High quality anti-relaxation coating material for alkali atom vapor cells

doi:10.1364/OE.18.005825

High quality anti-relaxation coating material for alkali atom vapor cells

M. V. Balabas, K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, L. S. Madsen, J. H. Müller, T. Fernholz, and E. S. Polzik »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 18, Issue 6, pp. 5825-5830 (2010)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.18.005825

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Abstract

We present an experimental investigation of alkali atom vapor cells coated with a high quality anti-relaxation coating material based on alkenes. The prepared cells with single compound alkene based coating showed the longest spin relaxation times which have been measured up to now with room temperature vapor cells. Suggestions are made that chemical binding of a cesium atom and an alkene molecule by attack to the C = C bond plays a crucial role in such improvement of anti-relaxation coating quality.

OCIS Codes
(160.4890) Materials : Organic materials
(270.2500) Quantum optics : Fluctuations, relaxations, and noise

ToC Category:
Materials

History
Original Manuscript: December 1, 2009
Revised Manuscript: February 10, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: February 26, 2010
Published: March 9, 2010

Citation
M. V. Balabas, K. Jensen, W. Wasilewski, H. Krauter, L. S. Madsen, J. H. Müller, T. Fernholz, and E. S. Polzik, "High quality anti-relaxation coating material for alkali atom vapor cells," Opt. Express 18, 5825-5830 (2010)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-6-5825

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References

D. Budker, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, V. V. Yashchuk, and M. Zolotorev, “Sensitive magnetometry based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation,” Phys. Rev. A 62(4), 043403 (2000). [CrossRef]
V. Acosta, M. P. Ledbetter, S. M. Rochester, D. Budker, D. F. Jackson-Kimball, D. C. Hovde, W. Gawlik, S. Pustelny, J. Zachorowski, and V. Yashchuk, “Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light in the geophysical field range,” Phys. Rev. A 73(5), 053404 (2006). [CrossRef]
D. Budker, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Nonlinear Magneto-optics and Reduced Group Velocity of Light in Atomic Vapor with Slow Ground State Relaxation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(9), 1767–1770 (1999). [CrossRef]
A. Kuzmich, K. Mølmer, and E. S. Polzik, “Spin squeezing in an ensemble of atoms illuminated with squeezed light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(24), 4782–4785 (1997). [CrossRef]
B. Julsgaard, A. Kozhekin, and E. S. Polzik, “Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects,” Nature 413(6854), 400–403 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. F. Sherson, H. Krauter, R. K. Olsson, B. Julsgaard, K. Hammerer, I. Cirac, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum teleportation between light and matter,” Nature 443(7111), 557–560 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Cviklinski, J. Ortalo, J. Laurat, A. Bramati, M. Pinard, and E. Giacobino, “Reversible quantum interface for tunable single-sideband modulation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(13), 133601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, D. Budker, D. English, D. F. Kimball, C.-H. Li, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Light-induced desorption of alkali-metal atoms from paraffin coating,” Phys. Rev. A 66(4), 042903 (2002). [CrossRef]
M. V. Balabas and S. G. Przhibel’sky, “Kinetics of alkali atom absorption by a paraffin coating,” Chem. Phys. Rep. 4(6), 882–889 (1995).
V. Liberman and R. J. Knize, “Relaxation of optically pumped Cs in wall-coated cells,” Phys. Rev. 34(6), 5115–5118 (1986). [CrossRef]
M. V. Ph. D. Balabas, Thesis (Vavilov’s State Optical Institute), 1995.
W. Franzen, “Spin relaxation of optically aligned rubidium vapor,” Phys. Rev. 115(4), 850–856 (1959). [CrossRef]
M. V. Balabas, M. I. Karuzin, and A. S. Pazgalev, “Experimental investigation of the longitudinal relaxation time of electronic polarization of the ground state of potassium atoms in a cell with an antirelaxation coating on the walls,” JEPT Lett. 70(3), 196–200 (1999).
M. T. Graf, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, K. Kerner, C. Wong, D. Budker, E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Relaxation of atomic polarization in paraffin-coated cesium vapor cells,” Phys. Rev. A 72(2), 023401 (2005). [CrossRef]
E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, V. A. Bonch-Bruevich, S. V. Provotorov, and N. N. Yakobson, “Laboratory magnetometer bench,” Instrum. Exp. Tech. 29, 241–243 (1986).
E. Weiss, “Structure of organo alkali metal complexes and related compounds,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 32(11), 1501–1523 (1993). [CrossRef]
I. P. Beletskaya, “Organometallic chemistry. Part 2,” Soros’s Educational Journal (in Russ.) 11, 90–95 (1998).
T. Karaulanov, M. Graf, D. English, S. Rochester, Y. Rosen, K. Tsigutkin, D. Budker, E. Alexandrov, M. Balabas, D. Kimball, F. Narducci, S. Pustelny, and V. Yashchuk, “Controlling atomic vapor density in paraffin-coated cells using light-induced atomic desorption,” Phys. Rev. A 79(1), 012902 (2009). [CrossRef]
D. Jackson Kimball, K. Nguyen, K. Ravi, A. Sharma, V. Prabhudesai, S. Rangwala, V. Yashchuk, M. Balabas, and D. Budker, “Electric-field-induced change of alkali-metal vapor density in paraffin-coated cells,” Phys. Rev. A 79(3), 032901 (2009). [CrossRef]

Acosta, V.
Alexandrov, E.
Alexandrov, E. B.
Balabas, M.
Balabas, M. V.
Beletskaya, I. P.
Bonch-Bruevich, V. A.
Bramati, A.
Budker, D.
Cirac, I.
Cviklinski, J.
English, D.
Franzen, W.
Gawlik, W.
Giacobino, E.
Graf, M.
Graf, M. T.
Hammerer, K.
Hovde, D. C.
Jackson Kimball, D.
Jackson-Kimball, D. F.
Julsgaard, B.
Karaulanov, T.
Karuzin, M. I.
Kerner, K.
Kimball, D.
Kimball, D. F.
Knize, R. J.
Kozhekin, A.
Krauter, H.
Kuzmich, A.
Laurat, J.
Ledbetter, M. P.
Li, C.-H.
Liberman, V.
Mølmer, K.
Narducci, F.
Nguyen, K.
Olsson, R. K.
Ortalo, J.
Pazgalev, A. S.
Pinard, M.
Polzik, E. S.
Prabhudesai, V.
Provotorov, S. V.
Przhibel’sky, S. G.
Pustelny, S.
Rangwala, S.
Ravi, K.
Rochester, S.
Rochester, S. M.
Rosen, Y.
Sharma, A.
Sherson, J. F.
Tsigutkin, K.
Weiss, E.
Wong, C.
Yakobson, N. N.
Yashchuk, V.
Yashchuk, V. V.
Zachorowski, J.
Zolotorev, M.

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.

E. Weiss, “Structure of organo alkali metal complexes and related compounds,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 32(11), 1501–1523 (1993). [CrossRef]

Chem. Phys. Rep.

M. V. Balabas and S. G. Przhibel’sky, “Kinetics of alkali atom absorption by a paraffin coating,” Chem. Phys. Rep. 4(6), 882–889 (1995).

Instrum. Exp. Tech.

E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, V. A. Bonch-Bruevich, S. V. Provotorov, and N. N. Yakobson, “Laboratory magnetometer bench,” Instrum. Exp. Tech. 29, 241–243 (1986).

JEPT Lett.

M. V. Balabas, M. I. Karuzin, and A. S. Pazgalev, “Experimental investigation of the longitudinal relaxation time of electronic polarization of the ground state of potassium atoms in a cell with an antirelaxation coating on the walls,” JEPT Lett. 70(3), 196–200 (1999).

Nature

B. Julsgaard, A. Kozhekin, and E. S. Polzik, “Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects,” Nature 413(6854), 400–403 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. F. Sherson, H. Krauter, R. K. Olsson, B. Julsgaard, K. Hammerer, I. Cirac, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum teleportation between light and matter,” Nature 443(7111), 557–560 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev.

V. Liberman and R. J. Knize, “Relaxation of optically pumped Cs in wall-coated cells,” Phys. Rev. 34(6), 5115–5118 (1986). [CrossRef]
W. Franzen, “Spin relaxation of optically aligned rubidium vapor,” Phys. Rev. 115(4), 850–856 (1959). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. A

E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, D. Budker, D. English, D. F. Kimball, C.-H. Li, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Light-induced desorption of alkali-metal atoms from paraffin coating,” Phys. Rev. A 66(4), 042903 (2002). [CrossRef]
M. T. Graf, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, K. Kerner, C. Wong, D. Budker, E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Relaxation of atomic polarization in paraffin-coated cesium vapor cells,” Phys. Rev. A 72(2), 023401 (2005). [CrossRef]
T. Karaulanov, M. Graf, D. English, S. Rochester, Y. Rosen, K. Tsigutkin, D. Budker, E. Alexandrov, M. Balabas, D. Kimball, F. Narducci, S. Pustelny, and V. Yashchuk, “Controlling atomic vapor density in paraffin-coated cells using light-induced atomic desorption,” Phys. Rev. A 79(1), 012902 (2009). [CrossRef]
D. Jackson Kimball, K. Nguyen, K. Ravi, A. Sharma, V. Prabhudesai, S. Rangwala, V. Yashchuk, M. Balabas, and D. Budker, “Electric-field-induced change of alkali-metal vapor density in paraffin-coated cells,” Phys. Rev. A 79(3), 032901 (2009). [CrossRef]
D. Budker, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, V. V. Yashchuk, and M. Zolotorev, “Sensitive magnetometry based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation,” Phys. Rev. A 62(4), 043403 (2000). [CrossRef]
V. Acosta, M. P. Ledbetter, S. M. Rochester, D. Budker, D. F. Jackson-Kimball, D. C. Hovde, W. Gawlik, S. Pustelny, J. Zachorowski, and V. Yashchuk, “Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light in the geophysical field range,” Phys. Rev. A 73(5), 053404 (2006). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

D. Budker, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Nonlinear Magneto-optics and Reduced Group Velocity of Light in Atomic Vapor with Slow Ground State Relaxation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(9), 1767–1770 (1999). [CrossRef]
A. Kuzmich, K. Mølmer, and E. S. Polzik, “Spin squeezing in an ensemble of atoms illuminated with squeezed light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(24), 4782–4785 (1997). [CrossRef]
J. Cviklinski, J. Ortalo, J. Laurat, A. Bramati, M. Pinard, and E. Giacobino, “Reversible quantum interface for tunable single-sideband modulation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(13), 133601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Soros’s Educational Journal

I. P. Beletskaya, “Organometallic chemistry. Part 2,” Soros’s Educational Journal (in Russ.) 11, 90–95 (1998).

Other

M. V. Ph. D. Balabas, Thesis (Vavilov’s State Optical Institute), 1995.

2009, Karaulanov, Phys. Rev. A
2009, Jackson Kimball, Phys. Rev. A
2008, Cviklinski, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2006, Acosta, Phys. Rev. A
2006, Sherson, Nature
2005, Graf, Phys. Rev. A
2002, Alexandrov, Phys. Rev. A
2001, Julsgaard, Nature
2000, Budker, Phys. Rev. A
1999, Budker, Phys. Rev. Lett.
1999, Balabas, JEPT Lett.
1998, Beletskaya, Soros’s Educational Journal
1997, Kuzmich, Phys. Rev. Lett.
1995, Balabas, Chem. Phys. Rep.
1993, Weiss, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.
1986, Alexandrov, Instrum. Exp. Tech.
1986, Liberman, Phys. Rev.
1959, Franzen, Phys. Rev.

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[1] D. Budker, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, V. V. Yashchuk, and M. Zolotorev, “Sensitive magnetometry based on nonlinear magneto-optical rotation,” Phys. Rev. A 62(4), 043403 (2000). [CrossRef]

[2] V. Acosta, M. P. Ledbetter, S. M. Rochester, D. Budker, D. F. Jackson-Kimball, D. C. Hovde, W. Gawlik, S. Pustelny, J. Zachorowski, and V. Yashchuk, “Nonlinear magneto-optical rotation with frequency-modulated light in the geophysical field range,” Phys. Rev. A 73(5), 053404 (2006). [CrossRef]

[3] D. Budker, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Nonlinear Magneto-optics and Reduced Group Velocity of Light in Atomic Vapor with Slow Ground State Relaxation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 83(9), 1767–1770 (1999). [CrossRef]

[4] A. Kuzmich, K. Mølmer, and E. S. Polzik, “Spin squeezing in an ensemble of atoms illuminated with squeezed light,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 79(24), 4782–4785 (1997). [CrossRef]

[5] B. Julsgaard, A. Kozhekin, and E. S. Polzik, “Experimental long-lived entanglement of two macroscopic objects,” Nature 413(6854), 400–403 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] J. F. Sherson, H. Krauter, R. K. Olsson, B. Julsgaard, K. Hammerer, I. Cirac, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum teleportation between light and matter,” Nature 443(7111), 557–560 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] J. Cviklinski, J. Ortalo, J. Laurat, A. Bramati, M. Pinard, and E. Giacobino, “Reversible quantum interface for tunable single-sideband modulation,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 101(13), 133601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, D. Budker, D. English, D. F. Kimball, C.-H. Li, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Light-induced desorption of alkali-metal atoms from paraffin coating,” Phys. Rev. A 66(4), 042903 (2002). [CrossRef]

[9] M. V. Balabas and S. G. Przhibel’sky, “Kinetics of alkali atom absorption by a paraffin coating,” Chem. Phys. Rep. 4(6), 882–889 (1995).

[10] V. Liberman and R. J. Knize, “Relaxation of optically pumped Cs in wall-coated cells,” Phys. Rev. 34(6), 5115–5118 (1986). [CrossRef]

[11] M. V. Ph. D. Balabas, Thesis (Vavilov’s State Optical Institute), 1995.

[12] W. Franzen, “Spin relaxation of optically aligned rubidium vapor,” Phys. Rev. 115(4), 850–856 (1959). [CrossRef]

[13] M. V. Balabas, M. I. Karuzin, and A. S. Pazgalev, “Experimental investigation of the longitudinal relaxation time of electronic polarization of the ground state of potassium atoms in a cell with an antirelaxation coating on the walls,” JEPT Lett. 70(3), 196–200 (1999).

[14] M. T. Graf, D. F. Kimball, S. M. Rochester, K. Kerner, C. Wong, D. Budker, E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, and V. V. Yashchuk, “Relaxation of atomic polarization in paraffin-coated cesium vapor cells,” Phys. Rev. A 72(2), 023401 (2005). [CrossRef]

[15] E. B. Alexandrov, M. V. Balabas, V. A. Bonch-Bruevich, S. V. Provotorov, and N. N. Yakobson, “Laboratory magnetometer bench,” Instrum. Exp. Tech. 29, 241–243 (1986).

[16] E. Weiss, “Structure of organo alkali metal complexes and related compounds,” Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 32(11), 1501–1523 (1993). [CrossRef]

[17] I. P. Beletskaya, “Organometallic chemistry. Part 2,” Soros’s Educational Journal (in Russ.) 11, 90–95 (1998).

[18] T. Karaulanov, M. Graf, D. English, S. Rochester, Y. Rosen, K. Tsigutkin, D. Budker, E. Alexandrov, M. Balabas, D. Kimball, F. Narducci, S. Pustelny, and V. Yashchuk, “Controlling atomic vapor density in paraffin-coated cells using light-induced atomic desorption,” Phys. Rev. A 79(1), 012902 (2009). [CrossRef]

[19] D. Jackson Kimball, K. Nguyen, K. Ravi, A. Sharma, V. Prabhudesai, S. Rangwala, V. Yashchuk, M. Balabas, and D. Budker, “Electric-field-induced change of alkali-metal vapor density in paraffin-coated cells,” Phys. Rev. A 79(3), 032901 (2009). [CrossRef]

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High quality anti-relaxation coating material for alkali atom vapor cells

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Abstract

References

Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl.

Chem. Phys. Rep.

Instrum. Exp. Tech.

JEPT Lett.

Nature

Phys. Rev.

Phys. Rev. A

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Soros’s Educational Journal

Other

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