Optical differential phase shift keying is normally demodulated in a delay-line interferometer with a 1-bit delay such that the free-spectral-range of the demodulator is equal to the transmitted bitrate. We show using Karkunen-Loeve expansion simulation that free-spectral-range optimization leads to increased chromatic dispersion tolerances. The optimized delay inversely scales with the amount of chromatic dispersion such that a delay slightly shorter than the bit period increases tolerances with no adverse effect on the polarization-mode-dispersion tolerance or frequency offset penalty at the receiver.

© 2007 Optical Society of America

1. A. H. Gnauck and P. J. Winzer, "Optical phase-shift-keyed transmission," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 115-130 (2005). [CrossRef]
2. P. J. Winzer, and R.-J. Essiambre, "Advanced modulation formats for high-capacity optical transport networks," J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 4711-4728 (2006). [CrossRef]
3. K. P. Ho, Phase Modulated Optical Communication Systems (Springer, 2005).
4. X. Liu, "Nonlinear effects in phase shift keyed transmission," in Proc. of C2004, paper ThM4, Los Angeles, CA (2004).
5. X. Liu, Y.-H. Kao, M. Movassaghi, and R. C. Giles, "Tolerance to in-band coherent crosstalk of differential phase-shift-keyed signal with balanced detection and FEC," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 1209-1911 (2004). [CrossRef]
6. F. Seguin and F. Gonthier, "Tuneable all-fiber, delay-line interferometer for DPSK demodulation," in Proc. OFC 2005, paper OFL5, Anaheim, CA (2005).
7. J. X. Cai, D. G. Foursa, L. Liu, C. R. Davidson, Y. Cai, W. W. Patterson, A. J. Lucero, B. Bakhshi, G. Mohs, P. C. Corbett, V. Gupta, W. Anderson, M. Vaa, G. Domagala, M. Mazurczyk, H. Li, S. Jiang, M. Nissov, A. N. Pilipetskii, and N. S. Bergano, "RZ-DPSK field trial over 13 100km of installed non-slope matched submarine fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 95 (2005). [CrossRef]
8. T. Mizuochi, K. Ishida, T. Kobayashi, J. Abe, K. Kinjo, K. Motoshima, K. Kasahara, "A comparative study of DPSK and OOK WDM transmission over transoceanic distances and their performance degradations due to nonlinear phase noise," J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 1933-1943 (2003). [CrossRef]
9. G. Charlet, E. Corbel, J. Lazaro, A. Klekamp, R. Dischler, P. Tran, W. Idler, H. Mardoyan, A. Konczykowska, F. Jorge, S. Bigo, "WDM transmission at 6-Tbit/s capacity over transatlantic distance, using 42.7-Gb/s differential phase-shift keying without pulse carver," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 104-107 (2005). [CrossRef]
10. H. Kim and P. Winzer, "Robustness to laser frequency offset in direct-detection DPSK and DQPSK Systems," J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 1887-1891(2003). [CrossRef]
11. P. Winzer and H. Kim, "Degradations in balanced DPSK receivers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 15, 1282-1284 (2003). [CrossRef]
12. K. P. Ho, "The effect of interferometer phase error on direct-detection DPSK and DQPSK signals," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 308-310 (2004). [CrossRef]
13. G. Bosco and P. Poggiolini, "The impact of receiver imperfections on the performance of Optical Direct-Detection DPSK," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 842-848 (2005). [CrossRef]
14. J. P. Gordon and L. F. Mollenauer, "Phase noise in photonic communications systems using linear amplifiers," Opt. Lett. 15, 1351-1353 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
15. E. Iannone, F. S. Locati, F. Matera, M. Romagnoli, and M. Settembre, "High-speed DPSK coherent systems in the presence of chromatic dispersion and Kerr Effect," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 842-848 (2005).
16. J. Wang and J. M. Kahn, "Impact of chromatic and polarization-mode dispersions on DPSK systems using interferometric demodulation and direct detection," J. Lightwave Technol. 22, 362-371 (2004). [CrossRef]
17. Y. K. Lize, L. Christen, P. Saghari, S. Nuccio, A.E. Willner, R. Kashyap, and Paraschis, "Implication of Chromatic dispersion on frequency offset and Bit delay mismatch penalty in DPSK demodulation," in Proc. ECOC 2006, paper Mo3.2.5, Cannes, France (2006).
18. B. Mikkelsen, C. Rasmussen, P. Mamyshev, and F. Liu, "Partial DPSK with excellent filter tolerance and OSNR sensitivity," Electron. Lett. 42, 1363 -1364 (2006). [CrossRef]

Electron. Lett.

• B. Mikkelsen, C. Rasmussen, P. Mamyshev, and F. Liu, "Partial DPSK with excellent filter tolerance and OSNR sensitivity," Electron. Lett. 42, 1363 -1364 (2006). [CrossRef]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

• P. Winzer and H. Kim, "Degradations in balanced DPSK receivers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 15, 1282-1284 (2003). [CrossRef]
• K. P. Ho, "The effect of interferometer phase error on direct-detection DPSK and DQPSK signals," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 308-310 (2004). [CrossRef]
• X. Liu, Y.-H. Kao, M. Movassaghi, and R. C. Giles, "Tolerance to in-band coherent crosstalk of differential phase-shift-keyed signal with balanced detection and FEC," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 16, 1209-1911 (2004). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• E. Iannone, F. S. Locati, F. Matera, M. Romagnoli, and M. Settembre, "High-speed DPSK coherent systems in the presence of chromatic dispersion and Kerr Effect," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 842-848 (2005).
• J. Wang and J. M. Kahn, "Impact of chromatic and polarization-mode dispersions on DPSK systems using interferometric demodulation and direct detection," J. Lightwave Technol. 22, 362-371 (2004). [CrossRef]
• G. Bosco and P. Poggiolini, "The impact of receiver imperfections on the performance of Optical Direct-Detection DPSK," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 842-848 (2005). [CrossRef]
• A. H. Gnauck and P. J. Winzer, "Optical phase-shift-keyed transmission," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 115-130 (2005). [CrossRef]
• P. J. Winzer, and R.-J. Essiambre, "Advanced modulation formats for high-capacity optical transport networks," J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 4711-4728 (2006). [CrossRef]
• J. X. Cai, D. G. Foursa, L. Liu, C. R. Davidson, Y. Cai, W. W. Patterson, A. J. Lucero, B. Bakhshi, G. Mohs, P. C. Corbett, V. Gupta, W. Anderson, M. Vaa, G. Domagala, M. Mazurczyk, H. Li, S. Jiang, M. Nissov, A. N. Pilipetskii, and N. S. Bergano, "RZ-DPSK field trial over 13 100km of installed non-slope matched submarine fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 95 (2005). [CrossRef]
• T. Mizuochi, K. Ishida, T. Kobayashi, J. Abe, K. Kinjo, K. Motoshima, K. Kasahara, "A comparative study of DPSK and OOK WDM transmission over transoceanic distances and their performance degradations due to nonlinear phase noise," J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 1933-1943 (2003). [CrossRef]
• G. Charlet, E. Corbel, J. Lazaro, A. Klekamp, R. Dischler, P. Tran, W. Idler, H. Mardoyan, A. Konczykowska, F. Jorge, S. Bigo, "WDM transmission at 6-Tbit/s capacity over transatlantic distance, using 42.7-Gb/s differential phase-shift keying without pulse carver," J. Lightwave Technol. 23, 104-107 (2005). [CrossRef]
• H. Kim and P. Winzer, "Robustness to laser frequency offset in direct-detection DPSK and DQPSK Systems," J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 1887-1891(2003). [CrossRef]

Opt. Lett.

• J. P. Gordon and L. F. Mollenauer, "Phase noise in photonic communications systems using linear amplifiers," Opt. Lett. 15, 1351-1353 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

• Y. K. Lize, L. Christen, P. Saghari, S. Nuccio, A.E. Willner, R. Kashyap, and Paraschis, "Implication of Chromatic dispersion on frequency offset and Bit delay mismatch penalty in DPSK demodulation," in Proc. ECOC 2006, paper Mo3.2.5, Cannes, France (2006).
• F. Seguin and F. Gonthier, "Tuneable all-fiber, delay-line interferometer for DPSK demodulation," in Proc. OFC 2005, paper OFL5, Anaheim, CA (2005).
• K. P. Ho, Phase Modulated Optical Communication Systems (Springer, 2005).
• X. Liu, "Nonlinear effects in phase shift keyed transmission," in Proc. of C2004, paper ThM4, Los Angeles, CA (2004).

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