On-chip differential interference contrast microscopy using lensless digital holography

doi:10.1364/OE.18.004717

On-chip differential interference contrast microscopy using lensless digital holography

Chulwoo Oh, Serhan O. Isikman, Bahar Khademhosseinieh, and Aydogan Ozcan »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 5, pp. 4717-4726 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.004717

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Abstract

We introduce the use of a birefringent crystal with lensless digital holography to create an on-chip differential interference contrast (DIC) microscope. Using an incoherent source with a large aperture, in-line holograms of micro-objects are created, which interact with a uniaxial crystal and an absorbing polarizer, encoding differential interference contrast information of the objects on the chip. Despite the fact that a unit fringe magnification and an incoherent source with a large aperture have been used, holographic digital processing of such holograms rapidly recovers the differential phase contrast image of the specimen over a large field-of-view of ~24 mm².

OCIS Codes
(170.3880) Medical optics and biotechnology : Medical and biological imaging
(180.3170) Microscopy : Interference microscopy
(090.1995) Holography : Digital holography

ToC Category:
Microscopy

History
Original Manuscript: January 11, 2010
Revised Manuscript: February 6, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: February 9, 2010
Published: February 22, 2010

Virtual Issues
Vol. 5, Iss. 6 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics

Citation
Chulwoo Oh, Serhan O. Isikman, Bahar Khademhosseinieh, and Aydogan Ozcan, "On-chip differential interference contrast microscopy using lensless digital holography," Opt. Express 18, 4717-4726 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-5-4717

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References

F. Zernike, “Phase-contrast, a new method for microscopic observation of transparent objects. Part II,” Physica 9(10), 974–986 (1942). [CrossRef]
G. Nomarski, “Differential microinterferometer with polarized light,” J. Phys. Radium 16, 9s–13s (1955).
M. Pluta, Specialized Methods, Vol. 2 of Advanced light microscopy (Elsevier, New York, 1989), Chap. 7.
X. Cui, M. Lew, and C. Yang, “Quantitative differential interference contrast microscopy based on structured-aperture interference,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(9), 091113 (2008). [CrossRef]
E. D. Barone-Nugent, A. Barty, and K. A. Nugent, “Quantitative phase-amplitude microscopy I: optical microscopy,” J. Microsc. 206(3), 194–203 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. Ferraro, D. Alferi, S. De Nicola, L. De Petrocellis, A. Finizio, and G. Pierattini, “Quantitative phase-contrast microscopy by a lateral shear approach to digital holographic image reconstruction,” Opt. Lett. 31(10), 1405–1407 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Popescu, Y. K. Park, K. Badizadegan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diffraction phase and fluorescence microscopy,” Opt. Express 14(18), 8263–8268 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
N. Lue, W. Choi, G. Popescu, T. Ikeda, R. R. Dasari, K. Badizadegan, and M. S. Feld, “Quantitative phase imaging of live cells using fast Fourier phase microscopy,” Appl. Opt. 46(10), 1836–1842 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Bernet, A. Jesacher, S. Fürhapter, C. Maurer, and M. Ritsch-Marte, “Quantitative imaging of complex samples by spiral phase contrast microscopy,” Opt. Express 14(9), 3792–3805 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Mann, L. Yu, C. M. Lo, and M. Kim, “High-resolution quantitative phase-contrast microscopy by digital holography,” Opt. Express 13(22), 8693–8698 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Popescu, “Quantitative phase imaging of nanoscale cell structure and dynamics,” Methods in Cell Biology, Edited by B. Jena (Elsevier, 2008)
G. Sirat and D. Psaltis, “Conoscopic holography,” Opt. Lett. 10(1), 4–6 (1985). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. Buse and M. Luennemann, “3D imaging: wave front sensing utilizing a birefringent crystal,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(16), 3385–3387 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
W. Haddad, D. Cullen, H. Solem, J. Longworth, A. McPherson, K. Boyer, and C. Rhodes, “Fourier-transform holographic microscopy,” Appl. Opt. 31(24), 4973–4978 (1992). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
W. Xu, M. H. Jericho, I. A. Meinertzhagen, and H. J. Kreuzer, “Digital in-line holography for biological applications,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(20), 11301–11305 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Pedrini and H. Tiziani, “Short-coherence digital microscopy by use of a lensless holographic imaging system,” Appl. Opt. 41(22), 4489–4496 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. Repetto, E. Piano, and C. Pontiggia, “Lensless digital holographic microscope with light-emitting diode illumination,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1132–1134 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Garcia-Sucerquia, W. Xu, M. H. Jericho, and H. J. Kreuzer, “Immersion digital in-line holographic microscopy,” Opt. Lett. 31(9), 1211–1213 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. C. Sherman, “Application of the convolution theorem to Rayleigh’s integral formulas,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 57(4), 546–547 (1967). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. Situ and J. T. Sheridan, “Holography: an interpretation from the phase-space point of view,” Opt. Lett. 32(24), 3492–3494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. R. Fienup, “Reconstruction of an object from the modulus of its Fourier transform,” Opt. Lett. 3(1), 27–29 (1978). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Avendaño-Alejo and M. Rosete-Aguilar, “Optical path difference in a plane-parallel uniaxial plate,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 23(4), 926–932 (2006). [CrossRef]

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[1] F. Zernike, “Phase-contrast, a new method for microscopic observation of transparent objects. Part II,” Physica 9(10), 974–986 (1942). [CrossRef]

[2] G. Nomarski, “Differential microinterferometer with polarized light,” J. Phys. Radium 16, 9s–13s (1955).

[3] M. Pluta, Specialized Methods, Vol. 2 of Advanced light microscopy (Elsevier, New York, 1989), Chap. 7.

[4] X. Cui, M. Lew, and C. Yang, “Quantitative differential interference contrast microscopy based on structured-aperture interference,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 93(9), 091113 (2008). [CrossRef]

[5] E. D. Barone-Nugent, A. Barty, and K. A. Nugent, “Quantitative phase-amplitude microscopy I: optical microscopy,” J. Microsc. 206(3), 194–203 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] P. Ferraro, D. Alferi, S. De Nicola, L. De Petrocellis, A. Finizio, and G. Pierattini, “Quantitative phase-contrast microscopy by a lateral shear approach to digital holographic image reconstruction,” Opt. Lett. 31(10), 1405–1407 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] G. Popescu, Y. K. Park, K. Badizadegan, R. R. Dasari, and M. S. Feld, “Diffraction phase and fluorescence microscopy,” Opt. Express 14(18), 8263–8268 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] N. Lue, W. Choi, G. Popescu, T. Ikeda, R. R. Dasari, K. Badizadegan, and M. S. Feld, “Quantitative phase imaging of live cells using fast Fourier phase microscopy,” Appl. Opt. 46(10), 1836–1842 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] S. Bernet, A. Jesacher, S. Fürhapter, C. Maurer, and M. Ritsch-Marte, “Quantitative imaging of complex samples by spiral phase contrast microscopy,” Opt. Express 14(9), 3792–3805 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] C. Mann, L. Yu, C. M. Lo, and M. Kim, “High-resolution quantitative phase-contrast microscopy by digital holography,” Opt. Express 13(22), 8693–8698 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] G. Popescu, “Quantitative phase imaging of nanoscale cell structure and dynamics,” Methods in Cell Biology, Edited by B. Jena (Elsevier, 2008)

[12] G. Sirat and D. Psaltis, “Conoscopic holography,” Opt. Lett. 10(1), 4–6 (1985). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] K. Buse and M. Luennemann, “3D imaging: wave front sensing utilizing a birefringent crystal,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 85(16), 3385–3387 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] W. Haddad, D. Cullen, H. Solem, J. Longworth, A. McPherson, K. Boyer, and C. Rhodes, “Fourier-transform holographic microscopy,” Appl. Opt. 31(24), 4973–4978 (1992). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[15] W. Xu, M. H. Jericho, I. A. Meinertzhagen, and H. J. Kreuzer, “Digital in-line holography for biological applications,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(20), 11301–11305 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[16] G. Pedrini and H. Tiziani, “Short-coherence digital microscopy by use of a lensless holographic imaging system,” Appl. Opt. 41(22), 4489–4496 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[17] L. Repetto, E. Piano, and C. Pontiggia, “Lensless digital holographic microscope with light-emitting diode illumination,” Opt. Lett. 29(10), 1132–1134 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[18] J. Garcia-Sucerquia, W. Xu, M. H. Jericho, and H. J. Kreuzer, “Immersion digital in-line holographic microscopy,” Opt. Lett. 31(9), 1211–1213 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[19] G. C. Sherman, “Application of the convolution theorem to Rayleigh’s integral formulas,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 57(4), 546–547 (1967). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[20] G. Situ and J. T. Sheridan, “Holography: an interpretation from the phase-space point of view,” Opt. Lett. 32(24), 3492–3494 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[21] J. R. Fienup, “Reconstruction of an object from the modulus of its Fourier transform,” Opt. Lett. 3(1), 27–29 (1978). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[22] M. Avendaño-Alejo and M. Rosete-Aguilar, “Optical path difference in a plane-parallel uniaxial plate,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 23(4), 926–932 (2006). [CrossRef]

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On-chip differential interference contrast microscopy using lensless digital holography