Out-of-plane resonances in terahertz photonic crystal slabs modulated by optical pumping

doi:10.1364/OE.19.020808

Out-of-plane resonances in terahertz photonic crystal slabs modulated by optical pumping

Yulei Shi, Qing-li Zhou, Wei Liu, and Cunlin Zhang »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 21, pp. 20808-20816 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.020808

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Abstract

This paper describes detailed optical-pump-terahertz-probe studies of two-dimensional photonic crystal slabs for propagation perpendicular to the slabs. When the slabs are excited by an 800 nm pump pulse and the effect of shielding by photocarriers is removed, we find that the decaying tail in the transmitted terahertz radiation is strikingly enhanced. The photocarriers weaken guided resonances, but they also greatly enhance the excitation efficiency of guided resonances and the ability of the guided resonances to transfer energy back to the radiation field. This increases the resonance-assisted contribution to transmitted field. The photoinduced resonant extremes agree well with the Fano model.

OCIS Codes
(190.0190) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics
(260.5740) Physical optics : Resonance
(230.5298) Optical devices : Photonic crystals

ToC Category:
Photonic Crystals

History
Original Manuscript: July 22, 2011
Revised Manuscript: September 16, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: September 19, 2011
Published: October 4, 2011

Citation
Yulei Shi, Qing-li Zhou, Wei Liu, and Cunlin Zhang, "Out-of-plane resonances in terahertz photonic crystal slabs modulated by optical pumping," Opt. Express 19, 20808-20816 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-21-20808

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References

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S. Fan, W. Suh, and J. D. Joannopoulos, “Temporal coupled-mode theory for the Fano resonance in optical resonators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A20(3), 569–572 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. A. Erchak, D. J. Ripin, S. Fan, P. Rakich, J. D. Joannopoulos, E. P. Ippen, G. S. Petrich, and L. A. Kolodziejski, “Enhanced coupling to vertical radiation using a two-dimensional photonic crystal in a semiconductor light-emitting diode,” Appl. Phys. Lett.78(5), 563–565 (2001). [CrossRef]
W. Zhang, A. K. Azad, J. Han, J. Xu, J. Chen, and X.-C. Zhang, “Direct observation of a transition of a surface plasmon resonance from a photonic crystal effect,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98(18), 183901 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Z. Jian and D. M. Mittleman, “Broadband group-velocity anomaly in transmission through a terahertz photonic crystal slab,” Phys. Rev. B73(11), 115118 (2006). [CrossRef]
Z. Jian and D. M. Mittleman, “Out-of-plane dispersion and homogenization in photonic crystal slabs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.87(19), 191113 (2005). [CrossRef]
J. E. Pedersen, V. G. Lyssenko, J. M. Hvam, P. U. Jepsen, S. R. Keiding, C. B. So?rensen, and P. E. Lindelof, “Ultrafast local field dynamics in photoconductive THz antennas,” Appl. Phys. Lett.62(11), 1265–1267 (1993). [CrossRef]
B. Hu, E. de Souza, W. Knox, J. Cunningham, M. Nuss, A. Kuznetsov, and S. Chuang, “Identifying the distinct phases of carrier transport in semiconductors with 10 fs resolution,” Phys. Rev. Lett.74(9), 1689–1692 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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M. C. Beard, G. M. Turner, and C. A. Schmuttenmaer, “Transient photoconductivity in GaAs as measured by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B62(23), 15764–15777 (2000). [CrossRef]
T. Dekorsy, H. Auer, C. Waschke, H. J. Bakker, H. G. Roskos, H. Kurz, V. Wagner, and P. Grosse, “Emission of submillimeter electromagnetic waves by coherent phonons,” Phys. Rev. Lett.74(5), 738–741 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. Shi, Q. L. Zhou, C. Zhang, and B. Jin, “Ultrafast high-field carrier transport in GaAs measured by femtosecond pump-terahertz probe spectroscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.93(12), 121115 (2008). [CrossRef]
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M. Kanskar, P. Paddon, V. Pacradouni, R. Morin, A. Busch, J. F. Young, S. R. Johnson, J. MacKenzie, and T. Tiedje, “Observation of leaky slab modes in an air-bridged semiconductor waveguide with a two-dimensional photonic lattice,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70(11), 1438–1440 (1997). [CrossRef]
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M. Walther, D. G. Cooke, C. Sherstan, M. Hajar, M. R. Freeman, and F. A. Hegmann, “Terahertz conductivity of thin gold films at the metal-insulator percolation transition,” Phys. Rev. B76(12), 125408 (2007). [CrossRef]

Alexander, M.
Auer, H.
Azad, A. K.
Bakker, H. J.
Beard, M. C.
Bliss, D.
Busch, A.
Chen, J.
Chuang, S.
Cooke, D. G.
Cunningham, J.
de Souza, E.
Dekorsy, T.
Dumoulin, L.
Erchak, A. A.
Fan, S.
Freeman, M. R.
Grosse, P.
Hajar, M.
Han, J.
Hegmann, F. A.
Hu, B.
Hvam, J. M.
Ippen, E. P.
Jepsen, P. U.
Jian, Z.
Jin, B.
Jin, Y.
Joannopoulos, J. D.
Johnson, S. G.
Johnson, S. R.
Kanskar, M.
Keiding, S. R.
Knox, W.
Kolodziejski, L. A.
Kurz, H.
Kuznetsov, A.
Larkin, J.
Lesueur, J.
Lindelof, P. E.
Litz, M.
Lyssenko, V. G.
Ma, X. F.
MacKenzie, J.
Mittleman, D. M.
Morin, R.
Nedellec, P.
Nuss, M.
Pacradouni, V.
Paddon, P.
Pedersen, J. E.
Petrich, G. S.
Rakich, P.
Rice, A.
Ripin, D. J.
Roskos, H. G.
Schmuttenmaer, C. A.
Sherstan, C.
Shi, Y.
So?rensen, C. B.
Suh, W.
Tiedje, T.
Turner, G. M.
Villeneuve, P. R.
Wagner, V.
Walther, M.
Waschke, C.
Wu, Q.
Xu, J.
Young, J. F.
Zhang, C.
Zhang, W.
Zhang, X. C.
Zhang, X.-C.
Zhou, Q. L.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

Z. Jian and D. M. Mittleman, “Out-of-plane dispersion and homogenization in photonic crystal slabs,” Appl. Phys. Lett.87(19), 191113 (2005). [CrossRef]
J. E. Pedersen, V. G. Lyssenko, J. M. Hvam, P. U. Jepsen, S. R. Keiding, C. B. So?rensen, and P. E. Lindelof, “Ultrafast local field dynamics in photoconductive THz antennas,” Appl. Phys. Lett.62(11), 1265–1267 (1993). [CrossRef]
A. A. Erchak, D. J. Ripin, S. Fan, P. Rakich, J. D. Joannopoulos, E. P. Ippen, G. S. Petrich, and L. A. Kolodziejski, “Enhanced coupling to vertical radiation using a two-dimensional photonic crystal in a semiconductor light-emitting diode,” Appl. Phys. Lett.78(5), 563–565 (2001). [CrossRef]
Y. Shi, Q. L. Zhou, C. Zhang, and B. Jin, “Ultrafast high-field carrier transport in GaAs measured by femtosecond pump-terahertz probe spectroscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.93(12), 121115 (2008). [CrossRef]
A. Rice, Y. Jin, X. F. Ma, X.-C. Zhang, D. Bliss, J. Larkin, and M. Alexander, “Terahertz optical rectification from ‹110› zinc?blende crystals,” Appl. Phys. Lett.64(11), 1324–1326 (1994). [CrossRef]
Q. Wu, M. Litz, and X. C. Zhang, “Broadband detection capability of ZnTe electro-optic field detectors,” Appl. Phys. Lett.68(21), 2924–2926 (1996). [CrossRef]
M. Kanskar, P. Paddon, V. Pacradouni, R. Morin, A. Busch, J. F. Young, S. R. Johnson, J. MacKenzie, and T. Tiedje, “Observation of leaky slab modes in an air-bridged semiconductor waveguide with a two-dimensional photonic lattice,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70(11), 1438–1440 (1997). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. A

S. Fan, W. Suh, and J. D. Joannopoulos, “Temporal coupled-mode theory for the Fano resonance in optical resonators,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A20(3), 569–572 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. B

S. Fan and J. D. Joannopoulos, “Analysis of guided resonances in photonic crystal slabs,” Phys. Rev. B65(23), 235112 (2002). [CrossRef]
S. G. Johnson, S. Fan, P. R. Villeneuve, J. D. Joannopoulos, and L. A. Kolodziejski, “Guided modes in photonic crystal slabs,” Phys. Rev. B60(8), 5751–5758 (1999). [CrossRef]
M. C. Beard, G. M. Turner, and C. A. Schmuttenmaer, “Transient photoconductivity in GaAs as measured by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. B62(23), 15764–15777 (2000). [CrossRef]
Z. Jian and D. M. Mittleman, “Broadband group-velocity anomaly in transmission through a terahertz photonic crystal slab,” Phys. Rev. B73(11), 115118 (2006). [CrossRef]
M. Walther, D. G. Cooke, C. Sherstan, M. Hajar, M. R. Freeman, and F. A. Hegmann, “Terahertz conductivity of thin gold films at the metal-insulator percolation transition,” Phys. Rev. B76(12), 125408 (2007). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

T. Dekorsy, H. Auer, C. Waschke, H. J. Bakker, H. G. Roskos, H. Kurz, V. Wagner, and P. Grosse, “Emission of submillimeter electromagnetic waves by coherent phonons,” Phys. Rev. Lett.74(5), 738–741 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
W. Zhang, A. K. Azad, J. Han, J. Xu, J. Chen, and X.-C. Zhang, “Direct observation of a transition of a surface plasmon resonance from a photonic crystal effect,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98(18), 183901 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Hu, E. de Souza, W. Knox, J. Cunningham, M. Nuss, A. Kuznetsov, and S. Chuang, “Identifying the distinct phases of carrier transport in semiconductors with 10 fs resolution,” Phys. Rev. Lett.74(9), 1689–1692 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Lesueur, L. Dumoulin, and P. Nedellec, “Metal-insulator transition in quench-condensed AlxGe1-x: “scaling” and tunneling experiments,” Phys. Rev. Lett.55(21), 2355–2358 (1985). [CrossRef]

Other

J. D. Joannopoulos, R. D. Meade, and J. N. Winn, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light (Princeton University Press, 1995).
“GaAs band structure and carrier concentration,” http://www.ioffe.ru/SVA/NSM/Semicond/GaAs/bandstr.html .

2008, Shi, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2007, Zhang, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2007, Walther, Phys. Rev. B
2006, Jian, Phys. Rev. B
2005, Jian, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2003, Fan, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A
2002, Fan, Phys. Rev. B
2001, Erchak, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2000, Beard, Phys. Rev. B
1999, Johnson, Phys. Rev. B
1997, Kanskar, Appl. Phys. Lett.
1996, Wu, Appl. Phys. Lett.
1995, Dekorsy, Phys. Rev. Lett.
1995, Hu, Phys. Rev. Lett.
1994, Rice, Appl. Phys. Lett.
1993, Pedersen, Appl. Phys. Lett.
1985, Lesueur, Phys. Rev. Lett.

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