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Enhancement of the power conversion efficiency by expanding the absorption spectrum with fluorescence layers

Fei Wang, Zhijian Chen, Lixin Xiao, Bo Qu, and Qihuang Gong

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

The spectral response of Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT): 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 (PCBM) heterojunction film is between 350 nm and 650 nm, meaning that a lot of the sunlight is lost at ultraviolet and infrared regions. We fabricated solar cells by the attachment of a fluorescence layer which absorbs UV light, and emit visible light which will be re-used by P3HT, and thus the absorption spectrum is expanded. Since N,N’-bis(3-methylphenyl)-N,N’-bis(phenyl)-benzidine (TPD) has high reflectance in the visible range, the usage of UV light will not manifest; when LiF is added as an antireflection layer, PCE was enhanced from 2.50% to 2.68%.

©2011 Optical Society of America

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Figures (8)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 The structure and principle scheme of the fluorescence-enhanced organic solar cells.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Normalized absorption spectrum of P3HT (red dash dot line), TPD (violet solid line), PCBM (green dot line) and photoluminescence spectrum of TPD (blue dash line); Inset: Structural formula of TPD.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Theoretical calculation of reflection coefficient dependent on the thickness of TPD and LiF. |r| increased as the color changed from dark blue to red.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 |r| dependent on wavelength and thickness of TPD; LiF is set to be 90 nm. |r| increased as the color changed from dark blue to red. The blue region shows that 150 nm TPD/90 nm LiF keeps |r| small from 400 nm to 600 nm.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 J-V characteristics of standard OPVs (black solid line), OPVs with TPD backward (red dash line) and OPVs with TPD/LiF backward (blue dot line) when illuminated at 100 mW/cm2 air mass 1.5 global (AM1.5 G) simulated sun light; Inset: the schematic structure of the devices.

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Fig. 6
Fig. 6 The reflectance of standard OPVs (black solid line), OPVs with TPD backward (red dash line) and OPVS with TPD/LiF backward (blue dot line).

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Fig. 7
Fig. 7 The transmittance of TPD (red dash line), TPD/LiF (blue dot line), LiF (green dash dot line), and noting at the back of ITO/glass (black solid line), the data was tested with quartz glass as blank.

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Fig. 8
Fig. 8 a. EQE of standard OPVs (black square), and OPVs with TPD backward (red circle); b. standard OPVs (black square) and OPVs with TPD/LiF backward (blue up-triangle) in short wavelength. Inset: EQE of OPVs in long wavelength which was measured with EQE measurement system.

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Equations (1)

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r = ( k z 0   i ) ( cos ( d 1 · k z 1 ) − sin ( d 1 · k z 1 ) k z 1 k z 1 · sin ( d 1 · k z 1 ) cos ( d 1 · k z 1 ) ) ( cos ( d 2 · k z 2 ) − sin ( d 2 · k z 2 ) k z 1 k z 2 · sin ( d 2 · k z 2 ) cos ( d 2 · k z 2 ) ) ( 1 i k z 3 ) ( k z 0   − i ) ( cos ( d 1 · k z 1 ) − sin ( d 1 · k z 1 ) k z 1 k z 1 · sin ( d 1 · k z 1 ) cos ( d 1 · k z 1 ) ) ( cos ( d 2 · k z 2 ) − sin ( d 2 · k z 2 ) k z 1 k z 2 · sin ( d 2 · k z 2 ) cos ( d 2 · k z 2 ) ) ( 1 i k z 3 ) ​ ,
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