Observation of Goos-Hänchen shifts in metallic reflection

doi:10.1364/OE.15.015928

Optics Express

Editor: C. Martijn de Sterke
Vol. 15, Iss. 24 — Nov. 26, 2007
pp: 15928–15934

Observation of Goos-Hänchen shifts in metallic reflection

M. Merano, A. Aiello, G. W. ’t Hooft, M. P. van Exter, E. R. Eliel, and J. P. Woerdman »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 15, Issue 24, pp. 15928-15934 (2007)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.15.015928

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Abstract
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Abstract

We report the first observation of the Goos-Hänchen shift of a light beam incident on a bare metal surface. This phenomenon is particularly interesting because the Goos-Hänchen shift for p polarized light in metals is negative and much bigger than the positive shift for s polarized light. The experimental result for the measured shifts as a function of the angle of incidence is in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. In an energy-flux interpretation, our measurement shows the existence of a backward energy flow at the bare metal surface when this is excited by a p polarized beam of light.

OCIS Codes
(240.0240) Optics at surfaces : Optics at surfaces
(260.3910) Physical optics : Metal optics

ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces

History
Original Manuscript: October 22, 2007
Revised Manuscript: November 12, 2007
Manuscript Accepted: November 13, 2007
Published: November 16, 2007

Citation
M. Merano, A. Aiello, G. W. ’t Hooft, M. P. van Exter, E. R. Eliel, and J. P. Woerdman, "Observation of Goos-Hänchen shifts in metallic reflection," Opt. Express 15, 15928-15934 (2007)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-24-15928

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References

F. Goos and H. Hanchen, "Ein neuer und fundamentaler Versuch zur Totalreflexion," Ann. Phys. 436, 333-346 (1947). [CrossRef]
K. Artmann, "Berechnung der Seitenversetzung des totalreflektierten Strahles," Ann. Phys. 437, 87-102 (1948). [CrossRef]
K. W. Chiu and J. J. Quinn, "On the Goos-Hanchen effect: A simple example of time delay scattering process," Am. J. Phys. 40, 1847-1851 (1972). [CrossRef]
R. F. Gragg, "The total reflection of a compact wave group: long-range trasmission in a waveguide," Am. J. Phys. 56, 1092-1094 (1988). [CrossRef]
F. Bretenaker, A. L. Floch, and L. Dutriaux, "Direct measurement of the optical Goos-H¨anchen effect in lasers," Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 931-933 (1992). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. Gilles, S. Girard, and J. Hamel, "Simple technique for measuring the Goos-Hanchen effect with polarization modulation and a position-sensitive detector," Opt. Lett. 27, 1421-1423 (2002). [CrossRef]
H. M. Lai, C. W. Kwok, Y. W. Loo, and B. Y. Xu, "Energy-flux pattern in the Goos-H¨anchen effect," Phys. Rev. E 62, 7330-7339 (2000). [CrossRef]
R. H. Renard, "Total reflection: A new evaluation of the Goos-Hanchen shift," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 54, 1190-1197 (1964). [CrossRef]
H. K. V. Lotsch, "Reflection and refraction of a beam of light at a plane interface," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 551-561(1968). [CrossRef]
D. J. Rhodes and C. K. Carniglia, "Measurement of the Goos-Hanchen shift at grazing incidence using Lloyd’s mirror," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 679-683 (1977). [CrossRef]
T. Tamir, and H. L. Bertoni, "Lateral displacement of optical beams at multilayered and periodic structures," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 71, 1397-1413 (1971). [CrossRef]
B. A. Anicin, R. Fazlic, and M Kopric, "Theoretical evidence for negative Goos-Hanchen shifts" J. Phys. A 11, 1657-1662 (1978). [CrossRef]
J. He, J. Yi, and S. He, "Giant negative Goos-Hanchen shifts for a photonic crystal with a negative effective index," Opt. Express 14, 3024 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. G. Wang and S. Y. Zhu, "Large negative lateral shifts from the Kretschmann-Raether configuration with lefthanded materials," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 221102 (2005). [CrossRef]
X. Yin, L. Hesselink, Z. Liu, N. Fang, and X. Zhang, "Large positive and negative lateral optical beam displacements due to surface plasmon resonance," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 372 (2004). [CrossRef]
C. Bonnet, D. Chauvat, O. Emile, F. Bretenaker, A. L. Floch, and L. Dutriaux, "Measurement of positive and negative Goos-Hanchen effects for metallic gratings near Wood anomalies," Opt. Lett. 26, 666-668 (2001). [CrossRef]
H. Wolter, "Untersuchungen zur Strahlversetzung bei Totalreflexion des Lichtes mit der Methode der Minimumstrahlkennzeichnung," Z. Naturforsch. 5a, 143-153 (1950).
H. K. V. Lotsch, "Beam displacement at total reflection: the Goos-Hanchen effect," Optik 32, 116-137, 189-204, 299-319, 553-569 (1970).
W. J. Wild and C. L. Giles, " Goos-Hanchen shift from absorbing media," Phys. Rev. A. 25, 2099-2101 (1982). [CrossRef]
P. T. Leung, C. W. Chen, and H. P. Chiang, "Large negative Goos-Hanchen shift at metal surfaces," Opt. Commun. 276, 206-208 (2007). [CrossRef]
H. M. Lai, and S. W. Chan, "Large and negative Goos-Hanchen shift near the Brewster dip on reflection from weakly absorbing media," Opt. Lett. 27, 680-682 (2002). [CrossRef]
Note that the expressions for the phase in Ref. [19] contain a misprint.
E. D. Palik, Handbook of optical constants of solids (Academic Press, London, 1985), 1st ed.
LASEROPTIK, Gneisenaustr. 14, D-30826 Garbsen, Germany.
T. Tamir, "Nonspecular phenomena in beam fields reflected by multilayered media," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3, 558- 565 (1986). [CrossRef]
W. Nasalski, "Modified reflectance and geometrical deformations of gaussian beams reflected at a dielectric interface," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 6, 1447-1454 (1989). [CrossRef]

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[1] F. Goos and H. Hanchen, "Ein neuer und fundamentaler Versuch zur Totalreflexion," Ann. Phys. 436, 333-346 (1947). [CrossRef]

[2] K. Artmann, "Berechnung der Seitenversetzung des totalreflektierten Strahles," Ann. Phys. 437, 87-102 (1948). [CrossRef]

[3] K. W. Chiu and J. J. Quinn, "On the Goos-Hanchen effect: A simple example of time delay scattering process," Am. J. Phys. 40, 1847-1851 (1972). [CrossRef]

[4] R. F. Gragg, "The total reflection of a compact wave group: long-range trasmission in a waveguide," Am. J. Phys. 56, 1092-1094 (1988). [CrossRef]

[5] F. Bretenaker, A. L. Floch, and L. Dutriaux, "Direct measurement of the optical Goos-H¨anchen effect in lasers," Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 931-933 (1992). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] H. Gilles, S. Girard, and J. Hamel, "Simple technique for measuring the Goos-Hanchen effect with polarization modulation and a position-sensitive detector," Opt. Lett. 27, 1421-1423 (2002). [CrossRef]

[7] H. M. Lai, C. W. Kwok, Y. W. Loo, and B. Y. Xu, "Energy-flux pattern in the Goos-H¨anchen effect," Phys. Rev. E 62, 7330-7339 (2000). [CrossRef]

[8] R. H. Renard, "Total reflection: A new evaluation of the Goos-Hanchen shift," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 54, 1190-1197 (1964). [CrossRef]

[9] H. K. V. Lotsch, "Reflection and refraction of a beam of light at a plane interface," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 58, 551-561(1968). [CrossRef]

[10] D. J. Rhodes and C. K. Carniglia, "Measurement of the Goos-Hanchen shift at grazing incidence using Lloyd’s mirror," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 67, 679-683 (1977). [CrossRef]

[11] T. Tamir, and H. L. Bertoni, "Lateral displacement of optical beams at multilayered and periodic structures," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 71, 1397-1413 (1971). [CrossRef]

[12] B. A. Anicin, R. Fazlic, and M Kopric, "Theoretical evidence for negative Goos-Hanchen shifts" J. Phys. A 11, 1657-1662 (1978). [CrossRef]

[13] J. He, J. Yi, and S. He, "Giant negative Goos-Hanchen shifts for a photonic crystal with a negative effective index," Opt. Express 14, 3024 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] L. G. Wang and S. Y. Zhu, "Large negative lateral shifts from the Kretschmann-Raether configuration with lefthanded materials," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 221102 (2005). [CrossRef]

[15] X. Yin, L. Hesselink, Z. Liu, N. Fang, and X. Zhang, "Large positive and negative lateral optical beam displacements due to surface plasmon resonance," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 372 (2004). [CrossRef]

[16] C. Bonnet, D. Chauvat, O. Emile, F. Bretenaker, A. L. Floch, and L. Dutriaux, "Measurement of positive and negative Goos-Hanchen effects for metallic gratings near Wood anomalies," Opt. Lett. 26, 666-668 (2001). [CrossRef]

[17] H. Wolter, "Untersuchungen zur Strahlversetzung bei Totalreflexion des Lichtes mit der Methode der Minimumstrahlkennzeichnung," Z. Naturforsch. 5a, 143-153 (1950).

[18] H. K. V. Lotsch, "Beam displacement at total reflection: the Goos-Hanchen effect," Optik 32, 116-137, 189-204, 299-319, 553-569 (1970).

[19] W. J. Wild and C. L. Giles, " Goos-Hanchen shift from absorbing media," Phys. Rev. A. 25, 2099-2101 (1982). [CrossRef]

[20] P. T. Leung, C. W. Chen, and H. P. Chiang, "Large negative Goos-Hanchen shift at metal surfaces," Opt. Commun. 276, 206-208 (2007). [CrossRef]

[21] H. M. Lai, and S. W. Chan, "Large and negative Goos-Hanchen shift near the Brewster dip on reflection from weakly absorbing media," Opt. Lett. 27, 680-682 (2002). [CrossRef]

[22] Note that the expressions for the phase in Ref. [19] contain a misprint.

[23] E. D. Palik, Handbook of optical constants of solids (Academic Press, London, 1985), 1st ed.

[24] LASEROPTIK, Gneisenaustr. 14, D-30826 Garbsen, Germany.

[25] T. Tamir, "Nonspecular phenomena in beam fields reflected by multilayered media," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 3, 558- 565 (1986). [CrossRef]

[26] W. Nasalski, "Modified reflectance and geometrical deformations of gaussian beams reflected at a dielectric interface," J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 6, 1447-1454 (1989). [CrossRef]

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Observation of Goos-Hänchen shifts in metallic reflection