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Intense high-quality medical proton beams via laser fieldsBenjamin J. Galow, Zoltán Harman, and Christoph H. Keitel »View Author Affiliations
Benjamin J. Galow,1
Zoltán Harman,1,2,*
and Christoph H. Keitel1
1Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, D-69029 Heidelberg, Germany 2ExtreMe Matter Institute EMMI, Planckstrasse 1, 64291 Darmstadt, Germany *Corresponding author: harman@mpi-hd.mpg.de |
Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 25, pp. 25950-25957 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.025950
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Abstract
Simulations based on the coupled relativistic equations of motion show that protons stemming from laser-plasma processes can be efficiently post-accelerated employing single and crossed pulsed laser beams focused to spot radii on the order of the laser wavelength. We demonstrate that the crossed beams produce quasi-monoenergetic accelerated protons with kinetic energies exceeding 200 MeV, small energy spreads of about 1% and high densities as required for hadron cancer therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first scheme allowing for this important application based on an all-optical set-up.
© 2010 Optical Society of America
OCIS Codes
(260.1960) Physical optics : Diffraction theory
(260.2110) Physical optics : Electromagnetic optics
(350.5400) Other areas of optics : Plasmas
ToC Category:
Physical Optics
History
Original Manuscript: October 26, 2010
Revised Manuscript: November 17, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: November 18, 2010
Published: November 26, 2010
Citation
Benjamin J. Galow, Zoltán Harman, and Christoph H. Keitel, "Intense high-quality medical proton beams via laser fields," Opt. Express 18, 25950-25957 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-25-25950
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References
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- J. X. Wang, Y. K. Ho, L. Feng, Q. Kong, P. X. Wang, Z. S. Yuan, and W. Scheid, "High-intensity laser-induced electron acceleration in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 60, 7473-7478 (1999). [CrossRef]
- V. Malka, S. Fritzler, E. Lefebvre, M.-M. Aleonard, F. Burgy, J.-P. Chambaret, J.-F. Chemin, K. Krushelnick, G. Malka, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, M. Pittman, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-N. Scheurer, B. Walton, and A. E. Dangor, "Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse," Science 298, 1596-1600 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Fuchs, P. Antici, E. d’Humières, E. Lefebvre, M. Borghesi, E. Brambrink, C. A. Cecchetti, M. Kaluza, V. Malka, M. Manclossi, S. Meyroneinc, P. Mora, J. Schreiber, T. Toncian, H. Pépin, and P. Audebert, "Laser-driven proton scaling laws and new paths towards energy increase," Nat. Phys. 2, 48-54 (2006). [CrossRef]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- E. Gerstner, "Laser physics: extreme light," Nature 446, 16-18 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. M. Haaland, "Laser electron acceleration in vacuum," Opt. Commun. 114, 280-284 (1995). [CrossRef]
- S. E. Combs, A. Nikoghosyan, O. Jäkel, C. P. Karger, T. Haberer, M. W. Münter, P. E. Huber, J. Debus, and D. Schulz-Ertner, "Carbon ion radiotherapy for pediatric patients and young adults treated for tumors of the skull base," Cancer 115, 1348-1355 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. I. Salamin, Z. Harman, and C. H. Keitel, "Direct high-power laser acceleration of ions for medical applications," Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 155004 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- Z. Yan, Y. K. Ho, P. X. Wang, J. F. Hua, Z. Chen, and L. Wu, "Accurate description of ultra-short tightly focused Gaussian laser pulses and vacuum laser acceleration," Appl. Phys. B 81, 813-819 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. X. Wang, Y. K. Ho, L. Feng, Q. Kong, P. X. Wang, Z. S. Yuan, and W. Scheid, "High-intensity laser-induced electron acceleration in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 60, 7473-7478 (1999). [CrossRef]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- Z. Yan, Y. K. Ho, P. X. Wang, J. F. Hua, Z. Chen, and L. Wu, "Accurate description of ultra-short tightly focused Gaussian laser pulses and vacuum laser acceleration," Appl. Phys. B 81, 813-819 (2005). [CrossRef]
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- H. Schwoerer, S. Pfotenhauer, O. Jäkel, K.-U. Amthor, B. Liesfeld, W. Ziegler, R. Sauerbrey, K. W. D. Ledingham, and T. Esirkepov, "Laser-plasma acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic protons from microstructured targets," Nature 439, 445-448 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
- X. Jaén, J. Llosa, and A. Molina, "A reduction of order two for infinite-order Lagrangians," Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields 34, 2302-2311 (1986). [CrossRef]
- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- V. Malka, S. Fritzler, E. Lefebvre, M.-M. Aleonard, F. Burgy, J.-P. Chambaret, J.-F. Chemin, K. Krushelnick, G. Malka, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, M. Pittman, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-N. Scheurer, B. Walton, and A. E. Dangor, "Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse," Science 298, 1596-1600 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Fuchs, P. Antici, E. d’Humières, E. Lefebvre, M. Borghesi, E. Brambrink, C. A. Cecchetti, M. Kaluza, V. Malka, M. Manclossi, S. Meyroneinc, P. Mora, J. Schreiber, T. Toncian, H. Pépin, and P. Audebert, "Laser-driven proton scaling laws and new paths towards energy increase," Nat. Phys. 2, 48-54 (2006). [CrossRef]
- V. Malka, S. Fritzler, E. Lefebvre, M.-M. Aleonard, F. Burgy, J.-P. Chambaret, J.-F. Chemin, K. Krushelnick, G. Malka, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, M. Pittman, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-N. Scheurer, B. Walton, and A. E. Dangor, "Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse," Science 298, 1596-1600 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- K. W. D. Ledingham, P. McKenna, and R. P. Singhal, "Applications for nuclear phenomena generated by ultra intense lasers," Science 300, 1107-1111 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Fuchs, P. Antici, E. d’Humières, E. Lefebvre, M. Borghesi, E. Brambrink, C. A. Cecchetti, M. Kaluza, V. Malka, M. Manclossi, S. Meyroneinc, P. Mora, J. Schreiber, T. Toncian, H. Pépin, and P. Audebert, "Laser-driven proton scaling laws and new paths towards energy increase," Nat. Phys. 2, 48-54 (2006). [CrossRef]
- X. Jaén, J. Llosa, and A. Molina, "A reduction of order two for infinite-order Lagrangians," Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields 34, 2302-2311 (1986). [CrossRef]
- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- S. E. Combs, A. Nikoghosyan, O. Jäkel, C. P. Karger, T. Haberer, M. W. Münter, P. E. Huber, J. Debus, and D. Schulz-Ertner, "Carbon ion radiotherapy for pediatric patients and young adults treated for tumors of the skull base," Cancer 115, 1348-1355 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. Malka, S. Fritzler, E. Lefebvre, M.-M. Aleonard, F. Burgy, J.-P. Chambaret, J.-F. Chemin, K. Krushelnick, G. Malka, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, M. Pittman, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-N. Scheurer, B. Walton, and A. E. Dangor, "Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse," Science 298, 1596-1600 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
- S. E. Combs, A. Nikoghosyan, O. Jäkel, C. P. Karger, T. Haberer, M. W. Münter, P. E. Huber, J. Debus, and D. Schulz-Ertner, "Carbon ion radiotherapy for pediatric patients and young adults treated for tumors of the skull base," Cancer 115, 1348-1355 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- Y. I. Salamin, and C. H. Keitel, "Subcycle high electron acceleration by crossed laser beams," Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 1082-1084 (2000). [CrossRef]
- H. Schwoerer, S. Pfotenhauer, O. Jäkel, K.-U. Amthor, B. Liesfeld, W. Ziegler, R. Sauerbrey, K. W. D. Ledingham, and T. Esirkepov, "Laser-plasma acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic protons from microstructured targets," Nature 439, 445-448 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Fuchs, P. Antici, E. d’Humières, E. Lefebvre, M. Borghesi, E. Brambrink, C. A. Cecchetti, M. Kaluza, V. Malka, M. Manclossi, S. Meyroneinc, P. Mora, J. Schreiber, T. Toncian, H. Pépin, and P. Audebert, "Laser-driven proton scaling laws and new paths towards energy increase," Nat. Phys. 2, 48-54 (2006). [CrossRef]
- S. E. Combs, A. Nikoghosyan, O. Jäkel, C. P. Karger, T. Haberer, M. W. Münter, P. E. Huber, J. Debus, and D. Schulz-Ertner, "Carbon ion radiotherapy for pediatric patients and young adults treated for tumors of the skull base," Cancer 115, 1348-1355 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Schwoerer, S. Pfotenhauer, O. Jäkel, K.-U. Amthor, B. Liesfeld, W. Ziegler, R. Sauerbrey, K. W. D. Ledingham, and T. Esirkepov, "Laser-plasma acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic protons from microstructured targets," Nature 439, 445-448 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
- K. W. D. Ledingham, P. McKenna, and R. P. Singhal, "Applications for nuclear phenomena generated by ultra intense lasers," Science 300, 1107-1111 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- V. Malka, S. Fritzler, E. Lefebvre, M.-M. Aleonard, F. Burgy, J.-P. Chambaret, J.-F. Chemin, K. Krushelnick, G. Malka, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, M. Pittman, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-N. Scheurer, B. Walton, and A. E. Dangor, "Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse," Science 298, 1596-1600 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- J. X. Wang, Y. K. Ho, L. Feng, Q. Kong, P. X. Wang, Z. S. Yuan, and W. Scheid, "High-intensity laser-induced electron acceleration in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 60, 7473-7478 (1999). [CrossRef]
- Z. Yan, Y. K. Ho, P. X. Wang, J. F. Hua, Z. Chen, and L. Wu, "Accurate description of ultra-short tightly focused Gaussian laser pulses and vacuum laser acceleration," Appl. Phys. B 81, 813-819 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. X. Wang, Y. K. Ho, L. Feng, Q. Kong, P. X. Wang, Z. S. Yuan, and W. Scheid, "High-intensity laser-induced electron acceleration in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 60, 7473-7478 (1999). [CrossRef]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- J. A. van Kan, A. A. Bettiol, and F. Watt, "Three-dimensional nanolithography using proton beam writing," Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1629-1631 (2003). [CrossRef]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Yan, Y. K. Ho, P. X. Wang, J. F. Hua, Z. Chen, and L. Wu, "Accurate description of ultra-short tightly focused Gaussian laser pulses and vacuum laser acceleration," Appl. Phys. B 81, 813-819 (2005). [CrossRef]
- Z. Yan, Y. K. Ho, P. X. Wang, J. F. Hua, Z. Chen, and L. Wu, "Accurate description of ultra-short tightly focused Gaussian laser pulses and vacuum laser acceleration," Appl. Phys. B 81, 813-819 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. X. Wang, Y. K. Ho, L. Feng, Q. Kong, P. X. Wang, Z. S. Yuan, and W. Scheid, "High-intensity laser-induced electron acceleration in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 60, 7473-7478 (1999). [CrossRef]
- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- G. V. Stupakov, and M. S. Zolotorev, "Ponderomotive laser acceleration and focusing in vacuum for generation of attosecond electron bunches," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5274-5277 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Phys. B
- Y. I. Salamin, "Fields of a Gaussian beam beyond paraxial approximation," Appl. Phys. B 86, 319-326 (2007). [CrossRef]
- Z. Yan, Y. K. Ho, P. X. Wang, J. F. Hua, Z. Chen, and L. Wu, "Accurate description of ultra-short tightly focused Gaussian laser pulses and vacuum laser acceleration," Appl. Phys. B 81, 813-819 (2005). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- J. A. van Kan, A. A. Bettiol, and F. Watt, "Three-dimensional nanolithography using proton beam writing," Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1629-1631 (2003). [CrossRef]
- Y. I. Salamin, and C. H. Keitel, "Subcycle high electron acceleration by crossed laser beams," Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 1082-1084 (2000). [CrossRef]
Cancer
- S. E. Combs, A. Nikoghosyan, O. Jäkel, C. P. Karger, T. Haberer, M. W. Münter, P. E. Huber, J. Debus, and D. Schulz-Ertner, "Carbon ion radiotherapy for pediatric patients and young adults treated for tumors of the skull base," Cancer 115, 1348-1355 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nat. Phys.
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- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
Nature
- H. Schwoerer, S. Pfotenhauer, O. Jäkel, K.-U. Amthor, B. Liesfeld, W. Ziegler, R. Sauerbrey, K. W. D. Ledingham, and T. Esirkepov, "Laser-plasma acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic protons from microstructured targets," Nature 439, 445-448 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Gerstner, "Laser physics: extreme light," Nature 446, 16-18 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Commun.
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Opt. Lett.
- S.-W. Bahk, P. Rousseau, T. A. Planchon, V. Chvykov, G. Kalintchenko, A. Maksimchuk, G. A. Mourou, and V. Yanovsky, "Generation and characterization of the highest laser intensities (1022 W/cm2)," Opt. Lett. 29, 2837-2839 (2004). [CrossRef]
Opto-Electron. Review
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Phys. Med. Biol.
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Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields
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Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics
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- E. Esarey, P. Sprangle, and J. Krall, "Laser acceleration of electrons in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 52, 5443-5453 (1995). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. I. Salamin, Z. Harman, and C. H. Keitel, "Direct high-power laser acceleration of ions for medical applications," Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 155004 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. V. Stupakov, and M. S. Zolotorev, "Ponderomotive laser acceleration and focusing in vacuum for generation of attosecond electron bunches," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5274-5277 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Science
- M. Dunne, "Laser-driven particle accelerators," Science 312, 374-376 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. Malka, S. Fritzler, E. Lefebvre, M.-M. Aleonard, F. Burgy, J.-P. Chambaret, J.-F. Chemin, K. Krushelnick, G. Malka, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, M. Pittman, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-N. Scheurer, B. Walton, and A. E. Dangor, "Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse," Science 298, 1596-1600 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. W. D. Ledingham, P. McKenna, and R. P. Singhal, "Applications for nuclear phenomena generated by ultra intense lasers," Science 300, 1107-1111 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
The Review of Laser Engineering
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
Other
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2009, Combs, Cancer
- S. E. Combs, A. Nikoghosyan, O. Jäkel, C. P. Karger, T. Haberer, M. W. Münter, P. E. Huber, J. Debus, and D. Schulz-Ertner, "Carbon ion radiotherapy for pediatric patients and young adults treated for tumors of the skull base," Cancer 115, 1348-1355 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Major, S. Trushin, I. Ahmad, M. Siebold, C. Wandt, S. Klingebiel, T.-J. Wang, J. A. Fülöp, A. Henig, S. Kruber, R. Weingartner, A. Popp, J. Osterhoff, R. Hörlein, J. Hein, V. Pervak, A. Apolonski, F. Krausz, and S. Karsch, "Basic concepts and current status of the petawatt field synthesizer - a new approach to ultrahigh field generation," The Review of Laser Engineering 37, 431-436 (2009).
- Y. I. Salamin, Z. Harman, and C. H. Keitel, "Direct high-power laser acceleration of ions for medical applications," Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 155004 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Gerstner, "Laser physics: extreme light," Nature 446, 16-18 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. I. Salamin, "Fields of a Gaussian beam beyond paraxial approximation," Appl. Phys. B 86, 319-326 (2007). [CrossRef]
- L. Robson, P. T. Simpson, R. J. Clarke, K. W. D. Ledingham, F. Lindau, O. Lundh, T. McCanny, P. Mora, D. Neely, C.-G. Wahlström, M. Zepf, and P. McKenna, "Scaling of proton acceleration driven by petawatt-laserplasma interactions," Nat. Phys. 3, 58-62 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Badziak, "Laser-driven generation of fast particles," Opto-Electron. Review 15, 1-12 (2007). [CrossRef]
- M. Dunne, "Laser-driven particle accelerators," Science 312, 374-376 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Schwoerer, S. Pfotenhauer, O. Jäkel, K.-U. Amthor, B. Liesfeld, W. Ziegler, R. Sauerbrey, K. W. D. Ledingham, and T. Esirkepov, "Laser-plasma acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic protons from microstructured targets," Nature 439, 445-448 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Fuchs, P. Antici, E. d’Humières, E. Lefebvre, M. Borghesi, E. Brambrink, C. A. Cecchetti, M. Kaluza, V. Malka, M. Manclossi, S. Meyroneinc, P. Mora, J. Schreiber, T. Toncian, H. Pépin, and P. Audebert, "Laser-driven proton scaling laws and new paths towards energy increase," Nat. Phys. 2, 48-54 (2006). [CrossRef]
- Z. Yan, Y. K. Ho, P. X. Wang, J. F. Hua, Z. Chen, and L. Wu, "Accurate description of ultra-short tightly focused Gaussian laser pulses and vacuum laser acceleration," Appl. Phys. B 81, 813-819 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J. A. van Kan, A. A. Bettiol, and F. Watt, "Three-dimensional nanolithography using proton beam writing," Appl. Phys. Lett. 83, 1629-1631 (2003). [CrossRef]
- K. W. D. Ledingham, P. McKenna, and R. P. Singhal, "Applications for nuclear phenomena generated by ultra intense lasers," Science 300, 1107-1111 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- V. Malka, S. Fritzler, E. Lefebvre, M.-M. Aleonard, F. Burgy, J.-P. Chambaret, J.-F. Chemin, K. Krushelnick, G. Malka, S. P. D. Mangles, Z. Najmudin, M. Pittman, J.-P. Rousseau, J.-N. Scheurer, B. Walton, and A. E. Dangor, "Electron acceleration by a wake field forced by an intense ultrashort laser pulse," Science 298, 1596-1600 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- O. Jäkel, M. Krämer, C. P. Karger, and J. Debus, "Treatment planning for heavy ion radiotherapy: clinical implementation and application," Phys. Med. Biol. 46, 1101-1116 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. J. Mackinnon, M. Borghesi, S. Hatchett, M. H. Key, P. K. Patel, H. Campbell, A. Schiavi, R. Snavely, S. C. Wilks, and O. Willi, "Effect of plasma scale length on multi-MeV proton production by intense laser pulses," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1769-1772 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. V. Stupakov, and M. S. Zolotorev, "Ponderomotive laser acceleration and focusing in vacuum for generation of attosecond electron bunches," Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5274-5277 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. I. Salamin, and C. H. Keitel, "Subcycle high electron acceleration by crossed laser beams," Appl. Phys. Lett. 77, 1082-1084 (2000). [CrossRef]
- J. X. Wang, Y. K. Ho, L. Feng, Q. Kong, P. X. Wang, Z. S. Yuan, and W. Scheid, "High-intensity laser-induced electron acceleration in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 60, 7473-7478 (1999). [CrossRef]
- C. M. Haaland, "Laser electron acceleration in vacuum," Opt. Commun. 114, 280-284 (1995). [CrossRef]
- E. Esarey, P. Sprangle, and J. Krall, "Laser acceleration of electrons in vacuum," Phys. Rev. E Stat. Phys. Plasmas Fluids Relat. Interdiscip. Topics 52, 5443-5453 (1995). [CrossRef]
- X. Jaén, J. Llosa, and A. Molina, "A reduction of order two for infinite-order Lagrangians," Phys. Rev. D Part. Fields 34, 2302-2311 (1986). [CrossRef]
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