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Femtosecond third-order optical nonlinearity of BiFeO3
Bing Gu, Yang Wang, John Wang, and Wei Ji »View Author Affiliations
Bing Gu,1,*
Yang Wang,2
John Wang,2
and Wei Ji3,†
1Jiangsu Key Laboratory on Opto-Electronic Technology and Department of Physics, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China
2Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore
3Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117542, Singapore
*gubing@njnu.edu.cn
†phyjiwei@nus.edu.sg
Optics Express, Vol. 17, Issue 13, pp. 10970-10975 (2009)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.010970
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Abstract
We report both linear and nonlinear optical properties of a ferroelectric thin film of polycrystalline BiFeO3 deposited on a quartz substrate. The linear refraction index and absorption coefficient of the film are determined as a function of light wavelength by optical transmittance measurements. By performing Z-scan experiments with femtosecond laser pulses at a wavelength of 780 nm, the third-order nonlinear refraction index and two-photon absorption (2PA) coefficient are measured to be 1.5×10-4 cm2/GW and 16 cm/GW, respectively. The results indicate that the thin film of polycrystalline BiFeO3 is a promising candidate for applications in nonlinear photonic devices.
© 2009 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(160.2260) Materials : Ferroelectrics
(190.3270) Nonlinear optics : Kerr effect
(190.4180) Nonlinear optics : Multiphoton processes
ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optics
History
Original Manuscript: May 7, 2009
Revised Manuscript: June 2, 2009
Manuscript Accepted: June 2, 2009
Published: June 16, 2009
Citation
Bing Gu, Yang Wang, John Wang, and Wei Ji, "Femtosecond third-order optical nonlinearity of BiFeO3," Opt. Express 17, 10970-10975 (2009)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-17-13-10970
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References
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- H. I. Elim, W. Ji, G. H. Ma, K. Y. Lim, C. H. Sow, and C. H. A. Huan, "Ultrafast absorptive and refractive nonlinearities in multiwalled carbon nanotube films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1799-1801 (2004). [CrossRef]
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- D. Rativa, R. E. de Araujo, C. B. de Ara’ujo, A. S. L. Gomes, and L. R. P. Kassab, "Femtosecond nonlinear optical properties of lead-germanium oxide amorphous films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 231906 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- S. W. Liu, J. Xu, D. Guzun, G. J. Salamo, C. L. Chen, Y. Lin, and M. Xiao, "Nonlinear optical absorption and refraction of epitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin films on (001) MgO substrates," Appl. Phys. B 82, 443-447 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. Sheik-Bahae, A. A. Said, T. H. Wei, D. J. Hagan, and E. W. Van Stryland, "Sensitive measurement of optical nonlinearities using a single beam," IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 760-769 (1990). [CrossRef]
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- R. Lopez, R. F. Haglund, Jr., L. C. Feldman, L. A. Boatner, and T. E. Haynes, "Optical nonlinearities in VO2 nanoparticles and thin films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 5191-5193 (2004). [CrossRef]
- B. Gu, Y. H. Wang, X. C. Peng, J. P. Ding, J. L. He, and H. T. Wang, "Giant optical nonlinearity of a Bi2Nd2Ti3O12 ferroelectric thin film," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3687-3689 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Kumar, R. C. Rai, N. J. Podraza, S. Denev, M. Ramirez, Y. H. Chu, L. W. Martin, J. Ihlefeld, T. Heeg, J. Suchubert, D. G. Schlom, J. Orenstein, R. Ramesh, R. W. Collins, J. L. Musfeldt, and V. Gopalan, "Linear and nonlinear optical properties of BiFeO3," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 121915 (2008). [CrossRef]
- H. I. Elim, W. Ji, G. H. Ma, K. Y. Lim, C. H. Sow, and C. H. A. Huan, "Ultrafast absorptive and refractive nonlinearities in multiwalled carbon nanotube films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1799-1801 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. K. Pradhan, K. Zhang, D. Hunter, J. B. Dadson, G. B. Loutts, P. Bhattacharya, R. Katiyar, J. Zhang, D. J. Sellmyer, U. N. Roy, Y. Cui, and A. Burger, "Magnetic and electrical properties of single-phase multiferroic BiFeO3," J. Appl. Phys. 97, 093903 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Kumar, R. C. Rai, N. J. Podraza, S. Denev, M. Ramirez, Y. H. Chu, L. W. Martin, J. Ihlefeld, T. Heeg, J. Suchubert, D. G. Schlom, J. Orenstein, R. Ramesh, R. W. Collins, J. L. Musfeldt, and V. Gopalan, "Linear and nonlinear optical properties of BiFeO3," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 121915 (2008). [CrossRef]
- W. Leng, C. Yang, H. Ji, J. Zhang, J. Tang, H. Chen, and L. Gao, "Linear and nonlinear optical properties of RF sputtered (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 ferroelectric thin films," J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 18, 887-892 (2007). [CrossRef]
- B. Gu, W. Ji, and X. Q. Huang, "Analytical expression for femtosecond-pulsed z scans on instantaneous nonlinearity," Appl. Opt. 47, 1187-1192 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. I. Elim, W. Ji, G. H. Ma, K. Y. Lim, C. H. Sow, and C. H. A. Huan, "Ultrafast absorptive and refractive nonlinearities in multiwalled carbon nanotube films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1799-1801 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D. Rativa, R. E. de Araujo, C. B. de Ara’ujo, A. S. L. Gomes, and L. R. P. Kassab, "Femtosecond nonlinear optical properties of lead-germanium oxide amorphous films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 231906 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. K. Pradhan, K. Zhang, D. Hunter, J. B. Dadson, G. B. Loutts, P. Bhattacharya, R. Katiyar, J. Zhang, D. J. Sellmyer, U. N. Roy, Y. Cui, and A. Burger, "Magnetic and electrical properties of single-phase multiferroic BiFeO3," J. Appl. Phys. 97, 093903 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Kumar, R. C. Rai, N. J. Podraza, S. Denev, M. Ramirez, Y. H. Chu, L. W. Martin, J. Ihlefeld, T. Heeg, J. Suchubert, D. G. Schlom, J. Orenstein, R. Ramesh, R. W. Collins, J. L. Musfeldt, and V. Gopalan, "Linear and nonlinear optical properties of BiFeO3," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 121915 (2008). [CrossRef]
- W. Leng, C. Yang, H. Ji, J. Zhang, J. Tang, H. Chen, and L. Gao, "Linear and nonlinear optical properties of RF sputtered (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 ferroelectric thin films," J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron. 18, 887-892 (2007). [CrossRef]
- H. I. Elim, W. Ji, G. H. Ma, K. Y. Lim, C. H. Sow, and C. H. A. Huan, "Ultrafast absorptive and refractive nonlinearities in multiwalled carbon nanotube films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 1799-1801 (2004). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Liu, J. Xu, D. Guzun, G. J. Salamo, C. L. Chen, Y. Lin, and M. Xiao, "Nonlinear optical absorption and refraction of epitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin films on (001) MgO substrates," Appl. Phys. B 82, 443-447 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J. Wang, J. B. Neaton, H. Zheng, V. Nagarajan, S. B. Ogale, B. Liu, D. Viehland, V. Vaithyanathan, D. G. Schlom, U. V. Waghmare, N. A. Spaldin, K. M. Rabe, M. Wuttig, and R. Ramesh, "Epitaxial BiFeO3 multiferroic thin film heterostructures," Science 299, 1719-1722 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. W. Liu, J. Xu, D. Guzun, G. J. Salamo, C. L. Chen, Y. Lin, and M. Xiao, "Nonlinear optical absorption and refraction of epitaxial Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin films on (001) MgO substrates," Appl. Phys. B 82, 443-447 (2006). [CrossRef]
- W. P. Zang, J. G. Tian, Z. B. Liu, W. Y. Zhou, C. P. Zhang, and G. Y. Zhang, "Study on Z-scan characteristics of cascaded nonlinear media," Appl. Phys. B 77, 529-533 (2003). [CrossRef]
- R. Lopez, R. F. Haglund, Jr., L. C. Feldman, L. A. Boatner, and T. E. Haynes, "Optical nonlinearities in VO2 nanoparticles and thin films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 5191-5193 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. K. Pradhan, K. Zhang, D. Hunter, J. B. Dadson, G. B. Loutts, P. Bhattacharya, R. Katiyar, J. Zhang, D. J. Sellmyer, U. N. Roy, Y. Cui, and A. Burger, "Magnetic and electrical properties of single-phase multiferroic BiFeO3," J. Appl. Phys. 97, 093903 (2005). [CrossRef]
- T. Ning, C. Chen, Y. Zhou, H. Lu, D. Zhang, H. Ming, G. Yang, "Large optical nonlinearity in CaCu3Ti4O12 thin films," Appl. Phys. A 94, 567-570 (2009). [CrossRef]
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- S. R. Basu, L. W. Martin, Y. H. Chu, M. Gajek, R. Ramesh, R. C. Rai, X. Xu, and J. L. Musfeldt, "Photoconductivity in BiFeO3 thin films," Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 091905 (2008). [CrossRef]
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Appl. Phys. A
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Appl. Phys. B
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
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J. Appl. Phys.
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J. Mater. Sci: Mater. Electron.
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