We show that energy circulation within a pulse is possible when it propagates in a high-contrast dielectric nanowire. This process is accomplished through electromagnetic “wormhole” regions, in which the Poynting vector associated with the guided mode is negative with respect to the direction of propagation. For demonstration purposes this mechanism is elucidated in AlGaAs and silicon nanowaveguides. The effect of dispersion on the power circulation is also considered.

© 2006 Optical Society of America

1. P. N. Prasad, Nanophotonics, (John Wiley and Sons, New York 2004). [CrossRef]
2. S. Kawata, M. Ohtsu and M. Irie, Nano-Optics, (Springer Verlag, Berlin 2002).
3. S. G. Leon-Saval, T. A. Birks, W. J. Wadsworth, P. St. J. Russell, and M. W. Mason, "Supercontinuum generation in submicron fibre waveguides," Opt. Express 12,2864-2869 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. L. Tong, R. R. Gattass, J. B. Ashcom, S. He, J. Lou, M. Shen, I. Maxwell, and E. Mazur, "Subwavelength-diameter silica wires for low-loss optical wave guiding," Nature 426, 816-819 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. M. A. Foster, A. L. Gaeta, Q. Cao, and R. Trebino, "Soliton-effect compression of supercontinuum to few-cycle durations in photonic nanowires," Opt. Express 13,6848-6855 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. L. Scaccabarozzi, X. Yu, M. L. Povinelli, S. Fan, M. M. Fejer and J. S. Harris, "Highly efficient birefringent second harmonic generation in submicron AlGaAs/AlxOy waveguides," CLEO 2005 Techncial Digest, paper CPDA10.
7. R. Iwanow, G. I. Stegeman, D. N. Christodoulides, R. Morandotti, D. Modotto, A. Locatelli, C. De Angelis, C. R. Stanley, M. Sorel and J. S. Aitchison, "Enhanced third order nonlinear effects in AlGaAs nano-wire waveguides," post-deadline paper PDP7, Nonlinear guided waves and their applications, OSA Topical Meeting, Dresden, Germany, Sept. 6-9, 2005.
8. R. El-Ganainy, S. Mokhov, K. G. Makris, and D. N. Christodoulides, "Solitons in dispersion-inverted AlGaAs nanowires," Opt. Express 14,2277-2282 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
9. D. Hondros and P. Debye, "Elektromagnetische Wellen an dielektrischen Drähten," Ann. Physik 32, 465-476 (1910). [CrossRef]
10. S. A. Schelkunoff, Electromagnetic Waves (D. Van Nostrand Inc., New York, 1943).
11. E. Snitzer, "Cylindrical dielectric waveguide mode," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51, 491-498 (1961). [CrossRef]
12. E. F. F. Gillespie, Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. 107c, 198-201 (1960).
13. J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics (Wiley, New York, 1975).
14. K. Okamoto, Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides (Academic Press, London 2000).
15. Y. N. Noskov, "Method for measuring properties of high relative dielectric constant materials in a cutoff waveguide cavity," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech,  MTT-48, 329-333 (2000). [CrossRef]
16. I. V. Shadrivov, A. A. Sukhorukov, and Y. S. Kivshar, "Guided modes in negative-refractive-index waveguides," Phys. Rev. E 67,0576021-0576024 (2003). [CrossRef]
17. S. Kawata and T. Tani, "Optically driven Mie particles in an evanescent field along a channeled waveguide," Opt. Lett. 21, 1768-1770 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
18. A. Askin, "Acceleration and trapping of particles by radiation pressure," Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 156-159, (1970). [CrossRef]
19. J. P. Gordon, "Radiation forces and momenta in dielectric media," Phys. Rev. A 8, 14-21 (1973). [CrossRef]

Ann. Physik

• D. Hondros and P. Debye, "Elektromagnetische Wellen an dielektrischen Drähten," Ann. Physik 32, 465-476 (1910). [CrossRef]

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech

• Y. N. Noskov, "Method for measuring properties of high relative dielectric constant materials in a cutoff waveguide cavity," IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech,  MTT-48, 329-333 (2000). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am.

• E. Snitzer, "Cylindrical dielectric waveguide mode," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 51, 491-498 (1961). [CrossRef]

Nature

• L. Tong, R. R. Gattass, J. B. Ashcom, S. He, J. Lou, M. Shen, I. Maxwell, and E. Mazur, "Subwavelength-diameter silica wires for low-loss optical wave guiding," Nature 426, 816-819 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Express

• M. A. Foster, A. L. Gaeta, Q. Cao, and R. Trebino, "Soliton-effect compression of supercontinuum to few-cycle durations in photonic nanowires," Opt. Express 13,6848-6855 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• S. G. Leon-Saval, T. A. Birks, W. J. Wadsworth, P. St. J. Russell, and M. W. Mason, "Supercontinuum generation in submicron fibre waveguides," Opt. Express 12,2864-2869 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• R. El-Ganainy, S. Mokhov, K. G. Makris, and D. N. Christodoulides, "Solitons in dispersion-inverted AlGaAs nanowires," Opt. Express 14,2277-2282 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

• S. Kawata and T. Tani, "Optically driven Mie particles in an evanescent field along a channeled waveguide," Opt. Lett. 21, 1768-1770 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. A

• J. P. Gordon, "Radiation forces and momenta in dielectric media," Phys. Rev. A 8, 14-21 (1973). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. E

• I. V. Shadrivov, A. A. Sukhorukov, and Y. S. Kivshar, "Guided modes in negative-refractive-index waveguides," Phys. Rev. E 67,0576021-0576024 (2003). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

• A. Askin, "Acceleration and trapping of particles by radiation pressure," Phys. Rev. Lett. 24, 156-159, (1970). [CrossRef]

Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng.

• E. F. F. Gillespie, Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. 107c, 198-201 (1960).

Other

• J. D. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics (Wiley, New York, 1975).
• K. Okamoto, Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides (Academic Press, London 2000).
• S. A. Schelkunoff, Electromagnetic Waves (D. Van Nostrand Inc., New York, 1943).
• P. N. Prasad, Nanophotonics, (John Wiley and Sons, New York 2004). [CrossRef]
• S. Kawata, M. Ohtsu and M. Irie, Nano-Optics, (Springer Verlag, Berlin 2002).
• L. Scaccabarozzi, X. Yu, M. L. Povinelli, S. Fan, M. M. Fejer and J. S. Harris, "Highly efficient birefringent second harmonic generation in submicron AlGaAs/AlxOy waveguides," CLEO 2005 Techncial Digest, paper CPDA10.
• R. Iwanow, G. I. Stegeman, D. N. Christodoulides, R. Morandotti, D. Modotto, A. Locatelli, C. De Angelis, C. R. Stanley, M. Sorel and J. S. Aitchison, "Enhanced third order nonlinear effects in AlGaAs nano-wire waveguides," post-deadline paper PDP7, Nonlinear guided waves and their applications, OSA Topical Meeting, Dresden, Germany, Sept. 6-9, 2005.

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