Optimization of LiNbO<sub>3</sub> photonic crystals: toward 3D LiNbO<sub>3</sub> micro-components

doi:10.1364/OE.19.023008

Optimization of LiNbO₃ photonic crystals: toward 3D LiNbO₃ micro-components

Nadège Courjal, Jean Dahdah, Gwenn Ulliac, Pierre Sevillano, Blandine Guichardaz, and Fadi Baida »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 23, pp. 23008-23016 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.023008

View Full Text Article

Enhanced HTML Acrobat PDF (1213 KB)

Journal Search
Article Lookup

Article Tools

Citations

Alert me when this article is cited
Export Citation/Save

Abstract
Article Info
References (13)
Cited By
Figures (9)
Metrics
Related Content

Abstract

We report easy-to-implement techniques to improve the reflectivity of LiNbO₃ photonic crystals within the photonic bandgap. Firstly, we show that widening the channel waveguides confines the optical modes in the vertical direction, which leads to the development of the first 2D-PhCs on Ti-indiffused LiNbO₃ waveguides. We also report the first optical characterization of PhCs implemented on ridge LiNbO₃ waveguides. The reflectivity is measured using a swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) system, together with the transmission spectrum. Finally we report 3D-PhCs LiNbO₃ fabricated by Focused Ion Beam milling on the side of ridge waveguides.

OCIS Codes
(130.3730) Integrated optics : Lithium niobate
(160.5298) Materials : Photonic crystals

ToC Category:
Photonic Crystals

History
Original Manuscript: August 22, 2011
Revised Manuscript: September 24, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: September 25, 2011
Published: October 28, 2011

Citation
Nadège Courjal, Jean Dahdah, Gwenn Ulliac, Pierre Sevillano, Blandine Guichardaz, and Fadi Baida, "Optimization of LiNbO₃ photonic crystals: toward 3D LiNbO₃ micro-components," Opt. Express 19, 23008-23016 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-23-23008

Sort: Author | Year | Journal | Reset

References

K. Yoshino, Y. Shimoda, Y. Kawagishi, K. Nakayama, and M. Ozaki, “Temperature tuning of the stop band in transmission spectra of liquid-crystal infiltrated synthetic opal as tunable photonic crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.75(7), 932 (1999). [CrossRef]
Y. Jiang, W. Jiang, L. Gu, X. Chen, and R. T. Chen, “80-micron interaction length silicon photonic crystal waveguide modulator,” Appl. Phys. Lett.87(22), 221105 (2005). [CrossRef]
N. G. R. Broderick, G. W. Ross, H. L. Offerhaus, D. J. Richardson, and D. C. Hanna, “Hexagonally poled lithium niobate: A two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal,” Phys. Rev. Lett.84(19), 4345–4348 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Roussey, M.-P. Bernal, N. Courjal, D. Van Labeke, F. I. Baida, R. Salut, and R. Salut, “Electro-optic effect exaltation on lithium niobate photonic crystals due to slow photons,” Appl. Phys. Lett.89(24), 241110 (2006). [CrossRef]
N. Courjal, S. Benchabane, J. Dahdah, G. Ulliac, Y. Gruson, and V. Laude, “Acousto-optically tunable lithium niobate photonic crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(13), 131103 (2010). [CrossRef]
M. P. Bernal, J. Amet, J. Safioui, F. Devaux, M. Chauvet, J. Salvi, and F. Baida, “Pyroelectric control of the superprism effect in a lithium niobate photonic crystal in slow light configuration,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(7), 071101 (2011). [CrossRef]
G. W. Burr, S. Diziain, and M.-P. Bernal, “The impact of finite-depth cylindrical and conical holes in lithium niobate photonic crystals,” Opt. Express16(9), 6302–6316 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-9-6302 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Geiss, S. Diziain, R. Iliew, C. Etrich, H. Hartung, N. Janunts, F. Schrempel, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, and E.-B. Kley, “Light propagation in a free-standing lithium niobate photonic crystal waveguide,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(13), 131109 (2010). [CrossRef]
G. Si, E. J. Teo, A. A. Bettiol, J. Teng, and A. J. Danner, “Suspended slab and photonic crystal waveguides in lithium niobate,” J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B28(2), 316–320 (2010). [CrossRef]
D. Marcuse, “Solution of the vector wave equation for general dielectric waveguides by the Galerkin method,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.28(2), 459–465 (1992). [CrossRef]
F. Lacour, N. Courjal, M. P. Bernal, A. Sabac, C. Bainier, and M. Spajer, “Nanostructuring lithium niobate substrates by focused ion beam milling,” Opt. Mater.27(8), 1421–1425 (2005). [CrossRef]
J. D. Joannopoulos, S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, “Photonic crystals: molding the flow of light,” (Princeton University Press, 1995)
N. Courjal, B. Guichardaz, G. Ulliac, J.-Y. Rauch, B. Sadani, H.-H. Lu, and M.-P. Bernal, “High aspect ratio lithium niobate ridge waveguides fabricated by optical grade dicing,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys.44(30), 305101 (2011). [CrossRef]

Amet, J.
Baida, F.
Baida, F. I.
Bainier, C.
Benchabane, S.
Bernal, M. P.
Bernal, M.-P.
Bettiol, A. A.
Broderick, N. G. R.
Burr, G. W.
Chauvet, M.
Chen, R. T.
Chen, X.
Courjal, N.
Dahdah, J.
Danner, A. J.
Devaux, F.
Diziain, S.
Etrich, C.
Geiss, R.
Gruson, Y.
Gu, L.
Guichardaz, B.
Hanna, D. C.
Hartung, H.
Iliew, R.
Janunts, N.
Jiang, W.
Jiang, Y.
Kawagishi, Y.
Kley, E.-B.
Lacour, F.
Laude, V.
Lederer, F.
Lu, H.-H.
Marcuse, D.
Nakayama, K.
Offerhaus, H. L.
Ozaki, M.
Pertsch, T.
Rauch, J.-Y.
Richardson, D. J.
Ross, G. W.
Roussey, M.
Sabac, A.
Sadani, B.
Safioui, J.
Salut, R.
Salvi, J.
Schrempel, F.
Shimoda, Y.
Si, G.
Spajer, M.
Teng, J.
Teo, E. J.
Ulliac, G.
Van Labeke, D.
Yoshino, K.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

M. Roussey, M.-P. Bernal, N. Courjal, D. Van Labeke, F. I. Baida, R. Salut, and R. Salut, “Electro-optic effect exaltation on lithium niobate photonic crystals due to slow photons,” Appl. Phys. Lett.89(24), 241110 (2006). [CrossRef]
N. Courjal, S. Benchabane, J. Dahdah, G. Ulliac, Y. Gruson, and V. Laude, “Acousto-optically tunable lithium niobate photonic crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(13), 131103 (2010). [CrossRef]
M. P. Bernal, J. Amet, J. Safioui, F. Devaux, M. Chauvet, J. Salvi, and F. Baida, “Pyroelectric control of the superprism effect in a lithium niobate photonic crystal in slow light configuration,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(7), 071101 (2011). [CrossRef]
K. Yoshino, Y. Shimoda, Y. Kawagishi, K. Nakayama, and M. Ozaki, “Temperature tuning of the stop band in transmission spectra of liquid-crystal infiltrated synthetic opal as tunable photonic crystal,” Appl. Phys. Lett.75(7), 932 (1999). [CrossRef]
Y. Jiang, W. Jiang, L. Gu, X. Chen, and R. T. Chen, “80-micron interaction length silicon photonic crystal waveguide modulator,” Appl. Phys. Lett.87(22), 221105 (2005). [CrossRef]
R. Geiss, S. Diziain, R. Iliew, C. Etrich, H. Hartung, N. Janunts, F. Schrempel, F. Lederer, T. Pertsch, and E.-B. Kley, “Light propagation in a free-standing lithium niobate photonic crystal waveguide,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(13), 131109 (2010). [CrossRef]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

D. Marcuse, “Solution of the vector wave equation for general dielectric waveguides by the Galerkin method,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.28(2), 459–465 (1992). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. D Appl. Phys.

N. Courjal, B. Guichardaz, G. Ulliac, J.-Y. Rauch, B. Sadani, H.-H. Lu, and M.-P. Bernal, “High aspect ratio lithium niobate ridge waveguides fabricated by optical grade dicing,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys.44(30), 305101 (2011). [CrossRef]

J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B

G. Si, E. J. Teo, A. A. Bettiol, J. Teng, and A. J. Danner, “Suspended slab and photonic crystal waveguides in lithium niobate,” J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B28(2), 316–320 (2010). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

G. W. Burr, S. Diziain, and M.-P. Bernal, “The impact of finite-depth cylindrical and conical holes in lithium niobate photonic crystals,” Opt. Express16(9), 6302–6316 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-9-6302 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Mater.

F. Lacour, N. Courjal, M. P. Bernal, A. Sabac, C. Bainier, and M. Spajer, “Nanostructuring lithium niobate substrates by focused ion beam milling,” Opt. Mater.27(8), 1421–1425 (2005). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

N. G. R. Broderick, G. W. Ross, H. L. Offerhaus, D. J. Richardson, and D. C. Hanna, “Hexagonally poled lithium niobate: A two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal,” Phys. Rev. Lett.84(19), 4345–4348 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

J. D. Joannopoulos, S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, “Photonic crystals: molding the flow of light,” (Princeton University Press, 1995)

Cited By

Alert me when this paper is cited

OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.

Click here to see a list of articles that cite this paper