Observation of a comb of optical squeezing over many gigahertz of
bandwidth

doi:10.1364/OE.15.005310

Optics Express

Editor: C. Martijin de Sterke
Vol. 15, Iss. 9 — Apr. 30, 2007
pp: 5310–5317

Observation of a comb of optical squeezing over many gigahertz of bandwidth

R. J. Senior, G. N. Milford, J. Janousek, A. E. Dunlop, K. Wagner, H.-A. Bachor, T. C. Ralph, E. H. Huntington, and C. C. Harb »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 15, Issue 9, pp. 5310-5317 (2007)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.15.005310

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Abstract

We experimentally demonstrate the generation of optical squeezing at multiple longitudinal modes and transverse Hermite-Gauss modes of an optical parametric amplifier. We present measurements of approximately 3 dB squeezing at baseband, 1.7 GHz, 3.4 GHz and 5.1 GHz which correspond to the first, second and third resonances of the amplifier. We show that both the magnitude and the bandwidth of the squeezing at the higher longitudinal modes is greater than can be observed at baseband. The squeezing observed is the highest frequency squeezing reported to date.

OCIS Codes
(040.5160) Detectors : Photodetectors
(190.4970) Nonlinear optics : Parametric oscillators and amplifiers
(270.6570) Quantum optics : Squeezed states

ToC Category:
Quantum Optics

History
Original Manuscript: February 26, 2007
Revised Manuscript: April 2, 2007
Manuscript Accepted: April 6, 2007
Published: April 16, 2007

Citation
R. J. Senior, G. N. Milford, J. Janousek, A. E. Dunlop, K. Wagner, H.-A. Bachor, T. C. Ralph, E. H. Huntington, and C. C. Harb, "Observation of a comb of optical squeezing over many gigahertz of bandwidth," Opt. Express 15, 5310-5317 (2007)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-9-5310

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References

1. N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, "Quantum cryptography," Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145-195 (2002); F. Grosshans, G. Van Assche, J. Wenger, R. Brouri, N. J. Cerf, P. Grangier, "Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states," Nature 421, 238-241 (2003). [CrossRef]
C.M. Caves, "Quantum-mechanical noise in an interferometer," Phys. Rev. D 23, 1693-1708 (1981). [CrossRef]
B.J. Meers and K.A. Strain "Modulation, signal, and quantum noise in interferometers," Phys. Rev. A 44, 4693-4703 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Nielsen and I. Chuang, Quantum computation and quantum information, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2000).
R.W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, (Academic Press, 1992).
P.G. Kwiat, K. Mattle, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, "New High-Intensity Source of Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs," Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4337-4341 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L.A. Wu, H.J. Kimble, J.L. Hall, and H. Wu, "Generation of Squeezed States by Parametric Down Conversion," Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 2520-2523 (1986). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. J. Lu and Z. Y. Ou, "Optical parametric oscillator far below threshold: Experiment versus theory," Phys. Rev. A 62033804 (2000). [CrossRef]
C. Fabre and S. Reynaud, Quantum noise in optical systems: A semiclassical approach, J. Dalibard, J.M. Raimond and J. Zinn-Justin, eds. (Les Houches, Session LIII, 1990).
A.E. Dunlop, E.H. Huntington, C.C. Harb, and T.C. Ralph, "Generation of a frequency comb of squeezing in an optical parametric oscillator," Phys. Rev. A 73, 013817 (2006). [CrossRef]
G.N. Milford, C. C. Harb, and E. H. Huntington, "Shot noise limited, microwave bandwidth photodetector design," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77, 114701 (2006). [CrossRef]
B. Yurke, P.G. Kaminsky, and R.E. Miller, "Observation of 4.2-K equilibrium-noise squeezing via a Josephsonparametric amplifier," Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 764-767 (1988). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R.W.P. Drever, J.L. Hall, F.V. Kowalski, J. Hough, G.M. Ford, A.J. Munley and H. Ward, "Laser phase and frequency stabilization using an optical resonator," Appl. Phys. B B31, 97-105 (1983). [CrossRef]
"43 GBit/s DPSK Balanced Photoreceiver," http://www.u2t.de/pdf/Preliminary Datasheet BPRV2123 V10.pdf.
M.B. Gray, D.A. Shaddock, C.C. Harb, and H.-A. Bachor, "Photodetector designs for low-noise, broadband, and high-power applications," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 69, 3755-3762 (1998). [CrossRef]
G. Gonzalez, Microwave Transistor Amplifiers: Analysis and Design, 2nd Ed, (Prentice Hall, 1996). [PubMed]
Mini-Circuits, http://www.mini-circuits.com
M. G. Raymer, J. Noh, K. Banaszek and I. A. Walmsley, "Pure-state single-photon wave-packet generation by parametric down-conversion in a distributed microcavity," Phys. Rev. A 72023825 (2005). [CrossRef]
D. F. Walls and G. J. Milburn, Quantum Optics, (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1994).
M. Lassen, V. Delaubert, C.C. Harb, P.K. Lam, N. Treps, H-A. Bachor, "Generation of squeezing in higher order Hermite-Gaussian modes with an optical parametric amplifier," J. of the Euro Opt. Soc.-RP. 1, 06003 (2006). [CrossRef]
K. McKenzie, N. Grosse, W.P. Bowen, S.E. Whitcomb, M.B. Gray, D.E. McClelland, and P.K. Lam, "Squeezing in the Audio Gravitational-Wave Detection Band," Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 161105 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. Vahlbruch, S. Chelkowski, B. Hage, A. Franzen, K. Danzmann, and R. Schnabel, "Demonstration of a Squeezed-Light-Enhanced Power- and Signal-Recycled Michelson Interferometer," Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 211102 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. B

R.W.P. Drever, J.L. Hall, F.V. Kowalski, J. Hough, G.M. Ford, A.J. Munley and H. Ward, "Laser phase and frequency stabilization using an optical resonator," Appl. Phys. B B31, 97-105 (1983). [CrossRef]

J. of the Euro Opt. Soc.-RP.

M. Lassen, V. Delaubert, C.C. Harb, P.K. Lam, N. Treps, H-A. Bachor, "Generation of squeezing in higher order Hermite-Gaussian modes with an optical parametric amplifier," J. of the Euro Opt. Soc.-RP. 1, 06003 (2006). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. A

A.E. Dunlop, E.H. Huntington, C.C. Harb, and T.C. Ralph, "Generation of a frequency comb of squeezing in an optical parametric oscillator," Phys. Rev. A 73, 013817 (2006). [CrossRef]
M. G. Raymer, J. Noh, K. Banaszek and I. A. Walmsley, "Pure-state single-photon wave-packet generation by parametric down-conversion in a distributed microcavity," Phys. Rev. A 72023825 (2005). [CrossRef]
B.J. Meers and K.A. Strain "Modulation, signal, and quantum noise in interferometers," Phys. Rev. A 44, 4693-4703 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. J. Lu and Z. Y. Ou, "Optical parametric oscillator far below threshold: Experiment versus theory," Phys. Rev. A 62033804 (2000). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. D

C.M. Caves, "Quantum-mechanical noise in an interferometer," Phys. Rev. D 23, 1693-1708 (1981). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

P.G. Kwiat, K. Mattle, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, "New High-Intensity Source of Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs," Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4337-4341 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L.A. Wu, H.J. Kimble, J.L. Hall, and H. Wu, "Generation of Squeezed States by Parametric Down Conversion," Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 2520-2523 (1986). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. McKenzie, N. Grosse, W.P. Bowen, S.E. Whitcomb, M.B. Gray, D.E. McClelland, and P.K. Lam, "Squeezing in the Audio Gravitational-Wave Detection Band," Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 161105 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. Vahlbruch, S. Chelkowski, B. Hage, A. Franzen, K. Danzmann, and R. Schnabel, "Demonstration of a Squeezed-Light-Enhanced Power- and Signal-Recycled Michelson Interferometer," Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 211102 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Yurke, P.G. Kaminsky, and R.E. Miller, "Observation of 4.2-K equilibrium-noise squeezing via a Josephsonparametric amplifier," Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 764-767 (1988). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Rev. Mod. Phys.

1. N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, "Quantum cryptography," Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145-195 (2002); F. Grosshans, G. Van Assche, J. Wenger, R. Brouri, N. J. Cerf, P. Grangier, "Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states," Nature 421, 238-241 (2003). [CrossRef]

Rev. Sci. Instrum.

M.B. Gray, D.A. Shaddock, C.C. Harb, and H.-A. Bachor, "Photodetector designs for low-noise, broadband, and high-power applications," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 69, 3755-3762 (1998). [CrossRef]
G.N. Milford, C. C. Harb, and E. H. Huntington, "Shot noise limited, microwave bandwidth photodetector design," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77, 114701 (2006). [CrossRef]

Other

"43 GBit/s DPSK Balanced Photoreceiver," http://www.u2t.de/pdf/Preliminary Datasheet BPRV2123 V10.pdf.
G. Gonzalez, Microwave Transistor Amplifiers: Analysis and Design, 2nd Ed, (Prentice Hall, 1996). [PubMed]
Mini-Circuits, http://www.mini-circuits.com
D. F. Walls and G. J. Milburn, Quantum Optics, (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1994).
M. Nielsen and I. Chuang, Quantum computation and quantum information, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2000).
R.W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, (Academic Press, 1992).
C. Fabre and S. Reynaud, Quantum noise in optical systems: A semiclassical approach, J. Dalibard, J.M. Raimond and J. Zinn-Justin, eds. (Les Houches, Session LIII, 1990).

2006, , Phys. Rev. A
2006, , Rev. Sci. Instrum.
2006, , J. of the Euro Opt. Soc.-RP.
2005, , Phys. Rev. Lett.
2005, , Phys. Rev. A
2004, , Phys. Rev. Lett.
2002, , Rev. Mod. Phys.
2000, , Phys. Rev. A
1998, , Rev. Sci. Instrum.
1995, , Phys. Rev. Lett.
1991, , Phys. Rev. A
1988, , Phys. Rev. Lett.
1986, , Phys. Rev. Lett.
1983, , Appl. Phys. B
1981, , Phys. Rev. D

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[1] 1. N. Gisin, G. Ribordy, W. Tittel, and H. Zbinden, "Quantum cryptography," Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145-195 (2002); F. Grosshans, G. Van Assche, J. Wenger, R. Brouri, N. J. Cerf, P. Grangier, "Quantum key distribution using gaussian-modulated coherent states," Nature 421, 238-241 (2003). [CrossRef]

[2] C.M. Caves, "Quantum-mechanical noise in an interferometer," Phys. Rev. D 23, 1693-1708 (1981). [CrossRef]

[3] B.J. Meers and K.A. Strain "Modulation, signal, and quantum noise in interferometers," Phys. Rev. A 44, 4693-4703 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] M. Nielsen and I. Chuang, Quantum computation and quantum information, (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2000).

[5] R.W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, (Academic Press, 1992).

[6] P.G. Kwiat, K. Mattle, H. Weinfurter, and A. Zeilinger, "New High-Intensity Source of Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs," Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 4337-4341 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] L.A. Wu, H.J. Kimble, J.L. Hall, and H. Wu, "Generation of Squeezed States by Parametric Down Conversion," Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 2520-2523 (1986). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] Y. J. Lu and Z. Y. Ou, "Optical parametric oscillator far below threshold: Experiment versus theory," Phys. Rev. A 62033804 (2000). [CrossRef]

[9] C. Fabre and S. Reynaud, Quantum noise in optical systems: A semiclassical approach, J. Dalibard, J.M. Raimond and J. Zinn-Justin, eds. (Les Houches, Session LIII, 1990).

[10] A.E. Dunlop, E.H. Huntington, C.C. Harb, and T.C. Ralph, "Generation of a frequency comb of squeezing in an optical parametric oscillator," Phys. Rev. A 73, 013817 (2006). [CrossRef]

[11] G.N. Milford, C. C. Harb, and E. H. Huntington, "Shot noise limited, microwave bandwidth photodetector design," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 77, 114701 (2006). [CrossRef]

[12] B. Yurke, P.G. Kaminsky, and R.E. Miller, "Observation of 4.2-K equilibrium-noise squeezing via a Josephsonparametric amplifier," Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 764-767 (1988). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] R.W.P. Drever, J.L. Hall, F.V. Kowalski, J. Hough, G.M. Ford, A.J. Munley and H. Ward, "Laser phase and frequency stabilization using an optical resonator," Appl. Phys. B B31, 97-105 (1983). [CrossRef]

[14] "43 GBit/s DPSK Balanced Photoreceiver," http://www.u2t.de/pdf/Preliminary Datasheet BPRV2123 V10.pdf.

[15] M.B. Gray, D.A. Shaddock, C.C. Harb, and H.-A. Bachor, "Photodetector designs for low-noise, broadband, and high-power applications," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 69, 3755-3762 (1998). [CrossRef]

[16] G. Gonzalez, Microwave Transistor Amplifiers: Analysis and Design, 2nd Ed, (Prentice Hall, 1996). [PubMed]

[17] Mini-Circuits, http://www.mini-circuits.com

[18] M. G. Raymer, J. Noh, K. Banaszek and I. A. Walmsley, "Pure-state single-photon wave-packet generation by parametric down-conversion in a distributed microcavity," Phys. Rev. A 72023825 (2005). [CrossRef]

[19] D. F. Walls and G. J. Milburn, Quantum Optics, (Springer-Verlag, New York, 1994).

[20] M. Lassen, V. Delaubert, C.C. Harb, P.K. Lam, N. Treps, H-A. Bachor, "Generation of squeezing in higher order Hermite-Gaussian modes with an optical parametric amplifier," J. of the Euro Opt. Soc.-RP. 1, 06003 (2006). [CrossRef]

[21] K. McKenzie, N. Grosse, W.P. Bowen, S.E. Whitcomb, M.B. Gray, D.E. McClelland, and P.K. Lam, "Squeezing in the Audio Gravitational-Wave Detection Band," Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 161105 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[22] H. Vahlbruch, S. Chelkowski, B. Hage, A. Franzen, K. Danzmann, and R. Schnabel, "Demonstration of a Squeezed-Light-Enhanced Power- and Signal-Recycled Michelson Interferometer," Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 211102 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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