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Two-dimensional angular transmission characterization of CPV modules

R. Herrero, C. Domínguez, S. Askins, I Antón, and G. Sala

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

This paper proposes a fast method to characterize the two-dimensional angular transmission function of a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) system. The so-called inverse method, which has been used in the past for the characterization of small optical components, has been adapted to large-area CPV modules. In the inverse method, the receiver cell is forward biased to produce a Lambertian light emission, which reveals the reverse optical path of the optics. Using a large-area collimator mirror, the light beam exiting the optics is projected on a Lambertian screen to create a spatially resolved image of the angular transmission function. An image is then obtained using a CCD camera. To validate this method, the angular transmission functions of a real CPV module have been measured by both direct illumination (flash CPV simulator and sunlight) and the inverse method, and the comparison shows good agreement.

©2010 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 The one dimensional angular transmission function TSun(α) is measured when the Sun follows a path contained in a meridian plane of the CPV optical system. Each one-dimensional angular transmission curve TSun(α) for a given light source path corresponds to an intersection of a plane with the two-dimensional angular transmission TSun(ϕ,θ) .

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 The angular transmission function TSimulator(α) is calculated using a solar simulator. Pmp values are recorded for different positions of the module when varying the angle α.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Measurement diagram of the luminescence inverse method to calculate the two-dimensional angular transmission curve T(ϕ,θ) of a CPV module by electro-luminescence. The projected image is related to the impulse-response transmission curve H(ϕ,θ) of the CPV system.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 The angular transmission function is defined as the convolution of the impulse response transmission function of the CPV module and a given light source distribution.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Lens-cell unit angular transmission curve: solar simulator and the luminescence inverse method (680 and 890 nm).

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Lens-cell unit angular transmission curve: real Sun and the luminescence inverse method (680 and 890 nm).

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Equations (5)

Equations on this page are rendered with MathJax. Learn more.

T ( α ) = T( φ 1 , θ )
T( φ , θ )=H( φ , θ ) ⊗ S( φ , θ ) 
T ( φ , θ ) Sun = H ( φ , θ )  ⊗  S( φ , θ ) Sun → T ( α ) Sun =T ( φ 1 , θ ) Sun
T ( φ , θ ) Simulator = H ( φ , θ )  ⊗  S( φ , θ ) Simulator → T ( α ) Simulator =T ( φ 1 , θ ) Simulator
H scattered ( φ , θ )=H( φ , θ ) ⊗ H M i r r o r ( φ , θ )   
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