How to obtain high spectral resolution of SBS-based distributed sensing by using nanosecond pulses

doi:10.1364/OE.14.002071

How to obtain high spectral resolution of SBS-based distributed sensing by using nanosecond pulses

V. P. Kalosha, E. Ponomarev, Liang Chen, and Xiaoyi Bao »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 14, Issue 6, pp. 2071-2078 (2006)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.002071

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Abstract
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Abstract

The ultimate spectral and spatial resolutions of distributed sensing based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in optical fibers is shown for several-nanosecond Stokes pulses. Precise measurements of the local Brillouin frequency, with a spectral resolution close to the natural linewidth and, simultaneously, the spatial resolution of the pulse length are provided by AC detection of the output pump in the case of a finite cw component (base) of the Stokes pulse. Simulation examples of SBS-based sensing for fibers containing sections with different Brillouin frequencies are presented, demonstrating the high resolution of the sensing.

OCIS Codes
(060.2370) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber optics sensors
(060.4370) Fiber optics and optical communications : Nonlinear optics, fibers
(290.5830) Scattering : Scattering, Brillouin

ToC Category:
Fiber Optics and Optical Communications

History
Original Manuscript: December 22, 2005
Manuscript Accepted: March 1, 2006
Published: March 20, 2006

Citation
V. P. Kalosha, E. Ponomarev, Liang Chen, and Xiaoyi Bao, "How to obtain high spectral resolution of SBS-based distributed sensing by using nanosecond pulses," Opt. Express 14, 2071-2078 (2006)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-14-6-2071

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References

X. Bao, D. J. Webb, and D. A. Jackson, "22-km distributed temperature sensor using Brillouin gain in an optical fiber," Opt. Lett. 18, 552-554 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Nikles, L. Thevenaz, and P. A. Robert, "Brillouin gain spectrum characterization in single-mode optical fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 1841-1851 (1997). [CrossRef]
T. R. Parker, M. Farhadiroushan, R. Feced, V. A. Handerek, and A. J. Rogers, "Simultaneous distributed measurement of strain and temperature from noise-initiated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 645 - 659 (1998). [CrossRef]
A. Yeniay, J.-M. Delavaux, and J. Toulouse, "Spontaneous and stimulated Brillouin scattering gain spectra in optical fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 20, 1425-1432 (2002). [CrossRef]
R. W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics (Academic Press, San Diego, 2003).
X. Bao, A. Brown, M. DeMerchant, and J. Smith, "Characterization of the Brillouin-loss spectrum of single-mode fibers by use of very short (< 10-ns) pulses," Opt. Lett. 24, 510-512 (1999). [CrossRef]
V. Lecoeuche, D. J. Webb, C. N. Pannell, and D. A. Jackson, "Transient response in high-resolution Brillouinbased distributed sensing using probe pulses shorter than the acoustic relaxation time," Opt. Lett. 25, 156-158 (2000). [CrossRef]
I. Velchev, D. Neshev, W. Hogervorst, and W. Ubachs, "Pulse compression to the subphonon lifetime region by half-cycle gain in transient stimulated Brillouin scattering," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 35, 1812-1816 (1999). [CrossRef]
W. H. Press, B. P. Flannery, S. A. Teukolsky, and W. T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes in Fortran (Cambridge University Academic Press, 1986).

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[1] X. Bao, D. J. Webb, and D. A. Jackson, "22-km distributed temperature sensor using Brillouin gain in an optical fiber," Opt. Lett. 18, 552-554 (1993). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[2] M. Nikles, L. Thevenaz, and P. A. Robert, "Brillouin gain spectrum characterization in single-mode optical fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 15, 1841-1851 (1997). [CrossRef]

[3] T. R. Parker, M. Farhadiroushan, R. Feced, V. A. Handerek, and A. J. Rogers, "Simultaneous distributed measurement of strain and temperature from noise-initiated Brillouin scattering in optical fibers," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 645 - 659 (1998). [CrossRef]

[4] A. Yeniay, J.-M. Delavaux, and J. Toulouse, "Spontaneous and stimulated Brillouin scattering gain spectra in optical fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 20, 1425-1432 (2002). [CrossRef]

[5] R. W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics (Academic Press, San Diego, 2003).

[6] X. Bao, A. Brown, M. DeMerchant, and J. Smith, "Characterization of the Brillouin-loss spectrum of single-mode fibers by use of very short (< 10-ns) pulses," Opt. Lett. 24, 510-512 (1999). [CrossRef]

[7] V. Lecoeuche, D. J. Webb, C. N. Pannell, and D. A. Jackson, "Transient response in high-resolution Brillouinbased distributed sensing using probe pulses shorter than the acoustic relaxation time," Opt. Lett. 25, 156-158 (2000). [CrossRef]

[8] I. Velchev, D. Neshev, W. Hogervorst, and W. Ubachs, "Pulse compression to the subphonon lifetime region by half-cycle gain in transient stimulated Brillouin scattering," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 35, 1812-1816 (1999). [CrossRef]

[9] W. H. Press, B. P. Flannery, S. A. Teukolsky, and W. T. Vetterling, Numerical Recipes in Fortran (Cambridge University Academic Press, 1986).

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How to obtain high spectral resolution of SBS-based distributed sensing by using nanosecond pulses