Optics InfoBase > Optics Express > Volume 19 > Issue 10 > Page 9000
|
|
Electro-optical Pockels scattering from a single nanocrystalBassam Hajj, Sandrine Perruchas, Joseph Lautru, Géraldine Dantelle, Thierry Gacoin, Joseph Zyss, and Dominique Chauvat »View Author Affiliations
Bassam Hajj,1,*
Sandrine Perruchas,2
Joseph Lautru,1
Géraldine Dantelle,2
Thierry Gacoin,2
Joseph Zyss,1
and Dominique Chauvat1
1Laboratoire de photonique quantique et moléculaire, D’Alembert Institute, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94230 Cachan, France 2Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, Ecole Polytechnique, 91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France *Corresponding author: bassamhajj85@hotmail.com |
Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 10, pp. 9000-9007 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.009000
View Full Text Article
Enhanced HTML
Acrobat PDF (1116 KB)
Abstract
The electro-optical Pockels response from a single non-centrosymmetric nanocrystal is reported. High sensitivity to the weak electric-field dependent nonlinear scattering is achieved through a dedicated imaging interferometric microscope and the linear dependence of electro-optical signal upon the applied field is checked. Using different incident light polarization states, a priori random spatial orientation of the crystal can be inferred. The electro-optical response from a nanocrystal provides local subwavelength sensor of quasi-static electric fields with potential applications in physics and biology. It also leads to a new sub-wavelength microscopy towards the nanoscale investigation of interesting phenomena such as nanoferroelectricity.
© 2011 OSA
OCIS Codes
(110.0110) Imaging systems : Imaging systems
(110.0180) Imaging systems : Microscopy
(190.0190) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics
(190.2640) Nonlinear optics : Stimulated scattering, modulation, etc.
ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optics
History
Original Manuscript: November 3, 2010
Revised Manuscript: December 10, 2010
Manuscript Accepted: December 12, 2010
Published: April 25, 2011
Virtual Issues
Vol. 6, Iss. 6 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Bassam Hajj, Sandrine Perruchas, Joseph Lautru, Géraldine Dantelle, Thierry Gacoin, Joseph Zyss, and Dominique Chauvat, "Electro-optical Pockels scattering from a single nanocrystal," Opt. Express 19, 9000-9007 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-10-9000
Sort: Author | Year | Journal | Reset
References
- A. Yariv, and P. Yeh, Optical Waves in Crystals - Propagation and Control of Laser Radiation (Wiley, 2003).
- F. Agullo-Lopez, Electrooptics: Phenomena, Materials and Applications (Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 1994).
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- K. Noguchi, O. Mitomi, and H. Miyazawa, “Millimeter-wave Ti: LiNbO3 optical modulators,” J. Lightwave Technol. 16(4), 615–619 (1998). [CrossRef]
- A. Donval, E. Toussaere, R. Hierle, and J. Zyss, “Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator,” J. Appl. Phys. 87(7), 3258–3262 (2000). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, and M. Lipson, “Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator,” Nature 435(7040), 325–327 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Z. Ma and J. Levy, “GHz apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy of ferroelectric nanodomain dynamics,” Nano Lett. 6(3), 341–344 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Gross, R. S. Bedlack, and L. M. Loew, “Dual-wavelength ratiometric fluorescence measurement of the membrane dipole potential,” Biophys. J. 67(1), 208–216 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Moreaux, T. Pons, V. Dambrin, M. Blanchard-Desce, and J. Mertz, “Electro-optic response of second-harmonic generation membrane potential sensors,” Opt. Lett. 28(8), 625–627 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. A. Dombeck, M. Blanchard-Desce, and W. W. Webb, “Optical recording of action potentials with second-harmonic generation microscopy,” J. Neurosci. 24(4), 999–1003 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- R. W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, (Academic Press, 2008).
- J. D. Bierlein and C. B. Arweiler, “Electrooptic and dielectric-properties of KTiOPO4,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 49(15), 917–919 (1986). [CrossRef]
- T. Toury, S. Brasselet, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical microscopy: mapping nonlinear polymer films with micrometric resolution,” Opt. Lett. 31(10), 1468–1470 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. M. Zhang, F. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Wang, and R. O. Claus, “Linear electro-optic tensor ratio determination and quadratic electro-optic modulation of electrostatically self-assembled CdSe quantum dot films,” J. Chem. Phys. 116(14), 6297–6304 (2002). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Johnston, “The strain-free electrooptic effect in single crystal barium titanate,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 7(7), 195–198 (1965). [CrossRef]
- N. Sandeau, L. Le Xuan, D. Chauvat, C. Zhou, J. F. Roch, and S. Brasselet, “Defocused imaging of second harmonic generation from a single nanocrystal,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16051–16060 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Sigelle and R. Hierle, “Determination of the electrooptic coefficients of 3-methyl 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide by an interferometric phase-modulation technique,” J. Appl. Phys. 52(6), 4199–4204 (1981). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
- J. D. Bierlein and C. B. Arweiler, “Electrooptic and dielectric-properties of KTiOPO4,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 49(15), 917–919 (1986). [CrossRef]
- E. Gross, R. S. Bedlack, and L. M. Loew, “Dual-wavelength ratiometric fluorescence measurement of the membrane dipole potential,” Biophys. J. 67(1), 208–216 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
- J. D. Bierlein and C. B. Arweiler, “Electrooptic and dielectric-properties of KTiOPO4,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 49(15), 917–919 (1986). [CrossRef]
- D. A. Dombeck, M. Blanchard-Desce, and W. W. Webb, “Optical recording of action potentials with second-harmonic generation microscopy,” J. Neurosci. 24(4), 999–1003 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Moreaux, T. Pons, V. Dambrin, M. Blanchard-Desce, and J. Mertz, “Electro-optic response of second-harmonic generation membrane potential sensors,” Opt. Lett. 28(8), 625–627 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- N. Sandeau, L. Le Xuan, D. Chauvat, C. Zhou, J. F. Roch, and S. Brasselet, “Defocused imaging of second harmonic generation from a single nanocrystal,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16051–16060 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Toury, S. Brasselet, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical microscopy: mapping nonlinear polymer films with micrometric resolution,” Opt. Lett. 31(10), 1468–1470 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Sandeau, L. Le Xuan, D. Chauvat, C. Zhou, J. F. Roch, and S. Brasselet, “Defocused imaging of second harmonic generation from a single nanocrystal,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16051–16060 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. M. Zhang, F. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Wang, and R. O. Claus, “Linear electro-optic tensor ratio determination and quadratic electro-optic modulation of electrostatically self-assembled CdSe quantum dot films,” J. Chem. Phys. 116(14), 6297–6304 (2002). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. A. Dombeck, M. Blanchard-Desce, and W. W. Webb, “Optical recording of action potentials with second-harmonic generation microscopy,” J. Neurosci. 24(4), 999–1003 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Donval, E. Toussaere, R. Hierle, and J. Zyss, “Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator,” J. Appl. Phys. 87(7), 3258–3262 (2000). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- E. Gross, R. S. Bedlack, and L. M. Loew, “Dual-wavelength ratiometric fluorescence measurement of the membrane dipole potential,” Biophys. J. 67(1), 208–216 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Donval, E. Toussaere, R. Hierle, and J. Zyss, “Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator,” J. Appl. Phys. 87(7), 3258–3262 (2000). [CrossRef]
- M. Sigelle and R. Hierle, “Determination of the electrooptic coefficients of 3-methyl 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide by an interferometric phase-modulation technique,” J. Appl. Phys. 52(6), 4199–4204 (1981). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. R. Johnston, “The strain-free electrooptic effect in single crystal barium titanate,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 7(7), 195–198 (1965). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
- H. Z. Ma and J. Levy, “GHz apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy of ferroelectric nanodomain dynamics,” Nano Lett. 6(3), 341–344 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, and M. Lipson, “Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator,” Nature 435(7040), 325–327 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Gross, R. S. Bedlack, and L. M. Loew, “Dual-wavelength ratiometric fluorescence measurement of the membrane dipole potential,” Biophys. J. 67(1), 208–216 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
- H. Z. Ma and J. Levy, “GHz apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy of ferroelectric nanodomain dynamics,” Nano Lett. 6(3), 341–344 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, and M. Lipson, “Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator,” Nature 435(7040), 325–327 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Sandeau, L. Le Xuan, D. Chauvat, C. Zhou, J. F. Roch, and S. Brasselet, “Defocused imaging of second harmonic generation from a single nanocrystal,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16051–16060 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, and M. Lipson, “Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator,” Nature 435(7040), 325–327 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- M. Sigelle and R. Hierle, “Determination of the electrooptic coefficients of 3-methyl 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide by an interferometric phase-modulation technique,” J. Appl. Phys. 52(6), 4199–4204 (1981). [CrossRef]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Donval, E. Toussaere, R. Hierle, and J. Zyss, “Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator,” J. Appl. Phys. 87(7), 3258–3262 (2000). [CrossRef]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- L. M. Zhang, F. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Wang, and R. O. Claus, “Linear electro-optic tensor ratio determination and quadratic electro-optic modulation of electrostatically self-assembled CdSe quantum dot films,” J. Chem. Phys. 116(14), 6297–6304 (2002). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- D. A. Dombeck, M. Blanchard-Desce, and W. W. Webb, “Optical recording of action potentials with second-harmonic generation microscopy,” J. Neurosci. 24(4), 999–1003 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, and M. Lipson, “Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator,” Nature 435(7040), 325–327 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- L. M. Zhang, F. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Wang, and R. O. Claus, “Linear electro-optic tensor ratio determination and quadratic electro-optic modulation of electrostatically self-assembled CdSe quantum dot films,” J. Chem. Phys. 116(14), 6297–6304 (2002). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- L. M. Zhang, F. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Wang, and R. O. Claus, “Linear electro-optic tensor ratio determination and quadratic electro-optic modulation of electrostatically self-assembled CdSe quantum dot films,” J. Chem. Phys. 116(14), 6297–6304 (2002). [CrossRef]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- N. Sandeau, L. Le Xuan, D. Chauvat, C. Zhou, J. F. Roch, and S. Brasselet, “Defocused imaging of second harmonic generation from a single nanocrystal,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16051–16060 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Toury, S. Brasselet, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical microscopy: mapping nonlinear polymer films with micrometric resolution,” Opt. Lett. 31(10), 1468–1470 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Donval, E. Toussaere, R. Hierle, and J. Zyss, “Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator,” J. Appl. Phys. 87(7), 3258–3262 (2000). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. D. Bierlein and C. B. Arweiler, “Electrooptic and dielectric-properties of KTiOPO4,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 49(15), 917–919 (1986). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Johnston, “The strain-free electrooptic effect in single crystal barium titanate,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 7(7), 195–198 (1965). [CrossRef]
Biophys. J.
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Gross, R. S. Bedlack, and L. M. Loew, “Dual-wavelength ratiometric fluorescence measurement of the membrane dipole potential,” Biophys. J. 67(1), 208–216 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Appl. Phys.
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- A. Donval, E. Toussaere, R. Hierle, and J. Zyss, “Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator,” J. Appl. Phys. 87(7), 3258–3262 (2000). [CrossRef]
- M. Sigelle and R. Hierle, “Determination of the electrooptic coefficients of 3-methyl 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide by an interferometric phase-modulation technique,” J. Appl. Phys. 52(6), 4199–4204 (1981). [CrossRef]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
J. Chem. Phys.
- L. M. Zhang, F. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Wang, and R. O. Claus, “Linear electro-optic tensor ratio determination and quadratic electro-optic modulation of electrostatically self-assembled CdSe quantum dot films,” J. Chem. Phys. 116(14), 6297–6304 (2002). [CrossRef]
J. Lightwave Technol.
- K. Noguchi, O. Mitomi, and H. Miyazawa, “Millimeter-wave Ti: LiNbO3 optical modulators,” J. Lightwave Technol. 16(4), 615–619 (1998). [CrossRef]
J. Neurosci.
- D. A. Dombeck, M. Blanchard-Desce, and W. W. Webb, “Optical recording of action potentials with second-harmonic generation microscopy,” J. Neurosci. 24(4), 999–1003 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nano Lett.
- H. Z. Ma and J. Levy, “GHz apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy of ferroelectric nanodomain dynamics,” Nano Lett. 6(3), 341–344 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nature
- Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, and M. Lipson, “Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator,” Nature 435(7040), 325–327 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
Opt. Eng.
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
Opt. Express
- N. Sandeau, L. Le Xuan, D. Chauvat, C. Zhou, J. F. Roch, and S. Brasselet, “Defocused imaging of second harmonic generation from a single nanocrystal,” Opt. Express 15(24), 16051–16060 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
- T. Toury, S. Brasselet, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical microscopy: mapping nonlinear polymer films with micrometric resolution,” Opt. Lett. 31(10), 1468–1470 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Moreaux, T. Pons, V. Dambrin, M. Blanchard-Desce, and J. Mertz, “Electro-optic response of second-harmonic generation membrane potential sensors,” Opt. Lett. 28(8), 625–627 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Phys. Rev. B
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
Physica E
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
Small
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Other
- R. W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, (Academic Press, 2008).
- A. Yariv, and P. Yeh, Optical Waves in Crystals - Propagation and Control of Laser Radiation (Wiley, 2003).
- F. Agullo-Lopez, Electrooptics: Phenomena, Materials and Applications (Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 1994).
2009, Hajj, Biophys. J.
- B. Hajj, S. De Reguardati, L. Hugonin, B. Le Pioufle, T. Osaki, H. Suzuki, S. Takeuchi, H. Mojzisova, D. Chauvat, and J. Zyss, “Electro-optical imaging microscopy of dye-doped artificial lipidic membranes,” Biophys. J. 97(11), 2913–2921 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Z. Ma, J. Levy, M. D. Biegalski, S. Trolier-McKinstry, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature electro-optic properties of strained SrTiO3 films grown on DyScO3,” J. Appl. Phys. 105(1), 014102 (2009). [CrossRef]
- X. L. Le, C. Zhou, A. Slablab, D. Chauvat, C. Tard, S. Perruchas, T. Gacoin, P. Villeval, and J. F. Roch, “Photostable second-harmonic generation from a single KTiOPO4 nanocrystal for nonlinear microscopy,” Small 4(9), 1332–1336 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Z. Ma and J. Levy, “GHz apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy of ferroelectric nanodomain dynamics,” Nano Lett. 6(3), 341–344 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. Xu, B. Schmidt, S. Pradhan, and M. Lipson, “Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator,” Nature 435(7040), 325–327 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Garrido, M. Lopez, A. Perez-Rodriguez, C. Garcia, P. Pellegrino, R. Ferre, J. A. Moreno, J. R. Morante, C. Bonafos, M. Carrada, A. Claverie, J. de la Torre, and A. Souifi, “Optical and electrical properties of Si-nanocrystals ion beam synthesized in SiO2,” Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 216, 213–221 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D. A. Dombeck, M. Blanchard-Desce, and W. W. Webb, “Optical recording of action potentials with second-harmonic generation microscopy,” J. Neurosci. 24(4), 999–1003 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. H. Haeni, P. Irvin, W. Chang, R. Uecker, P. Reiche, Y. L. Li, S. Choudhury, W. Tian, M. E. Hawley, B. Craigo, A. K. Tagantsev, X. Q. Pan, S. K. Streiffer, L. Q. Chen, S. W. Kirchoefer, J. Levy, and D. G. Schlom, “Room-temperature ferroelectricity in strained SrTiO3,” Nature 430(7001), 758–761 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. M. Zhang, F. J. Zhang, Y. Q. Wang, and R. O. Claus, “Linear electro-optic tensor ratio determination and quadratic electro-optic modulation of electrostatically self-assembled CdSe quantum dot films,” J. Chem. Phys. 116(14), 6297–6304 (2002). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” Physica E 9(2), 310–313 (2001). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, M. C. Oh, A. Szep, W. H. Steier, C. Zhang, L. R. Dalton, H. Erlig, Y. Chang, D. H. Chang, and H. R. Fetterman, “Push-pull electro-optic polymer modulators with low half-wave voltage and low loss at both 1310 and 1550 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 78(20), 3136–3138 (2001). [CrossRef]
- A. Donval, E. Toussaere, R. Hierle, and J. Zyss, “Polarization insensitive electro-optic polymer modulator,” J. Appl. Phys. 87(7), 3258–3262 (2000). [CrossRef]
- Y. S. Wang, R. Z. Wang, P. Sun, Q. Y. Tu, Q. L. Yan, and P. Huang, “Effects of modulated electric field form and frequency on the electro-optical properties of CdS0.1Se0.9 nanocrystals,” J. Appl. Phys. 88(3), 1473–1475 (2000). [CrossRef]
- C. Bosshard, G. Knopfle, P. Pretre, S. Follonier, C. Serbutoviez, and P. Gunter, “Molecular-crystals and polymers for nonlinear optics,” Opt. Eng. 34(7), 1951–1960 (1995). [CrossRef]
- E. Gross, R. S. Bedlack, and L. M. Loew, “Dual-wavelength ratiometric fluorescence measurement of the membrane dipole potential,” Biophys. J. 67(1), 208–216 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Woggon, S. V. Bogdanov, O. Wind, K. H. Schlaad, H. Pier, C. Klingshirn, P. Chatziagorastou, and H. P. Fritz, “Electrooptic properties of CdS embedded in a polymer,” Phys. Rev. B 48(16), 11979–11986 (1993). [CrossRef]
- J. D. Bierlein and C. B. Arweiler, “Electrooptic and dielectric-properties of KTiOPO4,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 49(15), 917–919 (1986). [CrossRef]
- M. Sigelle and R. Hierle, “Determination of the electrooptic coefficients of 3-methyl 4-nitropyridine 1-oxide by an interferometric phase-modulation technique,” J. Appl. Phys. 52(6), 4199–4204 (1981). [CrossRef]
- A. R. Johnston, “The strain-free electrooptic effect in single crystal barium titanate,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 7(7), 195–198 (1965). [CrossRef]
Cited By |
OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.
Related Journal Articles 
- Geometric analysis of optical frequency conversion and its control in quadratic nonlinear media (JOSAB)
- Nonlinear effects of localized absorption perturbations on the light distribution in a turbid medium (JOSAA)
- Frequency shifting through cascaded second-order processes in a N-(4-nitrophenyl)- L-prolinol crystal (OL)
- Frequency structure in an electronically tuned Ti:sapphire laser: periodic appearance of static fringes in both homodyne and heterodyne Michelson interferometers (OL)
- Origin of frequency shift and temporal instability in photorefractive self-pumped phase conjugators (JOSAB)
Related Conference Papers 
- Solid-Immersion Imaging of a Silicon Flip-Chip with a Resolution of 325nm Using the Optical-Beam Induced Current Method
- Images of hydrogen deficiency on H-Si(111) surfaces observed by second harmonic microscopy
- Optical Sum Frequency Microscopy for Analyzing Starch in a Water Plant
- On the Versatility of Nonlinear Microscopy
- Multi-Modality Microscopy Combining Multiphoton and Optical Coherence Microscopy Using an Ultrafast Laser Source
- Firefox 11+
- Google Chrome 17+
- Internet Explorer 9+
- Safari 5+




OSA is a member of 