Direct light-coupling to thin-film waveguides using a grating-structured GRIN lens

doi:10.1364/OE.18.019860

Direct light-coupling to thin-film waveguides using a grating-structured GRIN lens

Thomas Fricke-Begemann and Jürgen Ihlemann »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 19, pp. 19860-19866 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.019860

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Abstract
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References (13)
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Abstract

We present a novel coupling scheme using a collimating gradient-index (GRIN) element provided with a high frequency grating to couple light from a single mode optical fiber directly to planar thin-film waveguides. The waveguide devices are used, for example, for an efficient fluorescence excitation in biosensor applications. The external coupler can be multiply reused and supersedes the conventional internal gratings. FEM simulations and experimental results show that the new technique can provide similar coupling efficiencies as common internal grating couplers.

OCIS Codes
(230.7390) Optical devices : Waveguides, planar
(350.2770) Other areas of optics : Gratings
(280.1415) Remote sensing and sensors : Biological sensing and sensors

ToC Category:
Optical Devices

History
Original Manuscript: June 23, 2010
Revised Manuscript: August 3, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: August 5, 2010
Published: September 2, 2010

Virtual Issues
Vol. 5, Iss. 13 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics

Citation
Thomas Fricke-Begemann and Jürgen Ihlemann, "Direct light-coupling to thin-film waveguides using a grating-structured GRIN lens," Opt. Express 18, 19860-19866 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-19-19860

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References

K. Schmitt, K. Oehse, G. Sulz, and C. Hoffmann, “Evanescent field sensors based on tantalum pentoxide waveguides - a review,” Sensors 8(2), 711–738 (2008). [CrossRef]
G. L. Duveneck, M. Pawlak, D. Neuschäfer, E. Bär, W. Budach, U. Pieles, and M. Ehrat, “Novel bioaffinity sensors for trace analysis based on luminescence excitation by planar waveguides,” Sens. Actuators B Chem. 38(1-3), 88–95 (1997). [CrossRef]
G. L. Duveneck, A. P. Abel, M. A. Bopp, G. M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultrahigh sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469(1), 49–61 (2002). [CrossRef]
M. L. Dakss, L. Kuhn, P. F. Heidrich, and B. A. Scott, “Grating couplers for efficient excitation of optical guided waves in thin films,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 16(12), 523–525 (1970). [CrossRef]
Ch. Fattinger, “The bidiffractive grating coupler,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 62(13), 1460–1462 (1993). [CrossRef]
W. Lukosz and K. Tiefenthaler, “Embossing technique for fabricating integrated optical components in hard inorganic waveguiding materials,” Opt. Lett. 8(10), 537–539 (1983). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. Beinhorn, J. Ihlemann, P. Simon, G. Marowsky, B. Maisenhölder, J. Edlinger, D. Neuschäfer, and D. Anselmetti, “Sub-micron grating formation in Ta2O5 waveguides by femtosecond UV-laser ablation,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 138-139(1-2), 107–110 (1999). [CrossRef]
S. Pissadakis, M. N. Zervas, L. Reekie, and J. S. Wilkinson, “High-reflectivity Bragg gratings fabricated by 248-nm excimer laser holographic ablation in thin Ta2O5 films overlaid on glass waveguides,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 79(4-6), 1093–1096 (2004).
A. Kocabas, F. Ay, A. Dâna, and A. Aydinli, “An elastomeric grating coupler,” J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt. 8(1), 85–87 (2006). [CrossRef]
D. Pascal, R. Orobtchouk, A. Layadi, A. Koster, and S. Laval, “Optimized coupling of a Gaussian beam into an optical waveguide with a grating coupler: comparison of experimental and theoretical results,” Appl. Opt. 36(12), 2443–2447 (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. R. Herman, “F2-Laser Microfabrication for Photonics and Biophotonics,” in Excimer Laser Technology, D. Basting and G. Marowsky, eds., (Springer, Berlin, 2005), chap. 13.
M. Wiesner, J. Ihlemann, H. H. Müller, E. Lankenau, and G. Hüttmann, “Optical coherence tomography for process control of laser micromachining,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81(3), 033705 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Ulrich, “Efficiency of optical-grating couplers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 63(11), 1419–1431 (1973). [CrossRef]

Abel, A. P.
Anselmetti, D.
Ay, F.
Aydinli, A.
Bär, E.
Beinhorn, F.
Bopp, M. A.
Budach, W.
Dakss, M. L.
Dâna, A.
Duveneck, G. L.
Edlinger, J.
Ehrat, M.
Fattinger, Ch.
Heidrich, P. F.
Hoffmann, C.
Hüttmann, G.
Ihlemann, J.
Kocabas, A.
Koster, A.
Kresbach, G. M.
Kuhn, L.
Lankenau, E.
Laval, S.
Layadi, A.
Lukosz, W.
Maisenhölder, B.
Marowsky, G.
Müller, H. H.
Neuschäfer, D.
Oehse, K.
Orobtchouk, R.
Pascal, D.
Pawlak, M.
Pieles, U.
Pissadakis, S.
Reekie, L.
Schmitt, K.
Scott, B. A.
Simon, P.
Sulz, G.
Tiefenthaler, K.
Ulrich, R.
Wiesner, M.
Wilkinson, J. S.
Zervas, M. N.

Anal. Chim. Acta

G. L. Duveneck, A. P. Abel, M. A. Bopp, G. M. Kresbach, and M. Ehrat, “Planar waveguides for ultrahigh sensitivity of the analysis of nucleic acids,” Anal. Chim. Acta 469(1), 49–61 (2002). [CrossRef]

Appl. Opt.

D. Pascal, R. Orobtchouk, A. Layadi, A. Koster, and S. Laval, “Optimized coupling of a Gaussian beam into an optical waveguide with a grating coupler: comparison of experimental and theoretical results,” Appl. Opt. 36(12), 2443–2447 (1997). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

M. L. Dakss, L. Kuhn, P. F. Heidrich, and B. A. Scott, “Grating couplers for efficient excitation of optical guided waves in thin films,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 16(12), 523–525 (1970). [CrossRef]
Ch. Fattinger, “The bidiffractive grating coupler,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 62(13), 1460–1462 (1993). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.

S. Pissadakis, M. N. Zervas, L. Reekie, and J. S. Wilkinson, “High-reflectivity Bragg gratings fabricated by 248-nm excimer laser holographic ablation in thin Ta2O5 films overlaid on glass waveguides,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process. 79(4-6), 1093–1096 (2004).

Appl. Surf. Sci.

F. Beinhorn, J. Ihlemann, P. Simon, G. Marowsky, B. Maisenhölder, J. Edlinger, D. Neuschäfer, and D. Anselmetti, “Sub-micron grating formation in Ta2O5 waveguides by femtosecond UV-laser ablation,” Appl. Surf. Sci. 138-139(1-2), 107–110 (1999). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt.

A. Kocabas, F. Ay, A. Dâna, and A. Aydinli, “An elastomeric grating coupler,” J. Opt. A, Pure Appl. Opt. 8(1), 85–87 (2006). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am.

R. Ulrich, “Efficiency of optical-grating couplers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 63(11), 1419–1431 (1973). [CrossRef]

Opt. Lett.

W. Lukosz and K. Tiefenthaler, “Embossing technique for fabricating integrated optical components in hard inorganic waveguiding materials,” Opt. Lett. 8(10), 537–539 (1983). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Rev. Sci. Instrum.

M. Wiesner, J. Ihlemann, H. H. Müller, E. Lankenau, and G. Hüttmann, “Optical coherence tomography for process control of laser micromachining,” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 81(3), 033705 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Sens. Actuators B Chem.

G. L. Duveneck, M. Pawlak, D. Neuschäfer, E. Bär, W. Budach, U. Pieles, and M. Ehrat, “Novel bioaffinity sensors for trace analysis based on luminescence excitation by planar waveguides,” Sens. Actuators B Chem. 38(1-3), 88–95 (1997). [CrossRef]

Sensors

K. Schmitt, K. Oehse, G. Sulz, and C. Hoffmann, “Evanescent field sensors based on tantalum pentoxide waveguides - a review,” Sensors 8(2), 711–738 (2008). [CrossRef]

Other

P. R. Herman, “F2-Laser Microfabrication for Photonics and Biophotonics,” in Excimer Laser Technology, D. Basting and G. Marowsky, eds., (Springer, Berlin, 2005), chap. 13.

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