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Dipole emitters in fiber: interface effects, collection efficiency and optimizationMatthew R. Henderson, Shahraam Afshar V., Andrew D. Greentree, and Tanya M. Monro »View Author Affiliations
Matthew R. Henderson,1,*
Shahraam Afshar V.,1
Andrew D. Greentree,2
and Tanya M. Monro1
1Institute for Photonics & Advanced Sensing, School of Chemistry & Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia 2School of Physics, University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia *Corresponding author: matthew.henderson@adelaide.edu.au |
Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 17, pp. 16182-16194 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.016182
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Abstract
Single photon emitters coupled to optical fibers are becoming important as sources of non-classical light and nano-scale sensors. At present it is not possible to efficiently interface single photon emitters with the optical fiber platform, and there are particular challenges associated with the need to ensure highly efficient collection and delivery of emitted photons. To model single particle emission, we have considered the coupling of a dipole to an optical fiber mode as a function of orientation and position with respect to the core-cladding interface. Our model shows that it is possible to significantly enhance the collection efficiency into the guided modes as a result of modifications to the dipole emission pattern and power resulting from the surrounding fiber environment. For certain geometries the fiber-dipole coupling can result in a factor of 2.6 increase in the power emitted by the dipole.
© 2011 OSA
OCIS Codes
(060.0060) Fiber optics and optical communications : Fiber optics and optical communications
(270.0270) Quantum optics : Quantum optics
ToC Category:
Fiber Optics and Optical Communications
History
Original Manuscript: May 23, 2011
Revised Manuscript: July 11, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: July 13, 2011
Published: August 9, 2011
Citation
Matthew R. Henderson, Shahraam Afshar V., Andrew D. Greentree, and Tanya M. Monro, "Dipole emitters in fiber: interface effects, collection efficiency and optimization," Opt. Express 19, 16182-16194 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-17-16182
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References
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Afshar V., S.
Aharonovich, I.
Aichele, T.
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Anger, P.
Awschalom, D. D.
Babinec, T. M.
Banholzer, M. J.
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Beausoleil, R. G.
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Benson, O.
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- M. R. Henderson, B. C. Gibson, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, K. Kuan, S. Afshar V., J. O. Orwa, I. Aharonovich, S. Tomljenovic-Hanic, A. D. Greentree, S. Prawer, and T. M. Monro, “Diamond in tellurite glass: a new medium for quantum information,” Adv. Mater. 23, 2806–2810 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. M. Monro, S. Warren-Smith, E. P. Schartner, A. François, S. Heng, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, and S. Afshar V., “Sensing with suspended-core optical fibers,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 16, 343–356 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- I. Aharonovich, S. Castelletto, D. A. Simpson, C.-H. Su, A. D. Greentree, and S. Prawer, “Diamond based single photon emitters,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 74, 076501 (2011). [CrossRef]
- M. R. Henderson, B. C. Gibson, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, K. Kuan, S. Afshar V., J. O. Orwa, I. Aharonovich, S. Tomljenovic-Hanic, A. D. Greentree, S. Prawer, and T. M. Monro, “Diamond in tellurite glass: a new medium for quantum information,” Adv. Mater. 23, 2806–2810 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- T. Schroder, A. W. Schell, G. Kewes, T. Aichele, and O. Benson, “Fiber-integrated diamond-based single photon source,” Nano Lett. 11, 198–202 (2011). [CrossRef]
- P. Anger, P. Bharadwaj, and L. Novotny, “Enhancement and quenching of single-molecule fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 113002 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. D. Awschalom, R. Epstein, and R. Hanson, “The diamond age of spintronics,” Sci. Am. 297, 84–91 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. M. Babinec, B. J. M. Hausmann, M. Khan, Y. Zhang, J. R. Maze, P. R. Hemmer, and M. Loncar, “A diamond nanowire single-photon source,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 195–199 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Schröder, F. Gädeke, M. J. Banholzer, and O. Benson, “Ultra-bright and efficient single photon generation based on n-v centres in nanodiamonds on a solid immersion lens,” New J. Phys. 13, 055017 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. Faraon, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. C. Fu, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Resonant enhancement of the zero-phonon emission from a colour centre in a diamond cavity,” Nat. Photonics 5, 301–305 (2011). [CrossRef]
- K.-M. C. Fu, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, A. Faraon, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Low-temperature tapered-fiber probing of diamond nitrogen-vacancy ensembles coupled to GaP microcavities,” New J. Phys. 13, 055023 (2011). [CrossRef]
- P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. Fu, R. G. Beausoleil, and O. Painter, “Coherent interference effects in a nano-assembled diamond NV center cavity-QED system,” Opt. Express 17, 8081–8097 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K.-M. C. Fu, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, A. Faraon, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Low-temperature tapered-fiber probing of diamond nitrogen-vacancy ensembles coupled to GaP microcavities,” New J. Phys. 13, 055023 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. Faraon, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. C. Fu, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Resonant enhancement of the zero-phonon emission from a colour centre in a diamond cavity,” Nat. Photonics 5, 301–305 (2011). [CrossRef]
- P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. Fu, R. G. Beausoleil, and O. Painter, “Coherent interference effects in a nano-assembled diamond NV center cavity-QED system,” Opt. Express 17, 8081–8097 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Benisty, H. De Neve, and C. Weisbuch, “Impact of planar microcavity effects on light extraction — part I: basic concepts and analytical trends,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 1612–1631 (1998). [CrossRef]
- T. Schröder, F. Gädeke, M. J. Banholzer, and O. Benson, “Ultra-bright and efficient single photon generation based on n-v centres in nanodiamonds on a solid immersion lens,” New J. Phys. 13, 055017 (2011). [CrossRef]
- T. Schroder, A. W. Schell, G. Kewes, T. Aichele, and O. Benson, “Fiber-integrated diamond-based single photon source,” Nano Lett. 11, 198–202 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. F. Oskooi, D. Roundy, M. Ibanescu, P. Bermel, J. D. Joannopoulos, and S. G. Johnson, “MEEP: a flexible free-software package for electromagnetic simulations by the FDTD method,” Comput. Phys. Commun. 181, 687–702 (2010). [CrossRef]
- P. Anger, P. Bharadwaj, and L. Novotny, “Enhancement and quenching of single-molecule fluorescence,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 113002 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Siyushev, F. Kaiser, V. Jacques, I. Gerhardt, S. Bischof, H. Fedder, J. Dodson, M. Markham, D. Twitchen, F. Jelezko, and J. Wrachtrup, “Monolithic diamond optics for single photon detection,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 241902 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J.-P. Hermier, M. Dahan, X. Brokmann, and L. Coolen, “Emission properties of single CdSe/ZnS quantum dots close to a dielectric interface,” Chem. Phys. 318, 91–98 (2005). [CrossRef]
- I. Aharonovich, S. Castelletto, D. A. Simpson, C.-H. Su, A. D. Greentree, and S. Prawer, “Diamond based single photon emitters,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 74, 076501 (2011). [CrossRef]
- Y.-S. Park, A. K. Cook, and H. Wang, “Cavity QED with diamond nanocrystals and silica microspheres,” Nano Lett. 6, 2075–2079 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J.-P. Hermier, M. Dahan, X. Brokmann, and L. Coolen, “Emission properties of single CdSe/ZnS quantum dots close to a dielectric interface,” Chem. Phys. 318, 91–98 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J.-P. Hermier, M. Dahan, X. Brokmann, and L. Coolen, “Emission properties of single CdSe/ZnS quantum dots close to a dielectric interface,” Chem. Phys. 318, 91–98 (2005). [CrossRef]
- H. Benisty, H. De Neve, and C. Weisbuch, “Impact of planar microcavity effects on light extraction — part I: basic concepts and analytical trends,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 1612–1631 (1998). [CrossRef]
- P. Siyushev, F. Kaiser, V. Jacques, I. Gerhardt, S. Bischof, H. Fedder, J. Dodson, M. Markham, D. Twitchen, F. Jelezko, and J. Wrachtrup, “Monolithic diamond optics for single photon detection,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 241902 (2010). [CrossRef]
- L. Marseglia, J. P. Hadden, A. C. Stanley-Clarke, J. P. Harrison, B. Patton, Y.-L. D. Ho, B. Naydenov, F. Jelezko, J. Meijer, P. R. Dolan, J. M. Smith, J. G. Rarity, and J. L. O’Brien, “Nano-fabricated solid immersion lenses registered to single emitters in diamond,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 189902 (2011).
- M. R. Henderson, B. C. Gibson, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, K. Kuan, S. Afshar V., J. O. Orwa, I. Aharonovich, S. Tomljenovic-Hanic, A. D. Greentree, S. Prawer, and T. M. Monro, “Diamond in tellurite glass: a new medium for quantum information,” Adv. Mater. 23, 2806–2810 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. M. Monro, S. Warren-Smith, E. P. Schartner, A. François, S. Heng, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, and S. Afshar V., “Sensing with suspended-core optical fibers,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 16, 343–356 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. R. Oermann, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, Y. Li, T.-C. Foo, and T. M. Monro, “Index matching between passive and active tellurite glasses for use in microstructured fiber lasers: erbium doped lanthanum-tellurite glass,” Opt. Express 17, 15578–15584 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Englund, B. Shields, K. Rivoire, F. Hatami, J. Vučković, H. Park, and M. D. Lukin, “Deterministic coupling of a single nitrogen vacancy center to a photonic crystal cavity,” Nano Lett. 10, 3922–3926 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. D. Awschalom, R. Epstein, and R. Hanson, “The diamond age of spintronics,” Sci. Am. 297, 84–91 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K.-M. C. Fu, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, A. Faraon, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Low-temperature tapered-fiber probing of diamond nitrogen-vacancy ensembles coupled to GaP microcavities,” New J. Phys. 13, 055023 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. Faraon, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. C. Fu, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Resonant enhancement of the zero-phonon emission from a colour centre in a diamond cavity,” Nat. Photonics 5, 301–305 (2011). [CrossRef]
- P. Siyushev, F. Kaiser, V. Jacques, I. Gerhardt, S. Bischof, H. Fedder, J. Dodson, M. Markham, D. Twitchen, F. Jelezko, and J. Wrachtrup, “Monolithic diamond optics for single photon detection,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 241902 (2010). [CrossRef]
- T. M. Monro, S. Warren-Smith, E. P. Schartner, A. François, S. Heng, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, and S. Afshar V., “Sensing with suspended-core optical fibers,” Opt. Fiber Technol. 16, 343–356 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. Faraon, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, K.-M. C. Fu, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Resonant enhancement of the zero-phonon emission from a colour centre in a diamond cavity,” Nat. Photonics 5, 301–305 (2011). [CrossRef]
- K.-M. C. Fu, P. E. Barclay, C. Santori, A. Faraon, and R. G. Beausoleil, “Low-temperature tapered-fiber probing of diamond nitrogen-vacancy ensembles coupled to GaP microcavities,” New J. Phys. 13, 055023 (2011). [CrossRef]
- T. Schröder, F. Gädeke, M. J. Banholzer, and O. Benson, “Ultra-bright and efficient single photon generation based on n-v centres in nanodiamonds on a solid immersion lens,” New J. Phys. 13, 055017 (2011). [CrossRef]
- P. Siyushev, F. Kaiser, V. Jacques, I. Gerhardt, S. Bischof, H. Fedder, J. Dodson, M. Markham, D. Twitchen, F. Jelezko, and J. Wrachtrup, “Monolithic diamond optics for single photon detection,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 97, 241902 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. R. Henderson, B. C. Gibson, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, K. Kuan, S. Afshar V., J. O. Orwa, I. Aharonovich, S. Tomljenovic-Hanic, A. D. Greentree, S. Prawer, and T. M. Monro, “Diamond in tellurite glass: a new medium for quantum information,” Adv. Mater. 23, 2806–2810 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Ampem-Lassen, D. A. Simpson, B. C. Gibson, S. Trpkovski, F. M. Hossain, S. T. Huntington, K. Ganesan, L. C. Hollenberg, and S. Prawer, “Nano-manipulation of diamond-based single photon sources,” Opt. Express 17, 11287–11293 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Rabeau, S. Huntington, A. Greentree, and S. Prawer, “Diamond chemical-vapor deposition on optical fibers for fluorescence waveguiding,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86, 134104 (2005). [CrossRef]
- I. Aharonovich, A. D. Greentree, and S. Prawer, “Diamond photonics,” Nat. Photonics 5, 397–405 (2011). [CrossRef]
- M. R. Henderson, B. C. Gibson, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, K. Kuan, S. Afshar V., J. O. Orwa, I. Aharonovich, S. Tomljenovic-Hanic, A. D. Greentree, S. Prawer, and T. M. Monro, “Diamond in tellurite glass: a new medium for quantum information,” Adv. Mater. 23, 2806–2810 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- I. Aharonovich, S. Castelletto, D. A. Simpson, C.-H. Su, A. D. Greentree, and S. Prawer, “Diamond based single photon emitters,” Rep. Prog. Phys. 74, 076501 (2011). [CrossRef]
- L. Marseglia, J. P. Hadden, A. C. Stanley-Clarke, J. P. Harrison, B. Patton, Y.-L. D. Ho, B. Naydenov, F. Jelezko, J. Meijer, P. R. Dolan, J. M. Smith, J. G. Rarity, and J. L. O’Brien, “Nano-fabricated solid immersion lenses registered to single emitters in diamond,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 189902 (2011).
- D. D. Awschalom, R. Epstein, and R. Hanson, “The diamond age of spintronics,” Sci. Am. 297, 84–91 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Marseglia, J. P. Hadden, A. C. Stanley-Clarke, J. P. Harrison, B. Patton, Y.-L. D. Ho, B. Naydenov, F. Jelezko, J. Meijer, P. R. Dolan, J. M. Smith, J. G. Rarity, and J. L. O’Brien, “Nano-fabricated solid immersion lenses registered to single emitters in diamond,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 98, 189902 (2011).
- D. Englund, B. Shields, K. Rivoire, F. Hatami, J. Vučković, H. Park, and M. D. Lukin, “Deterministic coupling of a single nitrogen vacancy center to a photonic crystal cavity,” Nano Lett. 10, 3922–3926 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. M. Babinec, B. J. M. Hausmann, M. Khan, Y. Zhang, J. R. Maze, P. R. Hemmer, and M. Loncar, “A diamond nanowire single-photon source,” Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 195–199 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Adv. Mater.
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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IEEE J. Quantum Electron.
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Nano Lett.
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Nat. Nanotechnol.
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