We present a bright, narrowband, portable, quasi-phase-matched two-crystal source generating polarization-entangled photon pairs at 809 nm and 1555 nm at a maximum rate of 1.2 × 10⁶ s^-1 THz^-1 mW^-1 after coupling to single-mode fiber. The quantum channel at 1555 nm and the synchronization signal gating the single photon detector are multiplexed in the same optical fiber of length 27 km by means of wavelength division multiplexers (WDM) having 100 GHz (0.8 nm) spacing between channels. This implementation makes quantum communication applications compatible with current high-speed optical networks.

© 2007 Optical Society of America

1. N.  Gisin, G.  Ribordy, W.  Tittel, and H.  Zbinden, "Quantum cryptography," Rev. Mod. Phys.  74, 145-195 (2001). [CrossRef]
2. A.K. Ekert, "Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem," Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 661 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. I. Marcikic, H. de Riedmatten, W. Tittel, H. Zbinden, and N. Gisin, "Long-distance teleportation of qubits at telecommunication wavelengths," Nature 421, 509-513 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. H.  Briegel, W.  Dür, J. I.  Cirac and P.  Zoller, "Quantum repeaters: the role of imperfect local operations in quantum communication," Phys. Rev. Lett.  81, 5932-5935 (1998). [CrossRef]
5. P. G.  Kwiat, K.  Mattle, H.  Weinfurter, A.  Zeilinger, A. V.  Sergienko, and Y. H.  Shih, "New High-Intensity Source of Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs," Phys. Rev. Lett.  75, 4337-4340 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. C. E. Kuklewicz, M. Fiorentino, G. Messin, F. N. C. Wong, and J. H. Shapiro, "High-flux source of polarization entangled photons from a periodically-poled KTiOPO4 parametric downconverter," Phys. Rev. A 69, 013807 (2004). [CrossRef]
7. S. Tanzilli, H. De Riedmatten, W. Tittel, H. Zbinden, P. Baldi, M. De Micheli, D. B. Ostrowsky, and N. Gisin, "Highly efficient photon-pair source using a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide," Electron. Lett. 37, 26-28 (2001). [CrossRef]
8. M. Pelton, P. Marsden, D. Ljunggren, M. Tengner, A. Karlsson, A. Fragemann, C. Canalias, and F. Laurell, "Bright, single-spatial-mode source of frequency non-degenerate, polarization-entangled photon pairs using periodically poled KTP," Opt. Express 12, 3573-3580 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
9. D. Ljunggren, M. Tengner, P. Marsden, and M. Pelton, "Theory and experiment of entanglement in a quasi-phase-matched two-crystal source," Phys. Rev. A 73, 032326 (2006). [CrossRef]
10. D. Ljunggren and M. Tengner, "Optimal focusing for maximal collection of entangled narrow-band photon pairs into single-mode fibers," Phys. Rev. A 72, 062301 (2005). [CrossRef]
11. C.  Liang, K. F.  Lee, J.  Chen, and P.  Kumar, "Distribution of fiber-generated polarization entangled photon-pairs over 100 km of standard fiber in OC-192 WDM environment," postdeadline paper, Optical Fiber Communications Conference (OFC’2006), paper PDP35.
12. H. Hübel, M. R. Vanner, T. Lederer, B. Blauensteiner, A. Poppe, and A. Zeilinger, "High-fidelity transmission of polarization entangled qubits over 100 km of telecom fibers," Opt. Express 15, 7853-7862 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. P.W. Shor and J. Preskill, "Simple proof of security of the BB84 Quantum key distribution protocol," Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 441-444 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
14. J. J. Xia, D. Z. Chen, G. Wellbrock, A. Zavriyev, A. C. Beal, and K. M. Lee, "In-band quantum key distribution (QKD) on fiber populated by high-speed classical data channels," Optical Fiber Communications Conference (OFC’2006), paper OTuJ7.
15. M. Fiorentino, G. Messin, C. E. Kuklewicz, F. N. C. Wong, and J. H. Shapiro, "Generation of ultrabright tunable polarization entanglement without spatial, spectral, or temporal constraints," Phys. Rev. A 69, 041801 (2004). [CrossRef]

Electron. Lett.

• S. Tanzilli, H. De Riedmatten, W. Tittel, H. Zbinden, P. Baldi, M. De Micheli, D. B. Ostrowsky, and N. Gisin, "Highly efficient photon-pair source using a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide," Electron. Lett. 37, 26-28 (2001). [CrossRef]

Nature

• I. Marcikic, H. de Riedmatten, W. Tittel, H. Zbinden, and N. Gisin, "Long-distance teleportation of qubits at telecommunication wavelengths," Nature 421, 509-513 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Express

• M. Pelton, P. Marsden, D. Ljunggren, M. Tengner, A. Karlsson, A. Fragemann, C. Canalias, and F. Laurell, "Bright, single-spatial-mode source of frequency non-degenerate, polarization-entangled photon pairs using periodically poled KTP," Opt. Express 12, 3573-3580 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• H. Hübel, M. R. Vanner, T. Lederer, B. Blauensteiner, A. Poppe, and A. Zeilinger, "High-fidelity transmission of polarization entangled qubits over 100 km of telecom fibers," Opt. Express 15, 7853-7862 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. A

• C. E. Kuklewicz, M. Fiorentino, G. Messin, F. N. C. Wong, and J. H. Shapiro, "High-flux source of polarization entangled photons from a periodically-poled KTiOPO4 parametric downconverter," Phys. Rev. A 69, 013807 (2004). [CrossRef]
• M. Fiorentino, G. Messin, C. E. Kuklewicz, F. N. C. Wong, and J. H. Shapiro, "Generation of ultrabright tunable polarization entanglement without spatial, spectral, or temporal constraints," Phys. Rev. A 69, 041801 (2004). [CrossRef]
• D. Ljunggren, M. Tengner, P. Marsden, and M. Pelton, "Theory and experiment of entanglement in a quasi-phase-matched two-crystal source," Phys. Rev. A 73, 032326 (2006). [CrossRef]
• D. Ljunggren and M. Tengner, "Optimal focusing for maximal collection of entangled narrow-band photon pairs into single-mode fibers," Phys. Rev. A 72, 062301 (2005). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

• H.  Briegel, W.  Dür, J. I.  Cirac and P.  Zoller, "Quantum repeaters: the role of imperfect local operations in quantum communication," Phys. Rev. Lett.  81, 5932-5935 (1998). [CrossRef]
• P. G.  Kwiat, K.  Mattle, H.  Weinfurter, A.  Zeilinger, A. V.  Sergienko, and Y. H.  Shih, "New High-Intensity Source of Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs," Phys. Rev. Lett.  75, 4337-4340 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A.K. Ekert, "Quantum cryptography based on Bell’s theorem," Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 661 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• P.W. Shor and J. Preskill, "Simple proof of security of the BB84 Quantum key distribution protocol," Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 441-444 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Rev. Mod. Phys.

• N.  Gisin, G.  Ribordy, W.  Tittel, and H.  Zbinden, "Quantum cryptography," Rev. Mod. Phys.  74, 145-195 (2001). [CrossRef]

Other

• C.  Liang, K. F.  Lee, J.  Chen, and P.  Kumar, "Distribution of fiber-generated polarization entangled photon-pairs over 100 km of standard fiber in OC-192 WDM environment," postdeadline paper, Optical Fiber Communications Conference (OFC’2006), paper PDP35.
• J. J. Xia, D. Z. Chen, G. Wellbrock, A. Zavriyev, A. C. Beal, and K. M. Lee, "In-band quantum key distribution (QKD) on fiber populated by high-speed classical data channels," Optical Fiber Communications Conference (OFC’2006), paper OTuJ7.

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