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Luminescent Solar Concentrators - A review of recent results
Wilfried G.J.H.M. van Sark, Keith W.J. Barnham, Lenneke H. Slooff, Amanda J. Chatten, Andreas Büchtemann, Andreas Meyer, Sarah J. McCormack, Rolf Koole, Daniel J. Farrell, Rahul Bose, Evert E. Bende, Antonius R. Burgers, Tristram Budel, Jana Quilitz, Manus Kennedy, Toby Meyer, C. De Mello Donegá, Andries Meijerink, and Daniel Vanmaekelbergh »View Author Affiliations
1Science, Technology and Society, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development and Innovation, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 2, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
2Department of Physics, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
3ECN Solar Energy, P.O. Box 1, 1755 ZG Petten, the Netherlands
4Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research (IAP), Geiselbergstraße 69, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
5Solaronix SA, Rue de l’Ouriette 129, 1170 Aubonne, Switzerland
6Focas Institute, School of Physics, Dublin Institute of Technology, Kevin St, Dublin 8, Ireland
7Chemistry of Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 1,3584 CC Utrecht, the Netherlands
*Corresponding author: w.g.j.h.m.vansark@uu.nl
Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 26, pp. 21773-21792 (2008)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.021773
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Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) generally consist of transparent polymer sheets doped with luminescent species. Incident sunlight is absorbed by the luminescent species and emitted with high quantum efficiency, such that emitted light is trapped in the sheet and travels to the edges where it can be collected by solar cells. LSCs offer potentially lower cost per Wp. This paper reviews results mainly obtained within the framework of the Fullspectrum project. Two modeling approaches are presented, i.e., a thermodynamic and a ray-trace one, as well as experimental results, with a focus on LSC stability.
© 2008 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(040.5350) Detectors : Photovoltaic
(130.0250) Integrated optics : Optoelectronics
(130.7405) Integrated optics : Wavelength conversion devices
History
Original Manuscript: July 28, 2008
Revised Manuscript: September 25, 2008
Manuscript Accepted: September 26, 2008
Published: December 17, 2008
Virtual Issues
(2009) Advances in Optics and Photonics
Optics for Energy (2008) Optics Express
Citation
Wilfried G.J.H.M. van Sark, Keith W.J. Barnham, Lenneke H. Slooff, Amanda J. Chatten, Andreas Büchtemann, Andreas Meyer, Sarah J. McCormack, Rolf Koole, Daniel J. Farrell, Rahul Bose, Evert E. Bende, Antonius R. Burgers, Tristram Budel, Jana Quilitz, Manus Kennedy, Toby Meyer, C. De Mello Donegá, Andries Meijerink, and Daniel Vanmaekelbergh, "Luminescent Solar Concentrators - A review of recent results," Opt. Express 16, 21773-21792 (2008)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-26-21773
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- M. G. Debije, D. J. Broer, and C. W. M. Bastiaansen, “Effect of dye alignment on the output of a luminescent solar concentrator,” in Proceedings of Twenty Second European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conferenc,. G. Willeke, H. Ossenbrink, and P. Helm, Eds. (WIP, Munich, Germany, 2007), pp. 87–89.
- R. Kinderman, L. H. Slooff, A. R. Burgers, N. J. Bakker, A. Büchtemann, R. Danz, and J. A. M. van Roosmalen, “I-V Performance and Stability of Dyes for Luminescent Plate Concentrators,” J. Solar Energy Engin. 129, 277–282 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- A. J. Chatten, D. J. Farrell, R. Bose, M. G. Debije, A. Büchtemann, and K. W. J. Barnham, “Thermodynamic Modelling of Luminescent Solar Concentrators With Reduced Top Surface Losses,” in Proceedings of Twenty Second European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, G. Willeke, H. Ossenbrink, and P. Helm, Eds. (WIP, Munich, Germany, 2007), pp. 349–353.
- A. J. Chatten, D. J. Farrell, B. F. Buxton, A. Büchtemann, and K. W. J. Barnham, “Thermodynamic Modelling of Luminescent Solar Concentrators and Modules,” in Proceedings of Twentyfirst European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, J. Poortmans, H. Ossenbrink, E. Dunlop, and P. Helm, Eds. (WIP, Munich, Germany, 2006), pp. 315–319.
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- M. Peters, J. C. Goldschmidt, P. Loeper, A. Gombert, and G. Willeke, “Application of photonic structures on fluorescent concentrators,” in Proceedings of Twenty Second European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, G. Willeke, H. Ossenbrink, and P. Helm, Eds.(WIP, Munich, Germany, 2007), pp. 177–181.
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- R. Xie, U. Kolb, J. Li, T. Basche, and A. Mews, “Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Luminescent CdSe-Core CdS/Zn0.5Cd0.5S/ZnS Multishell Nanocrystals,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 7480–7488 (2005) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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Chem. Mater.
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Dyes Pigm.
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Energy Pol.
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in Proceedings of Twenty Second European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference
- M. Peters, J. C. Goldschmidt, P. Loeper, A. Gombert, and G. Willeke, “Application of photonic structures on fluorescent concentrators,” in Proceedings of Twenty Second European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, G. Willeke, H. Ossenbrink, and P. Helm, Eds.(WIP, Munich, Germany, 2007), pp. 177–181.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
- R. Xie, U. Kolb, J. Li, T. Basche, and A. Mews, “Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Luminescent CdSe-Core CdS/Zn0.5Cd0.5S/ZnS Multishell Nanocrystals,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 7480–7488 (2005) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- X. Peng, M. C. Schlamp, A. V. Kadavanich, and A. P. Alivisatos, “Epitaxial Growth of Highly Luminescent CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Nanocrystals with Photostability and Electronic Accessibility,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1197019–7029 (1997) [CrossRef]
J. Ambient Energy
- S. J. Gallagher, P. C. Eames, and B. Norton, “Quantum dot solar concentrator behaviour predicted using a ray trace approach,” J. Ambient Energy 25, 47–56 (2004). [CrossRef]
J. Appl. Phys.
- T. Trupke, M. A. Green, and P. Würfel, “Improving solar cell efficiencies by down-conversion of high-energy photons,” J. Appl. Phys. 92, 1668–1674 (2002). [CrossRef]
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J. Solar Energy Engin.
- R. Kinderman, L. H. Slooff, A. R. Burgers, N. J. Bakker, A. Büchtemann, R. Danz, and J. A. M. van Roosmalen, “I-V Performance and Stability of Dyes for Luminescent Plate Concentrators,” J. Solar Energy Engin. 129, 277–282 (2007). [CrossRef]
Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. London
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Nano. Lett.
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Phys. Rev. Lett.
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Physik in unserer Zeit
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Proc. SPIE
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Semiconductors
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Sol. Energy
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Sol. Energy Mater.
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Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells
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Other
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- A. R. Burgers, L. H. Slooff, R. Kinderman, and J. A. M. van Roosmalen, “Modeling of luminescent concentrators by ray-tracing,” in Proceedings of Twentieth European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, W. Hoffmann, J.-L. Bal, H. Ossenbrink, W. Palz, and P. Helm, Eds. (WIP, Munich, Germany, 2005) pp. 394–397.
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- M. Peters, J. C. Goldschmidt, P. Loeper, A. Gombert, and G. Willeke, “Application of photonic structures on fluorescent concentrators,” in Proceedings of Twenty Second European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, G. Willeke, H. Ossenbrink, and P. Helm, Eds.(WIP, Munich, Germany, 2007), pp. 177–181.
- W. G. J. H. M. Van Sark, G. W. Brandsen, M. Fleuster, and M. P. Hekkert, “Analysis of the silicon market: Will thin films profit?,” Energy Pol. 35, 3121 (2007). [CrossRef]
- L. Carbone, C. Nobile, M. De Giorgi, F. D. Sala, G. Morello, P. Pompa, M. Hytch, E. Snoeck, A. Fiore, I. R. Franchini, M. Nadasan, A. F. Silvestre, L. Chiodo, S. Kudera, R. Cingolani, R. Krahne, and L. Manna, “Synthesis and Micrometer-Scale Assembly of Colloidal CdSe/CdS Nanorods Prepared by a Seeded Growth Approach,” Nano. Lett. 7, 2942–2950 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Kinderman, L. H. Slooff, A. R. Burgers, N. J. Bakker, A. Büchtemann, R. Danz, and J. A. M. van Roosmalen, “I-V Performance and Stability of Dyes for Luminescent Plate Concentrators,” J. Solar Energy Engin. 129, 277–282 (2007). [CrossRef]
- L. H. Slooff, R. Kinderman, A. R. Burgers, A. Büchtemann, R. Danz, T. B. Meyer, A. J. Chatten, D. Farrell, K. W. J. Barnham, and J. A. M. Van Roosmalen, “The luminescent concentrator illuminated,” Proc. SPIE 6197, 1–8 (2006).
- R. Xie, U. Kolb, J. Li, T. Basche, and A. Mews, “Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Luminescent CdSe-Core CdS/Zn0.5Cd0.5S/ZnS Multishell Nanocrystals,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127, 7480–7488 (2005) [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Luque, A. Martí, A. Bett, V. M. Andreev, C. Jaussaud, J. A. M. van Roosmalen, J. Alonso, A. Räuber, G. Strobl, W. Stolz, C. Algora, B. Bitnar, A. Gombert, C. Stanley, P. Wahnon, J. C. Conesa, W. G. J. H. M. Van Sark, A. Meijerink, G. P. M. Van Klink, K. Barnham, R. Danz, T. Meyer, I. Luque-Heredia, R. Kenny, C. Christofides, G. Sala, and P. Benítez, “FULLSPECTRUM: a new PV wave making more efficient use of the solar spectrum,” Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 87, 467–479 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. J. Chatten, K. W. J. Barnham, B. F. Buxton, N. J. Ekins-Daukes, and M. A. Malik, “Quantum Dot Solar Concentrators,” Semiconductors 38, 609–617. (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. A. Earp, G. B. Smith, P. D. Swift, and J. Franklin, “Maximising the light output of a Luminescent Solar Concentrator,” Sol. Energy 76, 655–667 (2004). [CrossRef]
- S. J. Gallagher, P. C. Eames, and B. Norton, “Quantum dot solar concentrator behaviour predicted using a ray trace approach,” J. Ambient Energy 25, 47–56 (2004). [CrossRef]
- U. Rau, F. Einsele, and G. C. Glaeser, “Efficiency limits of photovoltaic fluorescent collectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 171101 (2003). [CrossRef]
- T. Trupke, M. A. Green, and P. Würfel, “Improving solar cell efficiencies by down-conversion of high-energy photons,” J. Appl. Phys. 92, 1668–1674 (2002). [CrossRef]
- T. Trupke, M. A. Green, and P. Würfel, “Improving solar cell efficiencies by up-conversion of sub-band-gap light,” J. Appl. Phys. 92, 4117–4122 (2002). [CrossRef]
- K. Barnham, J. L. Marques, J. Hassard, and P. O’Brien, “Quantum-dot concentrator and thermodynamic model for the global redshift,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 1197–1199 (2000). [CrossRef]
- X. Peng, M. C. Schlamp, A. V. Kadavanich, and A. P. Alivisatos, “Epitaxial Growth of Highly Luminescent CdSe/CdS Core/Shell Nanocrystals with Photostability and Electronic Accessibility,” J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1197019–7029 (1997) [CrossRef]
- A. Luque and A. Marti, “Increasing the Efficiency of Ideal Solar Cells by Photon Induced Transitions at Intermediate Levels,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 78, 5014–5017 (1997). [CrossRef]
- G. Seybold and G. Wagenblast, “New perylene and violanthrone dyestuffs for fluorescent collectors,” Dyes Pigm. 11, 303–317 (1989). [CrossRef]
- W. Stahl and A. Zastrow, “Fluoreszenzkollektoren,” Physik in unserer Zeit 16, 167(1985). [CrossRef]
- V. Wittwer, W. Stahl, and A. Goetzberger, “Fluorescent planar concentrators,” Sol. Energy Mater. 11, 187–197 (1984). [CrossRef]
- A. Goetzberger and W. Greubel, “Solar Energy Conversion with Fluorescent Collectors,” Appl. Phys. 14, 123–139 (1977). [CrossRef]
- E. A. Milne, “Radiative Equilibrium in Outer Layers of a Star,” Monthly Notices Roy. Astron. Soc. London 81, 361–388. (1921)
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