Novel complex modes in asymmetrical nanoscale plasmonic waveguides

doi:10.1364/OE.16.017842

Novel complex modes in asymmetrical nanoscale plasmonic waveguides

Nikolai Berkovitch, Meir Orenstein, and Stephen G. Lipson »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 22, pp. 17842-17847 (2008)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.017842

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Abstract
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References (18)
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Abstract

Highly asymmetrical plasmonic waveguides exhibit guiding even below the expected cut-off dimensions. A new family of discrete complex guided modes of asymmetrical waveguides with losses - which may assist in nano plasmonic guiding, is found by employing the effective index method. These modes having a real effective index lower than the substrate index of refraction can be exhibited also in regular (lossy) photonics.

OCIS Codes
(230.7370) Optical devices : Waveguides
(240.6680) Optics at surfaces : Surface plasmons
(250.5403) Optoelectronics : Plasmonics

ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces

History
Original Manuscript: July 2, 2008
Revised Manuscript: September 7, 2008
Manuscript Accepted: October 3, 2008
Published: October 20, 2008

Citation
Nikolai Berkovitch, Meir Orenstein, and Stephen G. Lipson, "Novel complex modes in asymmetrical nanoscale plasmonic waveguides," Opt. Express 16, 17842-17847 (2008)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-22-17842

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References

E. Feigenbaum and M. Orenstein, "Modeling of Complementary (Void) Plasmon Waveguiding," J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 2547-2562 (2007). [CrossRef]
U. Fano, "The theory of anomalous diffraction gratings and of quasi-stationary waves on metallic surfaces (Sommerfeld's waves)," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31, 213-222 (1941). [CrossRef]
E. N. Economou, "Surface plasmons in thin films," Phys. Rev. 182, 539-554 (1969). [CrossRef]
S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, and T. W. Ebbesen, "Channel plasmon-polariton guiding by subwavelength metal grooves," Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 046802-1-4 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Charbonneau, P. Berini, E. Berolo, and E. Lisicka-Shrzek, "Experimental observation of plasmon polariton waves supported by a thin metal film of finite width," Opt. Lett. 25, 844-846 (2000). [CrossRef]
J.-C. Weeber, J. R. Krenn, A. Dereux, B. Lamprecht, Y. Lacroute, and J. P. Goudonnet, "Near-field observation of surface plasmon polariton propagation on thin metal stripes," Phys. Rev. B 64, 045411 (2001). [CrossRef]
S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, "Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators," Nature 440, 508-511 (2006).
F. M. Kong, K. Li, B. I. Wu, H. Huang, H. S. Chen, J. A. Kong, "Propagation properties of the SPP modes in nanoscale narrow metallic gap, channel, and hole geometries," PIER 76, 449-466 (2007). [CrossRef]
S. I. Bozhevolnyi, "Effective-index modeling of channel plasmon polaritons," Opt. Express 14, 9467-9476 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. Liu, Z. Han, and S. He, "Novel surface plasmon waveguide for high integration," Opt. Express 13, 6645-6650 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Veronis and S. Fan, "Modes of subwavelength plasmonic slot waveguides," IEEE J. Lightwave Tech. 25, 2511 - 2521 (2007). [CrossRef]
Y. Satuby and M. Orenstein, "Surface plasmon polariton waveguiding: From multimode stripe to a slot geometry," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 251104 (2007). [CrossRef]
D. F. P. Pile, T. Ogawa, D. K. Gramotnev, Y. Matsuzaki, K. C. Vernon, K. Yamaguchi, T. Okamoto, M. Haraguchi, and M. Fukui, "Two-dimensionally localized modes of a nanoscale gap plasmon waveguide," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 261114 (2005). [CrossRef]
E. D. Palik, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Academic, New York, 1985).
I. V. Novikov and A. A. Maradudin, "Channel polaritons," Phys. Rev. B 66, 035403 (2002). [CrossRef]
W. O. Schlosser, "Gain-induced modes in planar structures," Bell Syst. Tech. J. 52, 887-905 (1973).
A. Sommerfeld, "Uber die Fortpflanzung elektromagnetischer Wellen langs eines Drahtes," Wiedermann Ann. Phys. Chem. 67, 233-290 (1899). [CrossRef]
J. Zenneck, "Uber die Fortpflanzung ebener elektromagnetischer Wellen langs einer ebenen Leiterflache," Ann. Phys. 23, 846-866 (1907). [CrossRef]

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[1] E. Feigenbaum and M. Orenstein, "Modeling of Complementary (Void) Plasmon Waveguiding," J. Lightwave Technol. 25, 2547-2562 (2007). [CrossRef]

[2] U. Fano, "The theory of anomalous diffraction gratings and of quasi-stationary waves on metallic surfaces (Sommerfeld's waves)," J. Opt. Soc. Am. 31, 213-222 (1941). [CrossRef]

[3] E. N. Economou, "Surface plasmons in thin films," Phys. Rev. 182, 539-554 (1969). [CrossRef]

[4] S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, and T. W. Ebbesen, "Channel plasmon-polariton guiding by subwavelength metal grooves," Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 046802-1-4 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] R. Charbonneau, P. Berini, E. Berolo, and E. Lisicka-Shrzek, "Experimental observation of plasmon polariton waves supported by a thin metal film of finite width," Opt. Lett. 25, 844-846 (2000). [CrossRef]

[6] J.-C. Weeber, J. R. Krenn, A. Dereux, B. Lamprecht, Y. Lacroute, and J. P. Goudonnet, "Near-field observation of surface plasmon polariton propagation on thin metal stripes," Phys. Rev. B 64, 045411 (2001). [CrossRef]

[7] S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, "Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators," Nature 440, 508-511 (2006).

[8] F. M. Kong, K. Li, B. I. Wu, H. Huang, H. S. Chen, J. A. Kong, "Propagation properties of the SPP modes in nanoscale narrow metallic gap, channel, and hole geometries," PIER 76, 449-466 (2007). [CrossRef]

[9] S. I. Bozhevolnyi, "Effective-index modeling of channel plasmon polaritons," Opt. Express 14, 9467-9476 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] L. Liu, Z. Han, and S. He, "Novel surface plasmon waveguide for high integration," Opt. Express 13, 6645-6650 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] G. Veronis and S. Fan, "Modes of subwavelength plasmonic slot waveguides," IEEE J. Lightwave Tech. 25, 2511 - 2521 (2007). [CrossRef]

[12] Y. Satuby and M. Orenstein, "Surface plasmon polariton waveguiding: From multimode stripe to a slot geometry," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 251104 (2007). [CrossRef]

[13] D. F. P. Pile, T. Ogawa, D. K. Gramotnev, Y. Matsuzaki, K. C. Vernon, K. Yamaguchi, T. Okamoto, M. Haraguchi, and M. Fukui, "Two-dimensionally localized modes of a nanoscale gap plasmon waveguide," Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 261114 (2005). [CrossRef]

[14] E. D. Palik, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids (Academic, New York, 1985).

[15] I. V. Novikov and A. A. Maradudin, "Channel polaritons," Phys. Rev. B 66, 035403 (2002). [CrossRef]

[16] W. O. Schlosser, "Gain-induced modes in planar structures," Bell Syst. Tech. J. 52, 887-905 (1973).

[17] A. Sommerfeld, "Uber die Fortpflanzung elektromagnetischer Wellen langs eines Drahtes," Wiedermann Ann. Phys. Chem. 67, 233-290 (1899). [CrossRef]

[18] J. Zenneck, "Uber die Fortpflanzung ebener elektromagnetischer Wellen langs einer ebenen Leiterflache," Ann. Phys. 23, 846-866 (1907). [CrossRef]

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Novel complex modes in asymmetrical nanoscale plasmonic waveguides