OSA's Digital Library

Optics Express

Optics Express

  • Editor: C. Martijn de Sterke
  • Vol. 17, Iss. 5 — Mar. 2, 2009
  • pp: 3555–3563

Optics InfoBase > Optics Express > Volume 17 > Issue 5 > Page 3555

Double waveguide couplers produced by simultaneous femtosecond writing

Matthias Pospiech, Moritz Emons, Andy Steinmann, Guido Palmer, Roberto Osellame, Nicola Bellini, Giulio Cerullo, and Uwe Morgner  »View Author Affiliations


Optics Express, Vol. 17, Issue 5, pp. 3555-3563 (2009)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.17.003555


View Full Text Article

Enhanced HTML    Acrobat PDF (4726 KB)


Advanced Search

Browse Journals / Lookup Meetings

Browse by Journal and Year


   


Lookup Conference Papers

Close Browse Journals / Lookup Meetings

Article Tools

Share
Citations

Abstract

We report on a novel method to create waveguide coupler devices in fused silica by combining the technique of beam shaping with femtosecond laser writing. The method is based on a programmable phase modulator and a dynamic variation of the phase-pattern during the writing process. The major advantage is the possibility to create complex devices in a single sweep by simultaneously writing two or more waveguides with changing separation. The guiding properties and the coupling behavior between the waveguides are investigated.

© 2009 Optical Society of America

OCIS Codes
(050.1950) Diffraction and gratings : Diffraction gratings
(140.3300) Lasers and laser optics : Laser beam shaping
(230.7370) Optical devices : Waveguides
(250.5300) Optoelectronics : Photonic integrated circuits
(350.3390) Other areas of optics : Laser materials processing
(070.6120) Fourier optics and signal processing : Spatial light modulators

ToC Category:
Optical Devices

History
Original Manuscript: December 5, 2008
Revised Manuscript: January 12, 2009
Manuscript Accepted: January 15, 2009
Published: February 23, 2009

Citation
Matthias Pospiech, Moritz Emons, Andy Steinmann, Guido Palmer, Roberto Osellame, Nicola Bellini, Giulio Cerullo, and Uwe Morgner, "Double waveguide couplers produced by simultaneous femtosecond writing," Opt. Express 17, 3555-3563 (2009)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-17-5-3555


Sort:  Author  |  Year  |  Journal  |  Reset  

References

  1. K. Minoshima, A. M. Kowalevicz, E. P. Ippen, and J. G. Fujimoto, "Fabrication of coupled mode photonic devices in glass by nonlinear femtosecond laser materials processing," Opt. Express 10, 645-652 (2002). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-10-15-645. [PubMed]
  2. A. M. Streltsov and N. F. Borrelli, "Fabrication and analysis of a directional coupler written in glass by nanojoule femtosecond laser pulses," Opt. Lett. 26, 42-43 (2001). http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-26-1-42. [CrossRef]
  3. R. Osellame, V. Maselli, N. Chiodo, D. Polli, R. M. Vazquez, R. Ramponi, and G. Cerullo, "Fabrication of 3D photonic devices at 1.55 μm wavelength by femtosecond Ti:Sapphire oscillator," Electron. Lett. 41, 315-317 (2005). [CrossRef]
  4. D. Homoelle, S. Wielandy, A. L. Gaeta, N. F. Borrelli, and C. Smith, "Infrared photosensitivity in silica glasses exposed to femtosecond laser pulses," Opt. Lett. 24, 1311-1313 (1999). http://ol.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=ol-24-18-1311. [CrossRef]
  5. S. Nolte, M. Will, J. Burghoff, and A. Tunnermann, "Femtosecond waveguide writing: a new avenue to threedimensional integrated optics," Appl. Phys. A 77, 109-111 (2003). [CrossRef]
  6. J. Liu, Z. Zhang, S. Chang, C. Flueraru, and C. P. Grover, "Directly writing of 1-to-N optical waveguide power splitters in fused silica glass using a femtosecond laser," Opt. Commun. 253, 315-319 (2005). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6TVF-4G6J7BK-4/2/edea39cc51bbd43d00faaaa0733ae52c. [CrossRef]
  7. C. Florea and K. A. Winick, "Fabrication and Characterization of PhotonicDevices Directly Written in Glass using Femtosecond Laser Pulses," J. Lightwave Technol. 21, 246-253 (2003). http://jlt.osa.org/abstract.cfm?URI=JLT-21-1-246. [CrossRef]
  8. Y. Gu, J.-H. Chung, and J. G. Fujimoto, "Femtosecond Laser Fabrication of Directional Couplers and Mach-Zehnder Interferometers," in Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference and Photonic Applications Systems Technologies, p. CThS3 (Optical Society of America, 2007).http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=URI=CLEO-2007-CThS3. [PubMed]
  9. R. R. Thomson, A. S. Bockelt, E. Ramsay, S. Beecher, A. H. Greenaway, A. K. Kar, and D. T. Reid, "Shaping ultrafast laser inscribed optical waveguides using a deformable mirror," Opt. Express 16, 12,786-12,793 (2008). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-17-12786.
  10. C. Mauclair, A. Mermillod-Blondin, N. Huot, E. Audouard, and R. Stoian, "Ultrafast laser writing of homogeneous longitudinal waveguides in glasses using dynamic wavefront correction," Opt. Express 16, 5481-5492 (2008). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-8-5481. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  11. A. Steinmann, G. Palmer, M. Emons, M. Siegel, and U. Morgner, "Generation of 9-μJ 420-fs Pulses by Fiber-Based Amplification of a Cavity-Dumped Yb:KYW Laser Oscillator," Laser Phys. 18, 527-529 (2008). [CrossRef]
  12. G. Palmer, M. Emons, M. Siegel, A. Steinmann, M. Schultze, M. Lederer, and U. Morgner, "Passively modelocked and cavity-dumped Yb:KY(WO4)2 oscillator with positive dispersion," Opt. Express 15, 16017-16021 (2007). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-15-24-16017. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  13. W. J. Reichman, D. M. Krol, L. Shah, F. Yoshino, A. Arai, S. M. Eaton, and P. R. Herman, "A spectroscopic comparison of femtosecond-laser-modified fused silica using kilohertz and megahertz laser systems," Journal of Applied Physics 99, 123112 (pages 5) (2006). [CrossRef]
  14. S. Eaton, H. Zhang, P. Herman, F. Yoshino, L. Shah, J. Bovatsek, and A. Arai, "Heat accumulation effects in femtosecond laser-written waveguides with variable repetition rate," Opt. Express 13, 4708-4716 (2005). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-12-4708. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  15. C. Schaffer, J. Garcia, and E. Mazur, "Bulk heating of transparent materials using a high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser," Appl. Phys. A 76, 351-354 (2003). [CrossRef]
  16. L. Shah, A. Arai, S. Eaton, and P. Herman, "Waveguide writing in fused silica with a femtosecond fiber laser at 522 nm and 1 MHz repetition rate," Opt. Express 13, 1999-2006 (2005). http://www.opticsexpress.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-13-6-1999. [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  17. L. P. Boivin, "Multiple Imaging Using Various Types of Simple Phase Gratings," Appl. Opt. 11, 1782-1792 (1972). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  18. B. Apter, U. Efron, and E. Bahat-Treidel, "On the fringing-field effect in liquid-crystal beam-steering devices," Appl. Opt. 43, 11-19 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  19. B. E. A. Saleh and M. C. Teich, Fundamentals of Photonics (John Wiley & Sons, 1991).

Cited By

 Alert me when this paper is cited

OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.


« Previous Article  |  Next Article »

OSA is a member of CrossRef.

CrossCheck Deposited