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Active-mirror-laser-amplifier thermal management with tunable helium pressure at cryogenic temperaturesAntonio Lucianetti, Daniel Albach, and Jean-Christophe Chanteloup »View Author Affiliations
Antonio Lucianetti,*
Daniel Albach,
and Jean-Christophe Chanteloup
LULI, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, CEA, UPMC; Route de Saclay, 91128 Palaiseau, France *Corresponding author: antonio.lucianetti@polytechnique.edu |
Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 13, pp. 12766-12780 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.012766
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Abstract
We illustrate the benefits of a thin, low pressure helium cell for efficient and safe heat removal in cryogenically-cooled active mirror laser amplifiers operating in the [100 J-1 kJ] / [1-10 Hz] range. A homogeneous gain medium temperature distribution averaging 160 K is obtained with a sub-mm helium-filled gap between the gain medium and a copper plate at 77 K. A significant degree of flexibility for tuning the temperature in the amplifier can be achieved by varying the pressure of the helium gas in the 102 to 105 Pa range.
© 2011 OSA
OCIS Codes
(140.3460) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers
(140.3580) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, solid-state
(140.6810) Lasers and laser optics : Thermal effects
(140.3615) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, ytterbium
ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics
History
Original Manuscript: April 27, 2011
Revised Manuscript: June 9, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: June 9, 2011
Published: June 16, 2011
Citation
Antonio Lucianetti, Daniel Albach, and Jean-Christophe Chanteloup, "Active-mirror-laser-amplifier thermal management with tunable helium pressure at cryogenic temperatures," Opt. Express 19, 12766-12780 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-13-12766
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References
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- M. Hornung, R. Bödefeld, M. Siebold, A. Kessler, M. Schnepp, R. Wachs, A. Sävert, S. Podleska, S. Keppler, J. Hein, and M. C. Kaluza, “Temporal pulse control of a multi-10 TW diode-pumped Yb:glass laser,” Appl. Phys. B 101(1-2), 93–102 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- M. Siebold, S. Bock, U. Schramm, B. Xu, J. L. Doualan, P. Camy, and R. Moncorgé, “Yb:CaF2- a new old laser crystal,” Appl. Phys. B 97(2), 327–338 (2009). [CrossRef]
- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
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- J.-C. Chanteloup, D. Albach, A. Lucianetti, K. Ertel, S. Banerjee, P. D. Mason, C. Hernandez-Gomez, J. L. Collier, J. Hein, M. Wolf, J. Körner, and B. J. L. Garrec, “Multi KJ level laser concepts for HiPER facility,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(1), 012010 (2010). [CrossRef]
- D. Albach, J.-C. Chanteloup, and G. Touzé, “Influence of ASE on the gain distribution in large size, high gain Yb3+:YAG slabs,” Opt. Express 17(5), 3792–3801 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Chénais, F. Druon, S. Forget, F. Balembois, and P. Georges, “On thermal effects in solid-state lasers: The case of ytterbium-doped materials,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 30(4), 89–153 (2006). [CrossRef]
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- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
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- M. Siebold, S. Bock, U. Schramm, B. Xu, J. L. Doualan, P. Camy, and R. Moncorgé, “Yb:CaF2- a new old laser crystal,” Appl. Phys. B 97(2), 327–338 (2009). [CrossRef]
- S. Chénais, F. Druon, S. Forget, F. Balembois, and P. Georges, “On thermal effects in solid-state lasers: The case of ytterbium-doped materials,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 30(4), 89–153 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. Dunne, “A high-power laser fusion facility for Europe,” Nat. Phys. 2(1), 2–5 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. J. Bayramian, R. W. Campbell, C. A. Ebbers, B. L. Freitas, J. Latkowski, W. A. Molander, S. B. Sutton, S. Telford, and J. A. Caird, “A laser technology test facility for laser inertial fusion energy (LIFE),” J. .Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(3), 032016 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Chanteloup, D. Albach, A. Lucianetti, K. Ertel, S. Banerjee, P. D. Mason, C. Hernandez-Gomez, J. L. Collier, J. Hein, M. Wolf, J. Körner, and B. J. L. Garrec, “Multi KJ level laser concepts for HiPER facility,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(1), 012010 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. C. Manni, J. D. Hybl, D. Rand, D. T. Ripin, J. R. Ochoa, and T. Y. Fan, “100-W Q-switched cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(1), 95–98 (2010). [CrossRef]
- T. Y. Fan, D. J. Ripin, R. L. Aggarwal, J. R. Ochoa, B. Chann, M. Tilleman, and J. Spitzberg, “Cryogenic Yb3+-doped solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13(3), 448–459 (2007). [CrossRef]
- T. Y. Fan, “Heat-generation in Nd:YAG and Yb:YAG,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29(6), 1457–1459 (1993). [CrossRef]
- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
- S. Chénais, F. Druon, S. Forget, F. Balembois, and P. Georges, “On thermal effects in solid-state lasers: The case of ytterbium-doped materials,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 30(4), 89–153 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. J. Bayramian, R. W. Campbell, C. A. Ebbers, B. L. Freitas, J. Latkowski, W. A. Molander, S. B. Sutton, S. Telford, and J. A. Caird, “A laser technology test facility for laser inertial fusion energy (LIFE),” J. .Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(3), 032016 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Chanteloup, D. Albach, A. Lucianetti, K. Ertel, S. Banerjee, P. D. Mason, C. Hernandez-Gomez, J. L. Collier, J. Hein, M. Wolf, J. Körner, and B. J. L. Garrec, “Multi KJ level laser concepts for HiPER facility,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(1), 012010 (2010). [CrossRef]
- S. Chénais, F. Druon, S. Forget, F. Balembois, and P. Georges, “On thermal effects in solid-state lasers: The case of ytterbium-doped materials,” Prog. Quantum Electron. 30(4), 89–153 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Chanteloup, D. Albach, A. Lucianetti, K. Ertel, S. Banerjee, P. D. Mason, C. Hernandez-Gomez, J. L. Collier, J. Hein, M. Wolf, J. Körner, and B. J. L. Garrec, “Multi KJ level laser concepts for HiPER facility,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(1), 012010 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. Hornung, R. Bödefeld, M. Siebold, A. Kessler, M. Schnepp, R. Wachs, A. Sävert, S. Podleska, S. Keppler, J. Hein, and M. C. Kaluza, “Temporal pulse control of a multi-10 TW diode-pumped Yb:glass laser,” Appl. Phys. B 101(1-2), 93–102 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Chanteloup, D. Albach, A. Lucianetti, K. Ertel, S. Banerjee, P. D. Mason, C. Hernandez-Gomez, J. L. Collier, J. Hein, M. Wolf, J. Körner, and B. J. L. Garrec, “Multi KJ level laser concepts for HiPER facility,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(1), 012010 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. Hornung, R. Bödefeld, M. Siebold, A. Kessler, M. Schnepp, R. Wachs, A. Sävert, S. Podleska, S. Keppler, J. Hein, and M. C. Kaluza, “Temporal pulse control of a multi-10 TW diode-pumped Yb:glass laser,” Appl. Phys. B 101(1-2), 93–102 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. C. Manni, J. D. Hybl, D. Rand, D. T. Ripin, J. R. Ochoa, and T. Y. Fan, “100-W Q-switched cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(1), 95–98 (2010). [CrossRef]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Hornung, R. Bödefeld, M. Siebold, A. Kessler, M. Schnepp, R. Wachs, A. Sävert, S. Podleska, S. Keppler, J. Hein, and M. C. Kaluza, “Temporal pulse control of a multi-10 TW diode-pumped Yb:glass laser,” Appl. Phys. B 101(1-2), 93–102 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Kawanaka, Y. Takeuchi, A. Yoshida, S. J. Pearce, R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, and H. Kan, “Highly efficient cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser,” Laser Phys. 20(5), 1079–1084 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Kawanaka, Y. Takeuchi, A. Yoshida, S. J. Pearce, R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, and H. Kan, “Highly efficient cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser,” Laser Phys. 20(5), 1079–1084 (2010). [CrossRef]
- H. Furuse, J. Kawanaka, K. Takeshita, N. Miyanaga, T. Saiki, K. Imasaki, M. Fujita, and S. Ishii, “Total-reflection active-mirror laser with cryogenic Yb:YAG ceramics,” Opt. Lett. 34(21), 3439–3441 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Kawanaka, Y. Takeuchi, A. Yoshida, S. J. Pearce, R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, and H. Kan, “Highly efficient cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser,” Laser Phys. 20(5), 1079–1084 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
- M. Hornung, R. Bödefeld, M. Siebold, A. Kessler, M. Schnepp, R. Wachs, A. Sävert, S. Podleska, S. Keppler, J. Hein, and M. C. Kaluza, “Temporal pulse control of a multi-10 TW diode-pumped Yb:glass laser,” Appl. Phys. B 101(1-2), 93–102 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. Hornung, R. Bödefeld, M. Siebold, A. Kessler, M. Schnepp, R. Wachs, A. Sävert, S. Podleska, S. Keppler, J. Hein, and M. C. Kaluza, “Temporal pulse control of a multi-10 TW diode-pumped Yb:glass laser,” Appl. Phys. B 101(1-2), 93–102 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Chanteloup, D. Albach, A. Lucianetti, K. Ertel, S. Banerjee, P. D. Mason, C. Hernandez-Gomez, J. L. Collier, J. Hein, M. Wolf, J. Körner, and B. J. L. Garrec, “Multi KJ level laser concepts for HiPER facility,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(1), 012010 (2010). [CrossRef]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. J. Bayramian, R. W. Campbell, C. A. Ebbers, B. L. Freitas, J. Latkowski, W. A. Molander, S. B. Sutton, S. Telford, and J. A. Caird, “A laser technology test facility for laser inertial fusion energy (LIFE),” J. .Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(3), 032016 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- J. C. Manni, J. D. Hybl, D. Rand, D. T. Ripin, J. R. Ochoa, and T. Y. Fan, “100-W Q-switched cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(1), 95–98 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Chanteloup, D. Albach, A. Lucianetti, K. Ertel, S. Banerjee, P. D. Mason, C. Hernandez-Gomez, J. L. Collier, J. Hein, M. Wolf, J. Körner, and B. J. L. Garrec, “Multi KJ level laser concepts for HiPER facility,” J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(1), 012010 (2010). [CrossRef]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Furuse, J. Kawanaka, K. Takeshita, N. Miyanaga, T. Saiki, K. Imasaki, M. Fujita, and S. Ishii, “Total-reflection active-mirror laser with cryogenic Yb:YAG ceramics,” Opt. Lett. 34(21), 3439–3441 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Bayramian, J. Armstrong, G. Beer, R. Campbell, B. Chai, R. Cross, A. Erlandson, Y. Fei, B. Freitas, R. Kent, J. Menapace, W. Molander, K. Schaffers, C. Siders, S. Sutton, J. Tassano, S. Telford, C. Ebbers, J. Caird, and C. Barty, “High-average-power femto-petawatt laser pumped by the mercury laser facility,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 25(7), B57–B61 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. J. Bayramian, R. W. Campbell, C. A. Ebbers, B. L. Freitas, J. Latkowski, W. A. Molander, S. B. Sutton, S. Telford, and J. A. Caird, “A laser technology test facility for laser inertial fusion energy (LIFE),” J. .Phys.: Conf. Ser. 244(3), 032016 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. Siebold, S. Bock, U. Schramm, B. Xu, J. L. Doualan, P. Camy, and R. Moncorgé, “Yb:CaF2- a new old laser crystal,” Appl. Phys. B 97(2), 327–338 (2009). [CrossRef]
- R. Yasuhara, T. Kawashima, T. Sekine, T. Kurita, T. Ikegawa, O. Matsumoto, M. Miyamoto, H. Kan, H. Yoshida, J. Kawanaka, M. Nakatsuka, N. Miyanaga, Y. Izawa, and T. Kanabe, “213 W average power of 2.4 GW pulsed thermally controlled Nd:glass zigzag slab laser with a stimulated Brillouin scattering mirror,” Opt. Lett. 33(15), 1711–1713 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. C. Manni, J. D. Hybl, D. Rand, D. T. Ripin, J. R. Ochoa, and T. Y. Fan, “100-W Q-switched cryogenically cooled Yb:YAG laser,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 46(1), 95–98 (2010). [CrossRef]
- T. Y. Fan, D. J. Ripin, R. L. Aggarwal, J. R. Ochoa, B. Chann, M. Tilleman, and J. Spitzberg, “Cryogenic Yb3+-doped solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13(3), 448–459 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- M. Hornung, R. Bödefeld, M. Siebold, A. Kessler, M. Schnepp, R. Wachs, A. Sävert, S. Podleska, S. Keppler, J. Hein, and M. C. Kaluza, “Temporal pulse control of a multi-10 TW diode-pumped Yb:glass laser,” Appl. Phys. B 101(1-2), 93–102 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- T. Y. Fan, D. J. Ripin, R. L. Aggarwal, J. R. Ochoa, B. Chann, M. Tilleman, and J. Spitzberg, “Cryogenic Yb3+-doped solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 13(3), 448–459 (2007). [CrossRef]
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