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Femtosecond synchronously in-well pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser
Wei Zhang, Alison McDonald, Thorsten Ackemann, Erling Riis, and Gail McConnell »View Author Affiliations
1Centre for Biophotonics, SIPBS, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NR, UK
2SUPA, Department of Physics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0NG, UK
*Corresponding author: wei.zhang.100@strath.ac.uk
Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 1, pp. 187-192 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.000187
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Abstract
We demonstrate the first synchronously in-well pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL). Depending on the cavity mismatch, laser pulses with a duration from 1 ps to 7 ps at a repetition rate of 76 MHz were generated directly from the laser at 860 nm. The application of extra-cavity pulse compression further shortened the pulse to a duration of 210 fs providing a peak power of 226 W.
© 2009 OSA
OCIS Codes
(040.4200) Detectors : Multiple quantum well
(140.5960) Lasers and laser optics : Semiconductor lasers
(320.1590) Ultrafast optics : Chirping
(320.5520) Ultrafast optics : Pulse compression
ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics
History
Original Manuscript: October 28, 2009
Revised Manuscript: December 3, 2009
Manuscript Accepted: December 8, 2009
Published: December 22, 2009
Citation
Wei Zhang, Alison McDonald, Thorsten Ackemann, Erling Riis, and Gail McConnell, "Femtosecond synchronously in-well pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser," Opt. Express 18, 187-192 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-1-187
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References
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- G. McConnell and E. Riis, “Ultra-short pulse compression using photonic crystal fibre,” Appl. Phys. B 78(5), 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, S. J. McGinily, M. Schmid, E. Riis, and A. I. Ferguson, “Operation of an optical in-well-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Opt. 45(29), 7729–7735 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, M. Schmid, N. Langford, and A. I. Ferguson, “Femtosecond synchronously mode-locked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Opt. Express 14(5), 1810–1821 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- C. P. Ausschnitt, R. K. Jain, and J. P. Heritage, “Cavity length detuning characteristics of the synchronously mode-locked CW dye laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 15(9), 912–917 (1979). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, D. J. Derickson, and J. E. Bowers, “Analysis of laser pulse chirping in mode-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(5), 1309–1318 (1993). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, R. Mirin, and J. E. Bowers, “Mode-locked GaAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 60(6), 677–679 (1992). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Corzing, R. S. Geels, J. W. Scott, R. H. Yan, and L. A. Coldren, “Design of Fabry-Perot surface-emitting lasers with a periodic gain structure,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1513–1524 (1989). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Corzing, R. S. Geels, J. W. Scott, R. H. Yan, and L. A. Coldren, “Design of Fabry-Perot surface-emitting lasers with a periodic gain structure,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1513–1524 (1989). [CrossRef]
- W. Denk, J. H. Strickler, and W. W. Webb, “Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy,” Science 248(4951), 73–76 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Jiang, D. J. Derickson, and J. E. Bowers, “Analysis of laser pulse chirping in mode-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(5), 1309–1318 (1993). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, S. J. McGinily, M. Schmid, E. Riis, and A. I. Ferguson, “Operation of an optical in-well-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Opt. 45(29), 7729–7735 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, M. Schmid, N. Langford, and A. I. Ferguson, “Femtosecond synchronously mode-locked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Opt. Express 14(5), 1810–1821 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- G. P. A. Malcolm and A. I. Ferguson, “Synchronously pumped continuous-wave dye laser pumped by a mode-locked frequency-doubled diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser,” Opt. Lett. 16(11), 814–816 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- A. C. Tropper, H. D. Foreman, A. Garnache, K. G. Wilcox, and S. H. Hoogland, “Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 37(9), R75–R85 (2004). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, S. R. Friberg, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “High powers and subpicosecond pulses from an external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 58(8), 807–809 (1991). [CrossRef]
- W. H. Xiang, S. R. Friberg, K. Watanabe, S. Machida, W. B. Jiang, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “Femtosecond external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple-quantum-well laser,” Opt. Lett. 16(18), 1394–1396 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. C. Tropper, H. D. Foreman, A. Garnache, K. G. Wilcox, and S. H. Hoogland, “Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 37(9), R75–R85 (2004). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Corzing, R. S. Geels, J. W. Scott, R. H. Yan, and L. A. Coldren, “Design of Fabry-Perot surface-emitting lasers with a periodic gain structure,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1513–1524 (1989). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Aschwanden, D. Lorenser, H. J. Unold, R. Paschotta, E. Gini, and U. Keller, “2.1-W picosecond passively mode-locked external-cavity semiconductor laser,” Opt. Lett. 30(3), 272–274 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- C. H. Henry, “Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 259–264 (1982). [CrossRef]
- C. P. Ausschnitt, R. K. Jain, and J. P. Heritage, “Cavity length detuning characteristics of the synchronously mode-locked CW dye laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 15(9), 912–917 (1979). [CrossRef]
- A. Zumbusch, G. R. Holtom, and X. S. Xie, “Three-dimentional vibrational imaging by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 82(20), 4142–4145 (1999). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- A. C. Tropper, H. D. Foreman, A. Garnache, K. G. Wilcox, and S. H. Hoogland, “Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 37(9), R75–R85 (2004). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, S. R. Friberg, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “High powers and subpicosecond pulses from an external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 58(8), 807–809 (1991). [CrossRef]
- W. H. Xiang, S. R. Friberg, K. Watanabe, S. Machida, W. B. Jiang, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “Femtosecond external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple-quantum-well laser,” Opt. Lett. 16(18), 1394–1396 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. P. Ausschnitt, R. K. Jain, and J. P. Heritage, “Cavity length detuning characteristics of the synchronously mode-locked CW dye laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 15(9), 912–917 (1979). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, D. J. Derickson, and J. E. Bowers, “Analysis of laser pulse chirping in mode-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(5), 1309–1318 (1993). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, R. Mirin, and J. E. Bowers, “Mode-locked GaAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 60(6), 677–679 (1992). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, S. R. Friberg, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “High powers and subpicosecond pulses from an external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 58(8), 807–809 (1991). [CrossRef]
- W. H. Xiang, S. R. Friberg, K. Watanabe, S. Machida, W. B. Jiang, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “Femtosecond external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple-quantum-well laser,” Opt. Lett. 16(18), 1394–1396 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Aschwanden, D. Lorenser, H. J. Unold, R. Paschotta, E. Gini, and U. Keller, “2.1-W picosecond passively mode-locked external-cavity semiconductor laser,” Opt. Lett. 30(3), 272–274 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- M. Kolesik and J. V. Moloney, “Time-Domain Vertical-External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser Simulation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(7), 588–596 (2007). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Aschwanden, D. Lorenser, H. J. Unold, R. Paschotta, E. Gini, and U. Keller, “2.1-W picosecond passively mode-locked external-cavity semiconductor laser,” Opt. Lett. 30(3), 272–274 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- G. McConnell and E. Riis, “Ultra-short pulse compression using photonic crystal fibre,” Appl. Phys. B 78(5), 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, S. J. McGinily, M. Schmid, E. Riis, and A. I. Ferguson, “Operation of an optical in-well-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Opt. 45(29), 7729–7735 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, R. Mirin, and J. E. Bowers, “Mode-locked GaAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 60(6), 677–679 (1992). [CrossRef]
- U. Morgner and F. Mitschke, “Drift instabilities in the pulses from cw mode-locked lasers,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 58(1), 187–192 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. Kolesik and J. V. Moloney, “Time-Domain Vertical-External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser Simulation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(7), 588–596 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- U. Morgner and F. Mitschke, “Drift instabilities in the pulses from cw mode-locked lasers,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 58(1), 187–192 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, S. J. McGinily, M. Schmid, E. Riis, and A. I. Ferguson, “Operation of an optical in-well-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Opt. 45(29), 7729–7735 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- G. McConnell and E. Riis, “Ultra-short pulse compression using photonic crystal fibre,” Appl. Phys. B 78(5), 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, S. J. McGinily, M. Schmid, E. Riis, and A. I. Ferguson, “Operation of an optical in-well-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Opt. 45(29), 7729–7735 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, M. Schmid, N. Langford, and A. I. Ferguson, “Femtosecond synchronously mode-locked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Opt. Express 14(5), 1810–1821 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Corzing, R. S. Geels, J. W. Scott, R. H. Yan, and L. A. Coldren, “Design of Fabry-Perot surface-emitting lasers with a periodic gain structure,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1513–1524 (1989). [CrossRef]
- W. Denk, J. H. Strickler, and W. W. Webb, “Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy,” Science 248(4951), 73–76 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. C. Tropper, H. D. Foreman, A. Garnache, K. G. Wilcox, and S. H. Hoogland, “Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 37(9), R75–R85 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Aschwanden, D. Lorenser, H. J. Unold, R. Paschotta, E. Gini, and U. Keller, “2.1-W picosecond passively mode-locked external-cavity semiconductor laser,” Opt. Lett. 30(3), 272–274 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Denk, J. H. Strickler, and W. W. Webb, “Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy,” Science 248(4951), 73–76 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- K. G. Wilcox, Z. Mihoubi, G. J. Daniell, S. Elsmere, A. Quarterman, I. Farrer, D. A. Ritchie, and A. Tropper, “Ultrafast optical Stark mode-locked semiconductor laser,” Opt. Lett. 33(23), 2797–2799 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. C. Tropper, H. D. Foreman, A. Garnache, K. G. Wilcox, and S. H. Hoogland, “Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 37(9), R75–R85 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Zumbusch, G. R. Holtom, and X. S. Xie, “Three-dimentional vibrational imaging by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 82(20), 4142–4145 (1999). [CrossRef]
- W. H. Xiang, S. R. Friberg, K. Watanabe, S. Machida, W. B. Jiang, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “Femtosecond external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple-quantum-well laser,” Opt. Lett. 16(18), 1394–1396 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Jiang, S. R. Friberg, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “High powers and subpicosecond pulses from an external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 58(8), 807–809 (1991). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Corzing, R. S. Geels, J. W. Scott, R. H. Yan, and L. A. Coldren, “Design of Fabry-Perot surface-emitting lasers with a periodic gain structure,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1513–1524 (1989). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, S. J. McGinily, M. Schmid, E. Riis, and A. I. Ferguson, “Operation of an optical in-well-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Opt. 45(29), 7729–7735 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, M. Schmid, N. Langford, and A. I. Ferguson, “Femtosecond synchronously mode-locked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Opt. Express 14(5), 1810–1821 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Zumbusch, G. R. Holtom, and X. S. Xie, “Three-dimentional vibrational imaging by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 82(20), 4142–4145 (1999). [CrossRef]
Appl. Opt.
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, S. J. McGinily, M. Schmid, E. Riis, and A. I. Ferguson, “Operation of an optical in-well-pumped vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Opt. 45(29), 7729–7735 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Phys. B
- G. McConnell and E. Riis, “Ultra-short pulse compression using photonic crystal fibre,” Appl. Phys. B 78(5), 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, R. Mirin, and J. E. Bowers, “Mode-locked GaAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 60(6), 677–679 (1992). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, S. R. Friberg, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “High powers and subpicosecond pulses from an external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 58(8), 807–809 (1991). [CrossRef]
IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. Kolesik and J. V. Moloney, “Time-Domain Vertical-External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser Simulation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(7), 588–596 (2007). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, D. J. Derickson, and J. E. Bowers, “Analysis of laser pulse chirping in mode-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(5), 1309–1318 (1993). [CrossRef]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Corzing, R. S. Geels, J. W. Scott, R. H. Yan, and L. A. Coldren, “Design of Fabry-Perot surface-emitting lasers with a periodic gain structure,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1513–1524 (1989). [CrossRef]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. P. Ausschnitt, R. K. Jain, and J. P. Heritage, “Cavity length detuning characteristics of the synchronously mode-locked CW dye laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 15(9), 912–917 (1979). [CrossRef]
- C. H. Henry, “Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 259–264 (1982). [CrossRef]
IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
J. Phys. D Appl. Phys.
- A. C. Tropper, H. D. Foreman, A. Garnache, K. G. Wilcox, and S. H. Hoogland, “Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 37(9), R75–R85 (2004). [CrossRef]
Opt. Express
- W. Zhang, T. Ackemann, M. Schmid, N. Langford, and A. I. Ferguson, “Femtosecond synchronously mode-locked vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Opt. Express 14(5), 1810–1821 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
- W. H. Xiang, S. R. Friberg, K. Watanabe, S. Machida, W. B. Jiang, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “Femtosecond external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple-quantum-well laser,” Opt. Lett. 16(18), 1394–1396 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. G. Wilcox, Z. Mihoubi, G. J. Daniell, S. Elsmere, A. Quarterman, I. Farrer, D. A. Ritchie, and A. Tropper, “Ultrafast optical Stark mode-locked semiconductor laser,” Opt. Lett. 33(23), 2797–2799 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Aschwanden, D. Lorenser, H. J. Unold, R. Paschotta, E. Gini, and U. Keller, “2.1-W picosecond passively mode-locked external-cavity semiconductor laser,” Opt. Lett. 30(3), 272–274 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. P. A. Malcolm and A. I. Ferguson, “Synchronously pumped continuous-wave dye laser pumped by a mode-locked frequency-doubled diode-pumped Nd:YLF laser,” Opt. Lett. 16(11), 814–816 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics
- U. Morgner and F. Mitschke, “Drift instabilities in the pulses from cw mode-locked lasers,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 58(1), 187–192 (1998). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
- A. Zumbusch, G. R. Holtom, and X. S. Xie, “Three-dimentional vibrational imaging by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 82(20), 4142–4145 (1999). [CrossRef]
Science
- W. Denk, J. H. Strickler, and W. W. Webb, “Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy,” Science 248(4951), 73–76 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2008, Wilcox, Opt. Lett.
- M. Kolesik and J. V. Moloney, “Time-Domain Vertical-External-Cavity Semiconductor Laser Simulation,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(7), 588–596 (2007). [CrossRef]
- S. J. McGinily, R. H. Abram, K. S. Gardner, E. Riis, A. I. Ferguson, and J. S. Roberts, “Novel gain medium design for short-wavelength vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 43(6), 445–450 (2007). [CrossRef]
- D. Lorenser, D. J. H. C. Maas, H. J. Unold, A. R. Bellancourt, B. Rudin, E. Gini, D. Ebling, and U. Keller, “50-GHz passively modelocked surface-emitting semiconductor laser with 100 mW average output power,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 42(8), 838–847 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. C. Tropper, H. D. Foreman, A. Garnache, K. G. Wilcox, and S. H. Hoogland, “Vertical-external-cavity semiconductor lasers,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys. 37(9), R75–R85 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. Schmid, S. Benchabane, F. Torabi-Goudarzi, R. Abram, A. I. Ferguson, and E. Riis, “Optical in-well pumping of a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 84(24), 4860–4862 (2004). [CrossRef]
- G. McConnell and E. Riis, “Ultra-short pulse compression using photonic crystal fibre,” Appl. Phys. B 78(5), 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Zakharian, J. Hader, J. V. Moloney, S. W. Koch, P. Brick, and S. Lutgen, “Experimental and theoretical analysis of optically pumped semiconductor disk lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 83(7), 1313–1315 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. Zumbusch, G. R. Holtom, and X. S. Xie, “Three-dimentional vibrational imaging by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 82(20), 4142–4145 (1999). [CrossRef]
- U. Morgner and F. Mitschke, “Drift instabilities in the pulses from cw mode-locked lasers,” Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 58(1), 187–192 (1998). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, D. J. Derickson, and J. E. Bowers, “Analysis of laser pulse chirping in mode-locked vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(5), 1309–1318 (1993). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, R. Mirin, and J. E. Bowers, “Mode-locked GaAs vertical cavity surface emitting lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 60(6), 677–679 (1992). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Jiang, S. R. Friberg, H. Iwamura, and Y. Yamamoto, “High powers and subpicosecond pulses from an external-cavity surface-emitting InGaAs/InP multiple quantum well laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 58(8), 807–809 (1991). [CrossRef]
- W. Denk, J. H. Strickler, and W. W. Webb, “Two-photon laser scanning fluorescence microscopy,” Science 248(4951), 73–76 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Y. A. Raja, S. R. J. Brueck, M. Osinsky, C. F. Schaus, J. G. McInerney, T. M. Brennan, and B. E. Hammons, “Resonant periodic gain surface-emitting semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1500–1512 (1989). [CrossRef]
- S. W. Corzing, R. S. Geels, J. W. Scott, R. H. Yan, and L. A. Coldren, “Design of Fabry-Perot surface-emitting lasers with a periodic gain structure,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25(6), 1513–1524 (1989). [CrossRef]
- C. H. Henry, “Theory of the linewidth of semiconductor lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(2), 259–264 (1982). [CrossRef]
- C. P. Ausschnitt, R. K. Jain, and J. P. Heritage, “Cavity length detuning characteristics of the synchronously mode-locked CW dye laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 15(9), 912–917 (1979). [CrossRef]
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