Self ordering threshold and superradiant backscattering to slow a fast gas beam in a ring cavity with counter propagating pump

doi:10.1364/OE.15.006019

Self ordering threshold and superradiant backscattering to slow a fast gas beam in a ring cavity with counter propagating pump

C. Maes, J. K. Asbóth, and H. Ritsch »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 15, Issue 10, pp. 6019-6035 (2007)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.15.006019

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Abstract

We study the dynamics of a fast gaseous beam in a high Q ring cavity counter propagating a strong pump laser with large detuning from any particle optical resonance. As spontaneous emission is strongly suppressed the particles can be treated as polarizable point masses forming a dynamic moving mirror. Above a threshold intensity the particles exhibit spatial periodic ordering enhancing collective coherent backscattering which decelerates the beam. Based on a linear stability analysis in their accelerated rest frame we derive analytic bounds for the intensity threshold of this selforganization as a function of particle number, average velocity, kinetic temperature, pump detuning and resonator linewidth. The analytical results agree well with time dependent simulations of the N-particle motion including field damping and spontaneous emission noise. Our results give conditions which may be easily evaluated for stopping and cooling a fast molecular beam.

OCIS Codes
(020.7010) Atomic and molecular physics : Laser trapping
(270.6630) Quantum optics : Superradiance, superfluorescence

ToC Category:
Trapping

History
Original Manuscript: October 23, 2006
Revised Manuscript: April 22, 2007
Manuscript Accepted: April 24, 2007
Published: May 2, 2007

Citation
C. Maes, J. K. Asbóth, and H. Ritsch, "Self ordering threshold and superradiant backscattering to slow a fast gas beam in a ring cavity with counter propagating pump," Opt. Express 15, 6019-6035 (2007)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-10-6019

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References

S. Chu, "Nobel Lecture: The manipulation of neutral particles," C. Cohen-Tannoudji, "Nobel Lecture: Manipulating atoms with photons," and W. D. Phillips, "Nobel Lecture: Laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms," Rev. Mod. Phys. 70,685-741 (1998). [CrossRef]
E.A. Cornell and C. E. Wieman, "Nobel Lecture: Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute gas, the first 70 years and some recent experiments, " Rev. Mod. Phys. 74,875-893 (2002). [CrossRef]
P. Domokos and H. Ritsch, "Mechanical effects of light in optical resonators, " J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20,1098-1130 (2003). [CrossRef]
A. Beige, P. L. Knight, and G. Vitiello, "Cooling many particles at once," New J. Phys. 7,96 (2005) [CrossRef]
V. Vuleti’c and S. Chu, "Laser cooling of atoms, ions, or molecules by coherent scattering," Phys. Rev. Lett. 84,3787-3790 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. W. Chan, A. T. Black, and V. Vuletic, "Observation of collective-emission-induced cooling of atoms in an optical cavity," Phys. Rev. Lett. 90,063003 (2003). [CrossRef]
P. Maunz, T. Puppe, I. Schuster, N. Syassen, P. W. H. Pinkse,and G. Rempe, "Cavity cooling of a single atom," Nature London 428,50-52 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Nussmann, K. Murr, M. Hijlkema, B. Weber, A. Kuhn, and G. Rempe, "Vacuum-stimulated cooling of single atoms in three dimensions," e-print quant-ph/0506067.
A. T. Black, H.W. Chan, and V. Vuletic, "Observation of collective friction forces due to spatial self-organization of atoms: from rayleigh to bragg scattering," Phys. Rev. Lett. 91,203001 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Klinner, M. Lindholdt, B. Nagorny, and A. Hemmerich, "Normal mode splitting and mechanical effects of an optical lattice in a ring cavity," Phys. Rev. Lett. 96,023002 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Nagorny, T. Elsasser, H. Richter, A. Hemmerich, D. Kruse, C. Zimmermann, and P. Courteille, "Optical lattice in a high-finesse ring resonator," Phys. Rev. A 67,031401(R) (2003). [CrossRef]
Th . Elsässer, B . Nagorny and A. Hemmerich, "Optical bistability and collective behavior of atoms trapped in a high-Q ring cavity," Phys. Rev. A 69,033403 (2004). [CrossRef]
H.L. Bethlem, G. Berden, F.M.H. Crompvoets, R.T. Jongma, A.J.A. van Roij, and G. Meijer, "Electrostatic trapping of ammonia molecules," Nature London 406491-494 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
N. Vanhaecke, W.D. Melo, B.L. Tolra, D. Comparat, and P. Pillet, "Accumulation of cold cesium molecules via photoassociation in a mixed atomic and molecular trap," Phys. Rev. Lett. 89,063001 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Fulton, A.I. Bishop, M.N. Shneider, and P.F. Barker, "Controlling the motion of cold molecules with deep periodic optical potentials," Nature Physics 2465-468 (2006). [CrossRef]
R. Fulton, A.I. Bishop, and P.F. Barker, "Optical Stark Decelerator for molecules," Phys. Rev. Lett. 93,243004 (2004). [CrossRef]
R. Bonifacio, C. Pellegrini, and L.M. Narducci, "Collective instabilities and high-gain regime in a free electron laser," Opt. Comm. 50,373-378 (1984). [CrossRef]
R. Bonifacio, l. De Salvo, L.M. Narducci, and E.J. D’Angelo, "Exponential gain and self-bunching in a collective atomic recoil laser," Phys. Rev. A 50,1716-1724 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Kruse, C. von Cube, C. Zimmermann, and Ph.W. Courteille, ‘Observation of lasing mediated by collective atomic recoil," Phys. Rev. Lett. 91,183601 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Slama, C. von Cube, B. Deh, A. Ludewig, C. Zimmermann and Ph. W. Courteille, "Phase-sensitive detection of bragg scattering at 1D optical lattices," Phys. Rev. Lett. 94,193901 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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A.T. Black, J.K. Thompson, and V. Vuleti´c, "Collective light forces on atoms in resonators," J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 38, (2005). [CrossRef]
M. Gangl and H. Ritsch, "Cold atoms in a high-Q ring cavity," Phys. Rev. A 61,043405 (2000). [CrossRef]
J. K. Asb’oth, P. Domokos, H. Ritsch and A. Vukics, "Self-organization of atoms in a cavity field: Threshold, bistability, and scaling laws," Phys. Rev A 72 (5) 053417 (2005). [CrossRef]
D. Nagy, J. K. Asb’oth, P. Domokos, and H. Ritsch, "Self-organization of a laser-driven cold gas in a ring cavity," EuroPhys Lett. 74(2),254 (2006). [CrossRef]
G.R.M. Robb, N. Piovella, A. Ferraro, R. Bonifacio, Ph. W. Courteille, and C. Zimmermann, "Collective atomic recoil lasing including friction and diffusion effects," Phys. Rev. A 69, 041403 (R) (2004). [CrossRef]

Asb’oth, J. K.
Barker, P.F.
Beige, A.
Berden, G.
Bethlem, H.L.
Bishop, A.I.
Black, A. T.
Bonifacio, R.
Chan, H. W.
Chan, H.W.
Chu, S.
Comparat, D.
Cornell, E.A.
Courteille, Ph. W.
Courteille, Ph.W.
Crompvoets, F.M.H.
Deh, B.
Domokos, P.
Elsässer, Th
Fulton, R.
Gangl, M.
Hemmerich, A.
Jongma, R.T.
Klinner, J.
Knight, P. L.
Kruse, D.
Lindholdt, M.
Ludewig, A.
Maunz, P.
Meijer, G.
Melo, W.D.
Nagorny, B
Nagorny, B.
Nagy, D.
Narducci, L.M.
Pellegrini, C.
Pillet, P.
Pinkse, P. W. H.
Piovella, N.
Puppe, T.
Rempe, G.
Ritsch, H.
Robb, G. R.M.
Schuster, I.
Shneider, M.N.
Slama, S.
Syassen, N.
Tolra, B.L.
van Roij, A.J.A.
Vanhaecke, N.
Vitiello, G.
von Cube, C.
Vukics, A.
Vuletic, V.
Wieman, C. E.
Zimmermann, C.

EuroPhys Lett.

D. Nagy, J. K. Asb’oth, P. Domokos, and H. Ritsch, "Self-organization of a laser-driven cold gas in a ring cavity," EuroPhys Lett. 74(2),254 (2006). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

P. Domokos and H. Ritsch, "Mechanical effects of light in optical resonators, " J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20,1098-1130 (2003). [CrossRef]

Nature London

P. Maunz, T. Puppe, I. Schuster, N. Syassen, P. W. H. Pinkse,and G. Rempe, "Cavity cooling of a single atom," Nature London 428,50-52 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H.L. Bethlem, G. Berden, F.M.H. Crompvoets, R.T. Jongma, A.J.A. van Roij, and G. Meijer, "Electrostatic trapping of ammonia molecules," Nature London 406491-494 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nature Physics

R. Fulton, A.I. Bishop, M.N. Shneider, and P.F. Barker, "Controlling the motion of cold molecules with deep periodic optical potentials," Nature Physics 2465-468 (2006). [CrossRef]

New J. Phys.

A. Beige, P. L. Knight, and G. Vitiello, "Cooling many particles at once," New J. Phys. 7,96 (2005) [CrossRef]

Opt. Comm.

R. Bonifacio, C. Pellegrini, and L.M. Narducci, "Collective instabilities and high-gain regime in a free electron laser," Opt. Comm. 50,373-378 (1984). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev A

J. K. Asb’oth, P. Domokos, H. Ritsch and A. Vukics, "Self-organization of atoms in a cavity field: Threshold, bistability, and scaling laws," Phys. Rev A 72 (5) 053417 (2005). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. A

Th . Elsässer, B . Nagorny and A. Hemmerich, "Optical bistability and collective behavior of atoms trapped in a high-Q ring cavity," Phys. Rev. A 69,033403 (2004). [CrossRef]
M. Gangl and H. Ritsch, "Cold atoms in a high-Q ring cavity," Phys. Rev. A 61,043405 (2000). [CrossRef]
R. Bonifacio, l. De Salvo, L.M. Narducci, and E.J. D’Angelo, "Exponential gain and self-bunching in a collective atomic recoil laser," Phys. Rev. A 50,1716-1724 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

D. Kruse, C. von Cube, C. Zimmermann, and Ph.W. Courteille, ‘Observation of lasing mediated by collective atomic recoil," Phys. Rev. Lett. 91,183601 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Slama, C. von Cube, B. Deh, A. Ludewig, C. Zimmermann and Ph. W. Courteille, "Phase-sensitive detection of bragg scattering at 1D optical lattices," Phys. Rev. Lett. 94,193901 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. von Cube, S. Slama, D. Kruse, C. Zimmermann, and Ph.W. Courteille, G. R.M. Robb, N. Piovella, and R. Bonifacio, "Self-synchronization and dissipation-induced threshold in Collective Atomic Recoil Lasing," Phys. Rev. Lett. 93,083601 (2004) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
N. Vanhaecke, W.D. Melo, B.L. Tolra, D. Comparat, and P. Pillet, "Accumulation of cold cesium molecules via photoassociation in a mixed atomic and molecular trap," Phys. Rev. Lett. 89,063001 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. T. Black, H.W. Chan, and V. Vuletic, "Observation of collective friction forces due to spatial self-organization of atoms: from rayleigh to bragg scattering," Phys. Rev. Lett. 91,203001 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Klinner, M. Lindholdt, B. Nagorny, and A. Hemmerich, "Normal mode splitting and mechanical effects of an optical lattice in a ring cavity," Phys. Rev. Lett. 96,023002 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
V. Vuleti’c and S. Chu, "Laser cooling of atoms, ions, or molecules by coherent scattering," Phys. Rev. Lett. 84,3787-3790 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. W. Chan, A. T. Black, and V. Vuletic, "Observation of collective-emission-induced cooling of atoms in an optical cavity," Phys. Rev. Lett. 90,063003 (2003). [CrossRef]
R. Fulton, A.I. Bishop, and P.F. Barker, "Optical Stark Decelerator for molecules," Phys. Rev. Lett. 93,243004 (2004). [CrossRef]

Rev. Mod. Phys.

S. Chu, "Nobel Lecture: The manipulation of neutral particles," C. Cohen-Tannoudji, "Nobel Lecture: Manipulating atoms with photons," and W. D. Phillips, "Nobel Lecture: Laser cooling and trapping of neutral atoms," Rev. Mod. Phys. 70,685-741 (1998). [CrossRef]
E.A. Cornell and C. E. Wieman, "Nobel Lecture: Bose-Einstein condensation in a dilute gas, the first 70 years and some recent experiments, " Rev. Mod. Phys. 74,875-893 (2002). [CrossRef]

Other

S. Nussmann, K. Murr, M. Hijlkema, B. Weber, A. Kuhn, and G. Rempe, "Vacuum-stimulated cooling of single atoms in three dimensions," e-print quant-ph/0506067.
B. Nagorny, T. Elsasser, H. Richter, A. Hemmerich, D. Kruse, C. Zimmermann, and P. Courteille, "Optical lattice in a high-finesse ring resonator," Phys. Rev. A 67,031401(R) (2003). [CrossRef]
A.T. Black, J.K. Thompson, and V. Vuleti´c, "Collective light forces on atoms in resonators," J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 38, (2005). [CrossRef]
G.R.M. Robb, N. Piovella, A. Ferraro, R. Bonifacio, Ph. W. Courteille, and C. Zimmermann, "Collective atomic recoil lasing including friction and diffusion effects," Phys. Rev. A 69, 041403 (R) (2004). [CrossRef]

2006, Klinner, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2006, Fulton, Nature Physics
2006, Nagy, EuroPhys Lett.
2005, Asb’oth, Phys. Rev A
2005, Slama, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2005, Beige, New J. Phys.
2004, Maunz, Nature London
2004, von Cube, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2004, Fulton, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2004, Elsässer, Phys. Rev. A
2003, Black, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2003, Domokos, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
2003, Chan, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2003, Kruse, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2002, Cornell, Rev. Mod. Phys.
2002, Vanhaecke, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2000, Gangl, Phys. Rev. A
2000, Bethlem, Nature London
2000, , Phys. Rev. Lett.
1998, Chu, Rev. Mod. Phys.
1994, Bonifacio, Phys. Rev. A
1984, Bonifacio, Opt. Comm.

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