We demonstrate all-optical wavelength conversion at 10 Gb/s for differential phase-shift keyed (DPSK) data signals in the C-band, based on four-wave mixing (FWM) in a silicon ring resonator. Error-free operation with a system penalty of ~4.1 dB at 10⁻⁹ BER is achieved.

© 2011 OSA

1. Nature Photonics Workshop on the Future of Optical Communications; Tokyo, Japan, Oct. 2007. www.nature.com/nphoton/supplements/techconference2007
2. B. Metcalfe, Toward Terabit Ethernet Plenary Talk, Optical Fiber Communications 2008, see www.ofcnfoec.org/conference_program/Plenary-video.aspx and www.lightreading.com/tv/tv_popup.asp?doc_id=146223
3. M. Galili, J. Xu, H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenløwe, A. T. Clausen, P. Jeppesen, B. Luther-Davis, S. Madden, A. Rode, D.-Y. Choi, M. Pelusi, F. Luan, and B. J. Eggleton, “Breakthrough switching speed with an all-optical chalcogenide glass chip: 640 Gbit/s demultiplexing,” Opt. Express17(4), 2182–2187 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. B. J. Eggleton, D. J. Moss, and S. Radic, Nonlinear Optics in Communications: From Crippling Impairment to Ultrafast Tools Ch. 20 (Academic Press, Oxford, 2008).
5. H. C. Hansen Mulvad, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenløwe, H. Hu, A. T. Clausen, J. B. Jensen, C. Peucheret, and P. Jeppesen, “Demonstration of 5.1 Tbit/s data capacity on a single-wavelength channel,” Opt. Express18(2), 1438–1443 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. D. Hillerkuss, R. Schmogrow, T. Schellinger, M. Jordan, M. Winter, G. Huber, T. Vallaitis, R. Bonk, P. Kleinow, F. Frey, M. Roeger, S. Koenig, A. Ludwig, A. Marculescu, J. Li, M. Hoh, M. Dreschmann, J. Meyer, S. Ben Ezra, N. Narkiss, B. Nebendahl, F. Parmigiani, P. Petropoulos, B. Resan, A. Oehler, K. Weingarten, T. Ellermeyer, J. Lutz, M. Moeller, M. Huebner, J. Becker, C. Koos, W. Freude, and J. Leuthold, “26 Tbit s−1 line-rate super-channel transmission utilizing all-optical fast Fourier transform processing,” Nat. Photonics5(6), 364–371 (2011). [CrossRef]
7. S. J. B. Yoo, “Wavelength conversion technologies for WDM network applications,” J. Lightwave Technol.14(6), 955–966 (1996). [CrossRef]
8. B. Ramamurthy and B. Mukherjee, “Wavelength conversion in WDM networking,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm.16(7), 1061–1073 (1998). [CrossRef]
9. D. Nesset, D. D. Marcenac, P. L. Mason, A. E. Kelly, S. Bouchoule, and E. Lach, “Simultaneous wavelength conversion of two 40 Gbit/s channels using four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier,” Electron. Lett.34(1), 107–108 (1998). [CrossRef]
10. K. K. Chow, C. Shu, L. Chinlon, and A. Bjarklev, “Polarization-insensitive widely tunable wavelength converter based on four-wave mixing in a dispersion-flattened nonlinear photonic crystal fiber,” Photon. Technol. Lett.17(3), 624–626 (2005). [CrossRef]
11. M. R. E. Lamont, V. G. Ta'eed, M. A. F. Roelens, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, D. Choy, S. Madden, and B. Luther-Davies, “Error-free wavelength conversion via cross phase modulation in 5 cm of As2S3 chalcogenide glass rib waveguide,” Electron. Lett.43(17), 945 (2007). [CrossRef]
12. D. I. Yeom, E. C. Mägi, M. R. E. Lamont, M. A. F. Roelens, L. Fu, and B. J. Eggleton, “Low-threshold supercontinuum generation in highly nonlinear chalcogenide nanowires,” Opt. Lett.33(7), 660–662 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. R. Salem, M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, D. F. Geraghty, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Signal regeneration using low-power four-wave mixing on silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics2(1), 35–38 (2008). [CrossRef]
14. B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, A. C. Turner-Foster, M. A. Foster, M. Lipson, A. L. Gaeta, and K. Bergman, “Demonstration of broadband wavelength conversion at 40 Gb/s in silicon waveguides,” Photon. Technol.Lett.21(3), 182–184 (2009). [CrossRef]
15. F. Li, M. Pelusi, D. X. Xu, A. Densmore, R. Ma, S. Janz, and D. J. Moss, “Error-free all-optical demultiplexing at 160Gb/s via FWM in a silicon nanowire,” Opt. Express18(4), 3905–3910 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
16. H. Ji, M. Pu, H. Hu, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenlowe, K. Yvind, J. M. Hvam, and P. Jeppensen, “Optical Waveform Sampling and Error-Free Demultiplexing of 1.28 Tb/s Serial Data in a Nano engineered Silicon Waveguide,” J. Lightwave Technol.29(4), 426–431 (2011). [CrossRef]
17. M. D. Pelusi, F. Luan, S. J. Madden, D.-Y. Choi, D. A. Bulla, B. Luther-Davies, and B. J. Eggleton, “Wavelength Conversion of High-Speed Phase and Intensity Modulated Signals Using a Highly Nonlinear Chalcogenide Glass Chip,” Photon. Technol. Lett.22(1), 3–5 (2010). [CrossRef]
18. V. G. Ta’eed, M. R. E. Lamont, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, D. Y. Choi, S. Madden, and B. Luther-Davies, “All optical wavelength conversion via cross phase modulation in chalcogenide glass rib waveguides,” Opt. Express14(23), 11242–11247 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
19. K. Ikeda, R. E. Saperstein, N. Alic, and Y. Fainman, “Thermal and Kerr nonlinear properties of plasma-deposited silicon nitride/ silicon dioxide waveguides,” Opt. Express16(17), 12987–12994 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
20. D. T. H. Tan, P. C. Sun, and Y. Fainman, “Monolithic nonlinear pulse compressor on a silicon chip,” Nat Commun1(8), 116 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
21. A. Gondarenko, J. S. Levy, and M. Lipson, “High confinement micron-scale silicon nitride high Q ring resonator,” Opt. Express17(14), 11366–11370 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
22. D. Duchesne, M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, R. Morandotti, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, and D. J. Moss, “Efficient self-phase modulation in low loss, high index doped silica glass integrated waveguides,” Opt. Express17(3), 1865–1870 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
23. A. Pasquazi, Y. Park, J. Azaña, F. Légaré, R. Morandotti, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, and D. J. Moss, “Efficient wavelength conversion and net parametric gain via four wave mixing in a high index doped silica waveguide,” Opt. Express18(8), 7634–7641 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
24. M. Peccianti, M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, R. Morandotti, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, and D. J. Moss, “Subpicosecond optical pulse compression via an integrated nonlinear chirper,” Opt. Express18(8), 7625–7633 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
25. A. Pasquazi, M. Peccianti, Y. Park, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, R. Morandotti, J. Azaña, and D. J. Moss, “Sub-picosecond phase-sensitive optical pulse characterization on a chip,” Nat. Photonics5(9), 618–623 (2011). [CrossRef]
26. P. P. Absil, J. V. Hryniewicz, B. E. Little, P. S. Cho, R. A. Wilson, L. G. Joneckis, and P.-T. Ho, “Wavelength conversion in GaAs micro-ring resonators,” Opt. Lett.25(8), 554–556 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
27. A. C. Turner, M. A. Foster, A. L. Gaeta, and M. Lipson, “Ultra-low power parametric frequency conversion in a silicon microring resonator,” Opt. Express16(7), 4881–4887 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
28. M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, D. Duchesne, R. Morandotti, Z. Yang, M. Liscidini, J. E. Sipe, S. Chu, B. E. Little, and D. J. Moss, “Low-power continuous-wave nonlinear optics in doped silica glass integrated waveguide structures,” Nat. Photonics2(12), 737–740 (2008). [CrossRef]
29. L. Razzari, D. Duchesne, M. Ferrera, R. Morandotti, S. Chu, B. E. Little, and D. J. Moss, “CMOS-compatible integrated optical hyper-parametric oscillator,” Nat. Photonics4(1), 41–45 (2010). [CrossRef]
30. J. S. Levy, A. Gondarenko, M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner-Foster, A. L. Gaeta, and M. Lipson, “CMOS-compatible multiple-wavelength oscillator for on-chip optical interconnects,” Nat. Photonics4(1), 37–40 (2010). [CrossRef]
31. A. Pasquazi, R. Ahmad, M. Rochette, M. Lamont, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, R. Morandotti, and D. J. Moss, “All-optical wavelength conversion in an integrated ring resonator,” Opt. Express18(4), 3858–3863 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
32. F. Morichetti, A. Canciamilla, C. Ferrari, A. Samarelli, M. Sorel, and A. Melloni, “Travelling-wave resonant four-wave mixing breaks the limits of cavity-enhanced all-optical wavelength conversion,” Nat Commun2, 296 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
33. M. Notomi, A. Shinya, S. Mitsugi, G. Kira, E. Kuramochi, and T. Tanabe, “Optical bistable switching action of Si high-Q photonic-crystal nanocavities,” Opt. Express13(7), 2678–2687 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Electron. Lett.

• D. Nesset, D. D. Marcenac, P. L. Mason, A. E. Kelly, S. Bouchoule, and E. Lach, “Simultaneous wavelength conversion of two 40 Gbit/s channels using four-wave mixing in a semiconductor optical amplifier,” Electron. Lett.34(1), 107–108 (1998). [CrossRef]
• M. R. E. Lamont, V. G. Ta'eed, M. A. F. Roelens, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, D. Choy, S. Madden, and B. Luther-Davies, “Error-free wavelength conversion via cross phase modulation in 5 cm of As2S3 chalcogenide glass rib waveguide,” Electron. Lett.43(17), 945 (2007). [CrossRef]

IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm.

• B. Ramamurthy and B. Mukherjee, “Wavelength conversion in WDM networking,” IEEE J. Sel. Areas Comm.16(7), 1061–1073 (1998). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• S. J. B. Yoo, “Wavelength conversion technologies for WDM network applications,” J. Lightwave Technol.14(6), 955–966 (1996). [CrossRef]
• H. Ji, M. Pu, H. Hu, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenlowe, K. Yvind, J. M. Hvam, and P. Jeppensen, “Optical Waveform Sampling and Error-Free Demultiplexing of 1.28 Tb/s Serial Data in a Nano engineered Silicon Waveguide,” J. Lightwave Technol.29(4), 426–431 (2011). [CrossRef]

Nat Commun

• D. T. H. Tan, P. C. Sun, and Y. Fainman, “Monolithic nonlinear pulse compressor on a silicon chip,” Nat Commun1(8), 116 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• F. Morichetti, A. Canciamilla, C. Ferrari, A. Samarelli, M. Sorel, and A. Melloni, “Travelling-wave resonant four-wave mixing breaks the limits of cavity-enhanced all-optical wavelength conversion,” Nat Commun2, 296 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nat. Photonics

• M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, D. Duchesne, R. Morandotti, Z. Yang, M. Liscidini, J. E. Sipe, S. Chu, B. E. Little, and D. J. Moss, “Low-power continuous-wave nonlinear optics in doped silica glass integrated waveguide structures,” Nat. Photonics2(12), 737–740 (2008). [CrossRef]
• L. Razzari, D. Duchesne, M. Ferrera, R. Morandotti, S. Chu, B. E. Little, and D. J. Moss, “CMOS-compatible integrated optical hyper-parametric oscillator,” Nat. Photonics4(1), 41–45 (2010). [CrossRef]
• J. S. Levy, A. Gondarenko, M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner-Foster, A. L. Gaeta, and M. Lipson, “CMOS-compatible multiple-wavelength oscillator for on-chip optical interconnects,” Nat. Photonics4(1), 37–40 (2010). [CrossRef]
• A. Pasquazi, M. Peccianti, Y. Park, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, R. Morandotti, J. Azaña, and D. J. Moss, “Sub-picosecond phase-sensitive optical pulse characterization on a chip,” Nat. Photonics5(9), 618–623 (2011). [CrossRef]
• R. Salem, M. A. Foster, A. C. Turner, D. F. Geraghty, M. Lipson, and A. L. Gaeta, “Signal regeneration using low-power four-wave mixing on silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics2(1), 35–38 (2008). [CrossRef]
• D. Hillerkuss, R. Schmogrow, T. Schellinger, M. Jordan, M. Winter, G. Huber, T. Vallaitis, R. Bonk, P. Kleinow, F. Frey, M. Roeger, S. Koenig, A. Ludwig, A. Marculescu, J. Li, M. Hoh, M. Dreschmann, J. Meyer, S. Ben Ezra, N. Narkiss, B. Nebendahl, F. Parmigiani, P. Petropoulos, B. Resan, A. Oehler, K. Weingarten, T. Ellermeyer, J. Lutz, M. Moeller, M. Huebner, J. Becker, C. Koos, W. Freude, and J. Leuthold, “26 Tbit s−1 line-rate super-channel transmission utilizing all-optical fast Fourier transform processing,” Nat. Photonics5(6), 364–371 (2011). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

• H. C. Hansen Mulvad, M. Galili, L. K. Oxenløwe, H. Hu, A. T. Clausen, J. B. Jensen, C. Peucheret, and P. Jeppesen, “Demonstration of 5.1 Tbit/s data capacity on a single-wavelength channel,” Opt. Express18(2), 1438–1443 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• M. Galili, J. Xu, H. C. Mulvad, L. K. Oxenløwe, A. T. Clausen, P. Jeppesen, B. Luther-Davis, S. Madden, A. Rode, D.-Y. Choi, M. Pelusi, F. Luan, and B. J. Eggleton, “Breakthrough switching speed with an all-optical chalcogenide glass chip: 640 Gbit/s demultiplexing,” Opt. Express17(4), 2182–2187 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• V. G. Ta’eed, M. R. E. Lamont, D. J. Moss, B. J. Eggleton, D. Y. Choi, S. Madden, and B. Luther-Davies, “All optical wavelength conversion via cross phase modulation in chalcogenide glass rib waveguides,” Opt. Express14(23), 11242–11247 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• K. Ikeda, R. E. Saperstein, N. Alic, and Y. Fainman, “Thermal and Kerr nonlinear properties of plasma-deposited silicon nitride/ silicon dioxide waveguides,” Opt. Express16(17), 12987–12994 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. Gondarenko, J. S. Levy, and M. Lipson, “High confinement micron-scale silicon nitride high Q ring resonator,” Opt. Express17(14), 11366–11370 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• D. Duchesne, M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, R. Morandotti, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, and D. J. Moss, “Efficient self-phase modulation in low loss, high index doped silica glass integrated waveguides,” Opt. Express17(3), 1865–1870 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. Pasquazi, Y. Park, J. Azaña, F. Légaré, R. Morandotti, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, and D. J. Moss, “Efficient wavelength conversion and net parametric gain via four wave mixing in a high index doped silica waveguide,” Opt. Express18(8), 7634–7641 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• M. Peccianti, M. Ferrera, L. Razzari, R. Morandotti, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, and D. J. Moss, “Subpicosecond optical pulse compression via an integrated nonlinear chirper,” Opt. Express18(8), 7625–7633 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. Pasquazi, R. Ahmad, M. Rochette, M. Lamont, B. E. Little, S. T. Chu, R. Morandotti, and D. J. Moss, “All-optical wavelength conversion in an integrated ring resonator,” Opt. Express18(4), 3858–3863 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• M. Notomi, A. Shinya, S. Mitsugi, G. Kira, E. Kuramochi, and T. Tanabe, “Optical bistable switching action of Si high-Q photonic-crystal nanocavities,” Opt. Express13(7), 2678–2687 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• F. Li, M. Pelusi, D. X. Xu, A. Densmore, R. Ma, S. Janz, and D. J. Moss, “Error-free all-optical demultiplexing at 160Gb/s via FWM in a silicon nanowire,” Opt. Express18(4), 3905–3910 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. C. Turner, M. A. Foster, A. L. Gaeta, and M. Lipson, “Ultra-low power parametric frequency conversion in a silicon microring resonator,” Opt. Express16(7), 4881–4887 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

• P. P. Absil, J. V. Hryniewicz, B. E. Little, P. S. Cho, R. A. Wilson, L. G. Joneckis, and P.-T. Ho, “Wavelength conversion in GaAs micro-ring resonators,” Opt. Lett.25(8), 554–556 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• D. I. Yeom, E. C. Mägi, M. R. E. Lamont, M. A. F. Roelens, L. Fu, and B. J. Eggleton, “Low-threshold supercontinuum generation in highly nonlinear chalcogenide nanowires,” Opt. Lett.33(7), 660–662 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Photon. Technol. Lett.

• K. K. Chow, C. Shu, L. Chinlon, and A. Bjarklev, “Polarization-insensitive widely tunable wavelength converter based on four-wave mixing in a dispersion-flattened nonlinear photonic crystal fiber,” Photon. Technol. Lett.17(3), 624–626 (2005). [CrossRef]
• M. D. Pelusi, F. Luan, S. J. Madden, D.-Y. Choi, D. A. Bulla, B. Luther-Davies, and B. J. Eggleton, “Wavelength Conversion of High-Speed Phase and Intensity Modulated Signals Using a Highly Nonlinear Chalcogenide Glass Chip,” Photon. Technol. Lett.22(1), 3–5 (2010). [CrossRef]

Photon. Technol.Lett.

• B. G. Lee, A. Biberman, A. C. Turner-Foster, M. A. Foster, M. Lipson, A. L. Gaeta, and K. Bergman, “Demonstration of broadband wavelength conversion at 40 Gb/s in silicon waveguides,” Photon. Technol.Lett.21(3), 182–184 (2009). [CrossRef]

Other

• B. J. Eggleton, D. J. Moss, and S. Radic, Nonlinear Optics in Communications: From Crippling Impairment to Ultrafast Tools Ch. 20 (Academic Press, Oxford, 2008).
• Nature Photonics Workshop on the Future of Optical Communications; Tokyo, Japan, Oct. 2007. www.nature.com/nphoton/supplements/techconference2007
• B. Metcalfe, Toward Terabit Ethernet Plenary Talk, Optical Fiber Communications 2008, see www.ofcnfoec.org/conference_program/Plenary-video.aspx and www.lightreading.com/tv/tv_popup.asp?doc_id=146223

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