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Two-ion Coulomb crystals of Ca+in a Penning trap
D. R. Crick, H. Ohadi, I. Bhatti, R. C. Thompson, and D. M. Segal »View Author Affiliations
Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Prince Consort Rd., London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Optics Express, Vol. 16, Issue 4, pp. 2351-2362 (2008)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.16.002351
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Abstract
Results demonstrating laser cooling and observation of individual calcium ions in a Penning trap are presented. We show that we are able to trap, cool, image and manipulate the shape of very small ensembles of ions sufficiently well to produce two-ion ‘Coulomb crystals’ aligned along the magnetic field of a Penning trap. Images are presented which show the individual ions to be resolved in a two-ion crystal. A distinct change in the configuration of such a crystal is observed as the experimental parameters are changed. These structures could eventually be used as building blocks in a Penning trap based quantum computer.
© 2008 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(270.5585) Quantum optics : Quantum information and processing
(020.3320) Atomic and molecular physics : Laser cooling
ToC Category:
Trapping
History
Original Manuscript: October 24, 2007
Revised Manuscript: January 8, 2008
Manuscript Accepted: January 10, 2008
Published: February 5, 2008
Citation
D. R. Crick, H. Ohadi, I. Bhatti, R. C. Thompson, and D. M. Segal, "Two-ion Coulomb crystals of Ca+in a
Penning trap," Opt. Express 16, 2351-2362 (2008)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-4-2351
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References
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- S. Gulde, M. Riebe, G. P. T. Lancaster, C. Becher, J. Eschner, H. Haffner, F. Schmidt-Kaler, I. L. Chuang, and R. Blatt, "Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm on an ion-trap quantum computer," Nature 421, 48-50 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- D. Porras and J. I. Cirac, "Quantum manipulation of trapped ions in two dimensional Coulomb Crystals," Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 250501 (2006). [CrossRef]
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- H. F. Powell, S. R. de Echaniz, E. S. Phillips, D. M. Segal, and R. C. Thompson, "Improvement of laser cooling of ions in a Penning trap by use of the axialization technique," J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. 36, 961-970 (2003). [CrossRef]
- D. Leibfried, B. DeMarco, V. Meyer, D. Lucas, M. Barrett, J. Britton, W. M. Itano, B. Jelenkovic, C. Langer, T. Rosenband, and D. J. Wineland, "Experimental demonstration of a robust, high-fidelity geometric two ionqubit phase gate," Nature 422, 412 (2003). [CrossRef]
- L. Deslauriers, S. Olmschenk, D. Stick, W. K. Hensinger, J. Sterk, and C. Monroe, "Scaling and Suppression of Anomalous Heating in Ion Traps," Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 103007 (2006). [CrossRef]
- K.-A. Brickman, P. C. Haljan, P. J. Lee, M. Acton, L. Deslauriers, and C. Monroe "Implementation of Grover’s quantum search algorithm in a scalable system," Phys. Rev. A. 72, 050306R (2005). [CrossRef]
- F. Schmidt-Kaler, H. Haffner, M. Riebe, S. Gulde, G. P. T. Lancaster, T. Deuschle, C. Becher, C. F. Roos, J. Eschner, and R. Blatt, "Realization of the Cirac-Zoller controlled-NOT quantum gate." Nature 422, 408-411 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Diedrich, E. Peik, J. M. Chen, W. Quint, and H. Walther, "Observation of a phase transition of stored laser-cooled ions," Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 2931-2934 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Barenco, C. H. Bennett, R. Cleve, D. P. DiVincenzo, N. Margolus, P. Shor, T. Sleator, J. A. Smolin, and H. Weinfurter, "Elementary gates for quantum computation," Phys. Rev. A 52, 3457-3467 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. B. Mitchell, J. J. Bollinger, D. H. E. Dubin, X. P. Huang, W. M. Itano, and R. H. Baughman, "Direct observations of structural phase transitions in planar crystallized ion plasmas," Science 282, 1290-1293 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- F. Diedrich, E. Peik, J. M. Chen, W. Quint, and H. Walther, "Observation of a phase transition of stored laser-cooled ions," Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 2931-2934 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- D. Leibfried, E. Knill, S. Seidelin, J. Britton, R. B. Blakestad, J. Chiaverini, D. B. Hume, W. M. Itano, J. D. Jost, C. Langer, R. Ozeri, R. Reichle, and D. J. Wineland, "Creation of a six-atom ‘Schrodinger cat’ state," Nature 438, 639-642 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- G. P. T. Lancaster, H. Haffner, M. A. Wilson, C. Becher, J. Eschner, F. Schmidt-Kaler, and R. Blatt, "Doppler cooling a single Ca+ ion with a violet extended-cavity diode laser," Appl. Phys. B 76, 805-808 (2003). [CrossRef]
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- L. Deslauriers, S. Olmschenk, D. Stick, W. K. Hensinger, J. Sterk, and C. Monroe, "Scaling and Suppression of Anomalous Heating in Ion Traps," Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 103007 (2006). [CrossRef]
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- M. Brownnutt, G. Wilpers, P. Gill, R. C. Thompson, and A. G. Sinclair, "Monolithic microfabricated ion trap chip design for scaleable quantum processors," New J. Phys. 8, 232 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R.C. Thompson and D.C. Wilson, "The motion of small numbers of ions in a Penning trap," Z Phys. D 42, 271-277 (1997). [CrossRef]
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- D. Leibfried, B. DeMarco, V. Meyer, D. Lucas, M. Barrett, J. Britton, W. M. Itano, B. Jelenkovic, C. Langer, T. Rosenband, and D. J. Wineland, "Experimental demonstration of a robust, high-fidelity geometric two ionqubit phase gate," Nature 422, 412 (2003). [CrossRef]
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Appl. Phys. B
- G. P. T. Lancaster, H. Haffner, M. A. Wilson, C. Becher, J. Eschner, F. Schmidt-Kaler, and R. Blatt, "Doppler cooling a single Ca+ ion with a violet extended-cavity diode laser," Appl. Phys. B 76, 805-808 (2003). [CrossRef]
Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc.
- M . König, G . Bollen, H.-J. Kluge, T. Otto and J. Szerypo, "Quadrupole excitation of stored ion motion at the true cyclotron frequency," Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Proc. 142, 95-116 (1995). [CrossRef]
J. Appl. Phys.
- D. J. Berkeland, J. D. Miller, J. C. Bergquist, W. M. Itano, and D. J. Wineland, "Minimization of ion micro motion in a Paul trap," J. Appl. Phys. 83, 5025 (1998). [CrossRef]
J. Mod. Opt.
- J. R . Castrejon-Pita, H. Ohadi, D. R. Crick, D. F. A. Winters, D. M. Segal, and R. C. Thompson, "Novel designs for Penning ion traps," J. Mod. Opt. 54, 1581-1594 (2007). [CrossRef]
J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt.
- H. F. Powell, S. R. de Echaniz, E. S. Phillips, D. M. Segal, and R. C. Thompson, "Improvement of laser cooling of ions in a Penning trap by use of the axialization technique," J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. 36, 961-970 (2003). [CrossRef]
J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol.
- D. J. Wineland, C. Monroe, W. M. Itano, D. Leibfried, B. E. King, and D. M. Meekhof, "Experimental issues in coherent quantum-state manipulation of trapped atomic ions," J. Res. Natl. Inst. Stand. Technol. 103, 259 (1998). [CrossRef]
Nature
- D. Kielpinski, C. Monroe, and D. J. Wineland, "Architecture for a large-scale ion-trap quantum computer," Nature 417, 709-711 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- F. Schmidt-Kaler, H. Haffner, M. Riebe, S. Gulde, G. P. T. Lancaster, T. Deuschle, C. Becher, C. F. Roos, J. Eschner, and R. Blatt, "Realization of the Cirac-Zoller controlled-NOT quantum gate." Nature 422, 408-411 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Gulde, M. Riebe, G. P. T. Lancaster, C. Becher, J. Eschner, H. Haffner, F. Schmidt-Kaler, I. L. Chuang, and R. Blatt, "Implementation of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm on an ion-trap quantum computer," Nature 421, 48-50 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Riebe, H. Haffner, C. F. Roos, W. Hansel, J. Benhelm, G. P. T. Lancaster, T. W. Kober, C. Becher, F. Schmidt-Kaler, D. F. V. James and R. Blatt, "Deterministic quantum teleportation with atoms," Nature 429, 734 (2004). [CrossRef]
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New J. Phys.
- M. Brownnutt, G. Wilpers, P. Gill, R. C. Thompson, and A. G. Sinclair, "Monolithic microfabricated ion trap chip design for scaleable quantum processors," New J. Phys. 8, 232 (2006). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. A
- D. Reiss, K. Abich, W. Neuhauser, Ch. Wunderlich, and P. E. Toschek, "Raman cooling and heating of two trapped Ba+ ions," Phys. Rev. A 65, 053401 (2002). [CrossRef]
- A. Barenco, C. H. Bennett, R. Cleve, D. P. DiVincenzo, N. Margolus, P. Shor, T. Sleator, J. A. Smolin, and H. Weinfurter, "Elementary gates for quantum computation," Phys. Rev. A 52, 3457-3467 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Phys. Rev. A.
- K.-A. Brickman, P. C. Haljan, P. J. Lee, M. Acton, L. Deslauriers, and C. Monroe "Implementation of Grover’s quantum search algorithm in a scalable system," Phys. Rev. A. 72, 050306R (2005). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
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