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ITO-free large-area organic solar cells

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Abstract

We report on large-area pentacene / C60 organic solar cells in which indium-tin-oxide (ITO) is replaced with a conductive polymer electrode and a 5 μm-thick metal grid is used to reduce resistive power losses. The performance of cells with the polymer electrode was compared with that of pentacene / C60 devices using ITO as the transparent electrode. For large-area devices (7.3 cm2) on glass substrates with an integrated metal grid, the performance of a device with the polymer electrode is comparable to that of a device with an ITO electrode combined with a grid.

©2010 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)

Fig. 1
Fig. 1 Device geometry of ITO-free small-area OPV device (0.1 cm2) without a grid.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2 ITO-free large-area device (7.3 cm2) with a grid. The grid was composed of two metal layers: sputtered Au (100 nm) and electroplated Cu (5 µm). The thin Au grid connects the PEDOT:PSS electrode to the thick Cu grid. (Media 1)
Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Complete device. Electroplated thick Cu grid is passivated with photoresist to prevent any electrical shorts with the top Al electrode.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Optical transmission spectra for 136-nm-thick ITO (solid line) and 134-nm-thick film of PEDOT:PSS (dashed line, Clevios PH1000) on glass substrates.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5 (a) Experimental J-V characteristics of the small-area devices (~0.1 cm2) without a grid and (b) the large-area devices (~7 cm2) with and without a grid in the dark and under illumination with either an ITO or PEDOT:PSS hole selective electrode. Inset: EQE for the small-area devices. Solid lines represent devices with a PEDOT:PSS anode while symbols represent devices with an ITO anode.

Tables (1)

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Table 1 Summary of the photovoltaic parameters measured in solar cells with different areas and geometry. Measured R S A is extracted from the inverse slope of the forward characteristics in Fig. 5. Small cells (0.13 and 0.12 cm2) have one contact while large-area cells (7 and 7.3 cm2) have two contacts on both ends. L is the device length and s is the grid space. Illumination was 96 mW/cm2. Average values and standard deviations were based on measurements of 5 devices.

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