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Ultraviolet electroluminescence from hybrid inorganic/organic ZnO/GaN/poly(3-hexylthiophene) dual heterojunctions

Yungting Chen, Hanyu Shih, Chunhsiung Wang, Chunyi Hsieh, Chihwei Chen, Yangfang Chen, and Taiyuan Lin

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

Based on hybrid inorganic/organic n-ZnO nanorods/p-GaN thin film/poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) dual heterojunctions, the light emitting diode (LED) emits ultraviolet (UV) radiation (370 nm – 400 nm) and the whole visible light (400 nm −700 nm) at the low injection current density. Meanwhile, under the high injection current density, the UV radiation overwhelmingly dominates the room-temperature electroluminescence spectra, exponentially increases with the injection current density and possesses a narrow full width at half maximum less than 16 nm. Comparing electroluminescence with photoluminescence spectra, an enormously enhanced transition probability of the UV luminescence in the electroluminescence spectra was found. The P3HT layer plays an essential role in helping the UV emission from p-GaN material because of its hole-conductive characteristic as well as the band alignment with respect to p-GaN. With our new finding, the result shown here may pave a new route for the development of high brightness LEDs derived from hybrid inorganic/organic heterojuctions.

©2011 Optical Society of America

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Figures (6)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Schematic illustration of the (n-ZnO nanorods)/(p-GaN film)/(P3HT film) dual-heterojunction LED device. (b) Band diagram and transition process responsible for the EL spectra without forward bias. (SD: shallow donor, SA: shallow acceptor, DD: deep donor, DA: deep acceptor)

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 (a) Top-view and (b) cross-sectional scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of as-grown n-ZnO nanorods on p-GaN thin film.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Photoluminescence (PL) spectra of n-ZnO nanorods, p-GaN thin film, and poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT) thin film at room temperature.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 Diode like current-voltage characteristics of dual-heterojunction LED at room temperature.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Room-temperature electroluminescence (EL) spectra of dual-heterojunctions LED (a) at the low injection current density, (b) at the high injection current density.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 Room-temperature, injection-current-density-dependent EL intensity at (a) 3.2 eV in the logarithmic scales, (b) 1.9 eV, 2.2 eV, 2.75 eV and 2.91 eV in the linear scales.

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