We propose an in-line monitoring technique that uses 650 nm visible light for performing maintenance work on Fiber-to-the-home (FTTH) network quickly without the need for measuring skills or external devices. This technique is characterized by visible light (650 nm) generated by an SHG module from the 1.3 μm-band line signal. We fabricate a 1.3 μm-band quasi phase matched LiNbO₃ (QPM-LN) module, and the measure the 650 nm second harmonic (SH) power to test the proposed short-pulse modulation method. The results confirm the feasibility of the short-pulse modulation method with different peak factors (PFs) (1.0-7.3). We also examine the effect of short-pulse modulation on system performance at the optical receiver by measuring the bit error rate (BER) of received data (1.25 Gb/s). The BER is basically unaffected by the PF (1.0-5.5). This means that the proposed technique has little influence on data reception as regards PF (1.0-5.5).

© 2010 OSA

1. A. Natsume, K. Suzuki, and Y. Kozawa, “Fiber Identification Technique for Bending Insensitive Optical Fiber,” The International Wire & Cable Symposium, 359–362 (2007).
2. D. C. Kilper, R. Bach, D. J. Blumenthal, D. Einstein, T. Landolsi, L. Ostar, M. Preiss, and A. E. Willner, “Optical Performance Monitoring,” J. Lightwave Technol. 22(1), 294–304 (2004). [CrossRef]
3. J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, and D. M. Atkin, “All-silica single-mode optical fiber with photonic crystal cladding,” Opt. Lett. 21(19), 1547–1549 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. K. Nakajima, K. Hogari, J. Zhou, K. Tajima, and I. Sankawa, “Hole-Assisted Fiber Design for Small Bending and Splice Losses,” Photon. Technol. Lett. 15(12), 1737–1739 (2003). [CrossRef]
5. ITU-T Recommendation G983 series.
6. T. Kubo, T. Taniguchi, O. Tadanaga, N. Sakurai, H. Kimura, K. Kumozaki, and M. Asobe, “In-Line Monitoring Technique with Visible Light for Optical Access Systems by Using 1.3 μm-Band QPM-LN Module,” The 14th OptoElectronics and Communication Conference, WH5 (2009).
7. Y. Nishida, H. Miyazawa, M. Asobe, O. Tadanaga, and H. Suzuki, “Direct-bonded QPM-LN Ridge Waveguide with High Damage Resistance at Room Temperature,” Electron. Lett. 39(7), 609–611 (2003). [CrossRef]
8. K. Yamamoto, K. Mizuuchi, and T. Taniuchi, “Quasi-Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation in a LiTaO3 Waveguide,” J. Quantum Electron. 28(9), 1909–1914 (1992). [CrossRef]
9. J. Webjörn, S. Siala, D. W. Nam, R. G. Waarts, and R. J. Lang, “Visible Laser Sources Based on Frequency Doubling in Nonlinear Waveguides,” J. Quantum Electron. 33(10), 1673–1686 (1997). [CrossRef]
10. K. Sakai, Y. Koyata, S. Itakura, and Y. Hirano, “High-Power, Highly Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in a Periodically Poled MgO:LiNbO3 Planar Waveguide,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(5), 590–596 (2009). [CrossRef]
11. P. S. Westbrook, B. J. Eggleton, G. Raybon, S. Hunsche, and T. H. Her, “Measurement of Residual Chromatic Dispersion of a 40-Gb/s RZ Signal via Spectral Broadening,” Photon. Technol. Lett. 14(3), 346–348 (2002). [CrossRef]
12. T. T. Ng, J. L. Blows, M. Rochette, J. A. Bolger, I. Littler, and B. J. Eggleton, “In-band OSNR and chromatic dispersion monitoring using a fibre optical parametric amplifier,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5542–5552 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. M. Pelusi, F. Luan, T. D. Vo, M. R. E. Lamont, S. J. Madden, D. A. Bulla, D. Y. Choi, B. Luther-Davies, and J. Eggleton, “Photonic-chip-based radio-frequency spectrum analyzer with terahertz bandwidth,” Nat. Photonics 3(3), 139–143 (2009).

Electron. Lett.

• Y. Nishida, H. Miyazawa, M. Asobe, O. Tadanaga, and H. Suzuki, “Direct-bonded QPM-LN Ridge Waveguide with High Damage Resistance at Room Temperature,” Electron. Lett. 39(7), 609–611 (2003). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• K. Sakai, Y. Koyata, S. Itakura, and Y. Hirano, “High-Power, Highly Efficient Second-Harmonic Generation in a Periodically Poled MgO:LiNbO3 Planar Waveguide,” J. Lightwave Technol. 27(5), 590–596 (2009). [CrossRef]
• D. C. Kilper, R. Bach, D. J. Blumenthal, D. Einstein, T. Landolsi, L. Ostar, M. Preiss, and A. E. Willner, “Optical Performance Monitoring,” J. Lightwave Technol. 22(1), 294–304 (2004). [CrossRef]

J. Quantum Electron.

• K. Yamamoto, K. Mizuuchi, and T. Taniuchi, “Quasi-Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation in a LiTaO3 Waveguide,” J. Quantum Electron. 28(9), 1909–1914 (1992). [CrossRef]
• J. Webjörn, S. Siala, D. W. Nam, R. G. Waarts, and R. J. Lang, “Visible Laser Sources Based on Frequency Doubling in Nonlinear Waveguides,” J. Quantum Electron. 33(10), 1673–1686 (1997). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

• T. T. Ng, J. L. Blows, M. Rochette, J. A. Bolger, I. Littler, and B. J. Eggleton, “In-band OSNR and chromatic dispersion monitoring using a fibre optical parametric amplifier,” Opt. Express 13(14), 5542–5552 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

• J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, and D. M. Atkin, “All-silica single-mode optical fiber with photonic crystal cladding,” Opt. Lett. 21(19), 1547–1549 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Photon. Technol. Lett.

• K. Nakajima, K. Hogari, J. Zhou, K. Tajima, and I. Sankawa, “Hole-Assisted Fiber Design for Small Bending and Splice Losses,” Photon. Technol. Lett. 15(12), 1737–1739 (2003). [CrossRef]
• P. S. Westbrook, B. J. Eggleton, G. Raybon, S. Hunsche, and T. H. Her, “Measurement of Residual Chromatic Dispersion of a 40-Gb/s RZ Signal via Spectral Broadening,” Photon. Technol. Lett. 14(3), 346–348 (2002). [CrossRef]

Other

• ITU-T Recommendation G983 series.
• T. Kubo, T. Taniguchi, O. Tadanaga, N. Sakurai, H. Kimura, K. Kumozaki, and M. Asobe, “In-Line Monitoring Technique with Visible Light for Optical Access Systems by Using 1.3 μm-Band QPM-LN Module,” The 14th OptoElectronics and Communication Conference, WH5 (2009).
• M. Pelusi, F. Luan, T. D. Vo, M. R. E. Lamont, S. J. Madden, D. A. Bulla, D. Y. Choi, B. Luther-Davies, and J. Eggleton, “Photonic-chip-based radio-frequency spectrum analyzer with terahertz bandwidth,” Nat. Photonics 3(3), 139–143 (2009).
• A. Natsume, K. Suzuki, and Y. Kozawa, “Fiber Identification Technique for Bending Insensitive Optical Fiber,” The International Wire & Cable Symposium, 359–362 (2007).

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