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Active waveguides written by femtosecond laser irradiation in an erbium-doped phospho-tellurite glass
T. Toney Fernandez, G. Della Valle, R. Osellame, G. Jose, N. Chiodo, A. Jha, and P. Laporta »View Author Affiliations
1Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza L. da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
2Institute for Materials Research, Houldsworth Building, University of Leeds, Clarendon Road, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
*Corresponding author: giuseppe.dellavalle@polimi.it
Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 19, pp. 15198-15205 (2008)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.015198
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Abstract
We report on fs-laser micromachining of active waveguides in a new erbium-doped phospho-tellurite glass by means of a compact cavity-dumped Yb-based writing system. The spectroscopic properties of the glass were investigated, and the fs-laser written waveguides were characterized in terms of passive as well as active performance. In particular, internal gain was demonstrated in the whole C+L band of optical communications (1530–1610 nm).
© 2008 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(140.4480) Lasers and laser optics : Optical amplifiers
(320.2250) Ultrafast optics : Femtosecond phenomena
(130.2755) Integrated optics : Glass waveguides
ToC Category:
Integrated Optics
History
Original Manuscript: August 11, 2008
Revised Manuscript: September 5, 2008
Manuscript Accepted: September 5, 2008
Published: September 11, 2008
Citation
T. Toney Fernandez, G. Della Valle, R. Osellame, G. Jose, N. Chiodo, A. Jha, and P. Laporta, "Active waveguides written by
femtosecond laser irradiation in an
erbium-doped phospho-tellurite glass," Opt. Express 16, 15198-15205 (2008)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-19-15198
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References
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- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, S. Taccheo, R. Ramponi, G. Cerullo, A. Killi, U. Morgner, M. Lederer, and D. Kopf, "Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator," Opt. Lett. 29, 1900-1902 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. C. Righini, I. Banyasz, S. Barneschi, M. Brenci, M. Cremona, D. Ehrt, M. Ferrari, R. M. Montereali, G. N. Conti, S. Pelli, S. Sebastiani, and C. Tosello, "Laser irradiation, ion implantation and e-beam writing of integrated optical structures," Proc. SPIE 5840, 649-657 (2005).
- G. C. Righini, I. Banyasz, S. Barneschi, M. Brenci, M. Cremona, D. Ehrt, M. Ferrari, R. M. Montereali, G. N. Conti, S. Pelli, S. Sebastiani, and C. Tosello, "Laser irradiation, ion implantation and e-beam writing of integrated optical structures," Proc. SPIE 5840, 649-657 (2005).
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- J. W. Chan, T. R. Huser, S. H. Risbud, J. S. Hayden, and D. M. Krol, "Waveguide fabrication in phosphate glasses using femtosecond laser pulses," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2371-2373 (2003). [CrossRef]
- K. Miura, J. Qiu, H. Inouye, T. Mitsuyu and K. Hirao, "Photowritten optical waveguides in various glasses with ultrashort pulse laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 3329-3331 (1997). [CrossRef]
- K. M. Davis, K. Miura, N. Sugimoto, and K. Hirao, "Writing waveguides in glass with a femtosecond laser," Opt. Lett. 21, 1729-1731 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Chan, T. R. Huser, S. H. Risbud, J. S. Hayden, and D. M. Krol, "Waveguide fabrication in phosphate glasses using femtosecond laser pulses," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2371-2373 (2003). [CrossRef]
- K. Miura, J. Qiu, H. Inouye, T. Mitsuyu and K. Hirao, "Photowritten optical waveguides in various glasses with ultrashort pulse laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 3329-3331 (1997). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tokuda, M. Saito, M. Takahashi, K. Yamada, W. Watanabe, K. Itoh, and T. Yoko, "Waveguide formation in niobium tellurite glases by pico- and femtosecond laser pulses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 326, 472-475 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, G. Cerullo, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, A. Killi, U. Morgner, and O. Svelto, "Waveguide lasers in the C-band fabricated by laser inscription with a compact femtosecond oscillator," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12, 277-285 (2006). [CrossRef]
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- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, S. Taccheo, R. Ramponi, G. Cerullo, A. Killi, U. Morgner, M. Lederer, and D. Kopf, "Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator," Opt. Lett. 29, 1900-1902 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J.-I. Sakai, T. Kimura, "Practical Microbending Loss Formula for Single-Mode Optical Fibers," J. Quantum Electron. 15, 497-500 (1979). [CrossRef]
- A. Killi, A. Steinmann, J. Dörring, U. Morgner, M. J. Lederer, D. Kopf, and C. Fallnich, "High peak power pulses from a cavity-dumped Yb:KY(WO4)2 oscillator," Opt. Lett. 30, 1891-1893 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, S. Taccheo, R. Ramponi, G. Cerullo, A. Killi, U. Morgner, M. Lederer, and D. Kopf, "Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator," Opt. Lett. 29, 1900-1902 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. W. Chan, T. R. Huser, S. H. Risbud, J. S. Hayden, and D. M. Krol, "Waveguide fabrication in phosphate glasses using femtosecond laser pulses," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2371-2373 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, G. Cerullo, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, A. Killi, U. Morgner, and O. Svelto, "Waveguide lasers in the C-band fabricated by laser inscription with a compact femtosecond oscillator," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12, 277-285 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, S. Taccheo, M. Marangoni, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, D. Polli, S. De Silvestri, and G. Cerullo, "Femtosecond writing of active optical waveguides with astigmatically shaped beams," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 1559-1567 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. R. Gattass and E. Mazur, "Femtosecond laser micromachining in transparent materials," Nat. Photonics 2, 219-225 (2008). [CrossRef]
- S. K. Sundaram, C. B. Schaffer and E. Mazur, "Microexplosions in tellurite glasses," Appl. Phys. A 76, 379-384 (2003). [CrossRef]
- K. Miura, J. Qiu, H. Inouye, T. Mitsuyu and K. Hirao, "Photowritten optical waveguides in various glasses with ultrashort pulse laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 3329-3331 (1997). [CrossRef]
- K. Miura, J. Qiu, H. Inouye, T. Mitsuyu and K. Hirao, "Photowritten optical waveguides in various glasses with ultrashort pulse laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 3329-3331 (1997). [CrossRef]
- K. M. Davis, K. Miura, N. Sugimoto, and K. Hirao, "Writing waveguides in glass with a femtosecond laser," Opt. Lett. 21, 1729-1731 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. C. Righini, I. Banyasz, S. Barneschi, M. Brenci, M. Cremona, D. Ehrt, M. Ferrari, R. M. Montereali, G. N. Conti, S. Pelli, S. Sebastiani, and C. Tosello, "Laser irradiation, ion implantation and e-beam writing of integrated optical structures," Proc. SPIE 5840, 649-657 (2005).
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, G. Cerullo, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, A. Killi, U. Morgner, and O. Svelto, "Waveguide lasers in the C-band fabricated by laser inscription with a compact femtosecond oscillator," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12, 277-285 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Killi, A. Steinmann, J. Dörring, U. Morgner, M. J. Lederer, D. Kopf, and C. Fallnich, "High peak power pulses from a cavity-dumped Yb:KY(WO4)2 oscillator," Opt. Lett. 30, 1891-1893 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, S. Taccheo, R. Ramponi, G. Cerullo, A. Killi, U. Morgner, M. Lederer, and D. Kopf, "Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator," Opt. Lett. 29, 1900-1902 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. D. Psaila, R. R. Thomson, H. T. Bookey, S. Shen, N. Chiodo, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, A. Jha, and A. K. Kar, "Supercontinuum generation in an ultrafast laser inscribed chalcogenide glass waveguide," Opt. Express 15, 15776-15781 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, G. Cerullo, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, A. Killi, U. Morgner, and O. Svelto, "Waveguide lasers in the C-band fabricated by laser inscription with a compact femtosecond oscillator," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12, 277-285 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, S. Taccheo, R. Ramponi, G. Cerullo, A. Killi, U. Morgner, M. Lederer, and D. Kopf, "Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator," Opt. Lett. 29, 1900-1902 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Osellame, S. Taccheo, M. Marangoni, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, D. Polli, S. De Silvestri, and G. Cerullo, "Femtosecond writing of active optical waveguides with astigmatically shaped beams," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 1559-1567 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. C. Righini, I. Banyasz, S. Barneschi, M. Brenci, M. Cremona, D. Ehrt, M. Ferrari, R. M. Montereali, G. N. Conti, S. Pelli, S. Sebastiani, and C. Tosello, "Laser irradiation, ion implantation and e-beam writing of integrated optical structures," Proc. SPIE 5840, 649-657 (2005).
- K. Miura, J. Qiu, H. Inouye, T. Mitsuyu and K. Hirao, "Photowritten optical waveguides in various glasses with ultrashort pulse laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 3329-3331 (1997). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, G. Cerullo, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, A. Killi, U. Morgner, and O. Svelto, "Waveguide lasers in the C-band fabricated by laser inscription with a compact femtosecond oscillator," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12, 277-285 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, S. Taccheo, R. Ramponi, G. Cerullo, A. Killi, U. Morgner, M. Lederer, and D. Kopf, "Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator," Opt. Lett. 29, 1900-1902 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Osellame, S. Taccheo, M. Marangoni, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, D. Polli, S. De Silvestri, and G. Cerullo, "Femtosecond writing of active optical waveguides with astigmatically shaped beams," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 1559-1567 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. C. Righini, I. Banyasz, S. Barneschi, M. Brenci, M. Cremona, D. Ehrt, M. Ferrari, R. M. Montereali, G. N. Conti, S. Pelli, S. Sebastiani, and C. Tosello, "Laser irradiation, ion implantation and e-beam writing of integrated optical structures," Proc. SPIE 5840, 649-657 (2005).
- J. W. Chan, T. R. Huser, S. H. Risbud, J. S. Hayden, and D. M. Krol, "Waveguide fabrication in phosphate glasses using femtosecond laser pulses," Appl. Phys. Lett. 82, 2371-2373 (2003). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tokuda, M. Saito, M. Takahashi, K. Yamada, W. Watanabe, K. Itoh, and T. Yoko, "Waveguide formation in niobium tellurite glases by pico- and femtosecond laser pulses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 326, 472-475 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J.-I. Sakai, T. Kimura, "Practical Microbending Loss Formula for Single-Mode Optical Fibers," J. Quantum Electron. 15, 497-500 (1979). [CrossRef]
- S. K. Sundaram, C. B. Schaffer and E. Mazur, "Microexplosions in tellurite glasses," Appl. Phys. A 76, 379-384 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. C. Righini, I. Banyasz, S. Barneschi, M. Brenci, M. Cremona, D. Ehrt, M. Ferrari, R. M. Montereali, G. N. Conti, S. Pelli, S. Sebastiani, and C. Tosello, "Laser irradiation, ion implantation and e-beam writing of integrated optical structures," Proc. SPIE 5840, 649-657 (2005).
- S. K. Sundaram, C. B. Schaffer and E. Mazur, "Microexplosions in tellurite glasses," Appl. Phys. A 76, 379-384 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, G. Cerullo, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, A. Killi, U. Morgner, and O. Svelto, "Waveguide lasers in the C-band fabricated by laser inscription with a compact femtosecond oscillator," IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 12, 277-285 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R. Osellame, N. Chiodo, G. Della Valle, S. Taccheo, R. Ramponi, G. Cerullo, A. Killi, U. Morgner, M. Lederer, and D. Kopf, "Optical waveguide writing with a diode-pumped femtosecond oscillator," Opt. Lett. 29, 1900-1902 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Osellame, S. Taccheo, M. Marangoni, R. Ramponi, P. Laporta, D. Polli, S. De Silvestri, and G. Cerullo, "Femtosecond writing of active optical waveguides with astigmatically shaped beams," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 20, 1559-1567 (2003). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tokuda, M. Saito, M. Takahashi, K. Yamada, W. Watanabe, K. Itoh, and T. Yoko, "Waveguide formation in niobium tellurite glases by pico- and femtosecond laser pulses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 326, 472-475 (2003). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tokuda, M. Saito, M. Takahashi, K. Yamada, W. Watanabe, K. Itoh, and T. Yoko, "Waveguide formation in niobium tellurite glases by pico- and femtosecond laser pulses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 326, 472-475 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. C. Righini, I. Banyasz, S. Barneschi, M. Brenci, M. Cremona, D. Ehrt, M. Ferrari, R. M. Montereali, G. N. Conti, S. Pelli, S. Sebastiani, and C. Tosello, "Laser irradiation, ion implantation and e-beam writing of integrated optical structures," Proc. SPIE 5840, 649-657 (2005).
- Y. Tokuda, M. Saito, M. Takahashi, K. Yamada, W. Watanabe, K. Itoh, and T. Yoko, "Waveguide formation in niobium tellurite glases by pico- and femtosecond laser pulses," J. Non-Cryst. Solids 326, 472-475 (2003). [CrossRef]
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