Wavelength dependence of electron localization in the laser-driven dissociation of 
H2+

doi:10.1364/OE.19.026359

Wavelength dependence of electron localization in the laser-driven dissociation of H2+

Kunlong Liu, Weiyi Hong, Qingbin Zhang, and Peixiang Lu »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 27, pp. 26359-26369 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.026359

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Abstract

We theoretically investigate the laser wavelength dependence of asymmetric dissociation of $H_{2}^{+}$ . It is found that the electron localization in molecular dissociation is significantly manipulated by varying the wavelength of the driving field. Through creating a strong nuclear vibration in the laser-molecular interaction, our simulations demonstrate that the few-cycle mid-infrared pulse can effectively localize the electron at one of the dissociating nuclei with weak ionization. Moreover, we show that the observed phase-shift of the dissociation asymmetry is attributed to the different population transfers by the remaining fields after the internuclear distances reach the one-photon coupling point.

OCIS Codes
(020.4180) Atomic and molecular physics : Multiphoton processes
(190.4180) Nonlinear optics : Multiphoton processes
(270.6620) Quantum optics : Strong-field processes
(020.2649) Atomic and molecular physics : Strong field laser physics

ToC Category:
Atomic and Molecular Physics

History
Original Manuscript: October 27, 2011
Revised Manuscript: November 18, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: November 29, 2011
Published: December 9, 2011

Citation
Kunlong Liu, Weiyi Hong, Qingbin Zhang, and Peixiang Lu, "Wavelength dependence of electron localization in the laser-driven dissociation of H2+," Opt. Express 19, 26359-26369 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-27-26359

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References

F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys.81, 163–234 (2009). [CrossRef]
J. H. Posthumus, “The dynamics of small molecules in intense laser fields,” Rep. Prog. Phys.67, 623–665 (2004). [CrossRef]
A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond localization of electrons in molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem.100, 834–844 (2004). [CrossRef]
V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett.93, 163601 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. F. Kling, Ch. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, Th. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science312, 246–248 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
X. M. Tong and C. D. Lin, “Dynamics of light-field control of molecular dissociation at the few-cycle limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 123002 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Gräfe and M. Yu. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99, 163603 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. He, A. Becker, and U. Thumm, “Strong-field modulated diffraction effects in the correlated electron-nuclear motion in dissociating H2+,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 213002 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 213003 (2009). [CrossRef]
D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 223201 (2009). [CrossRef]
G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. LéPine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Yu. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London)465, 763–766 (2010). [CrossRef]
K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett.104, 023001 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105, 223001 (2010). [CrossRef]
C. Calvert, R. B. King, W. A. Bryan, W. R. Newell, J. F. McCann, J. B. Greenwood, and I. D. Williams, “Multi-pulse scheme for enhancing electron localization through vibrational wavepacket manipulation,” J. Phys. B43, 011001 (2010). [CrossRef]
F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.13, 8647–8652 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, S. Zherebtsov, A. Wirth, O. Herrwerth, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond control of electron dynamics in carbon monoxide,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 103002 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. Liu, W. Hong, and P. Lu, “Phase dependence of electron localization in HeH2+ dissociation with an intense few-cycle laser pulse,” Opt. Express19, 20279–20287 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Liu, Z. Zeng, P. Wei, P. Liu, R. Li, and Z. Xu, “Driving-laser wavelength dependence of high-order harmonic generation in H2+ molecules,” Phys. Rev. A81, 033426 (2010). [CrossRef]
M. Magrakvelidze, F. He, T. Niederhausen, I. V. Litvinyuk, and U. Thumm, “Quantum-beat imaging of the nuclear dynamics in D2+: Dependence of bond softening and bond hardening on laser intersity, wavelength, and pulse duration,” Phys. Rev. A79, 033410 (2009). [CrossRef]
X. Gu, G. Marcus, Y. Deng, T. Metzger, C. Teisset, N. Ishii, T. Fuji, A. Baltuska, R. Butkus, V. Pervak, H. Ishizuki, T. Taira, T. Kobayashi, R. Kienberger, and F. Krausz, “Generation of carrier-envelope-phase-stable 2-cycle 740-μJ pulses at 2.1-μm carrier wavelength,” Opt. Express17, 62–69 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Tate, T. Auguste, H. G. Muller, P. Salières, P. Agostini, and L. F. DiMauro, “Scaling of wave-packet dynamics in an intense midinfrared field,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 013901 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Q. Zhang, P. Lu, P. Lan, W. Hong, and Z. Yang, “Multi-cycle laser-driven broadband supercontinuum with a modulated polarization gating,” Opt. Express16, 9795–9803 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Vozzi, F. Calegari, F. Frassetto, L. Poletto, G. Sansone, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. De Silvestri, and S. Stagira, “Coherent continuum generation above 100 eV driven by an ir parametric source in a two-color scheme,” Phys. Rev. A79, 033842 (2009). [CrossRef]
W. Hong, Q. Zhang, Z. Yang, and P. Lu, “Electron dynamic control for the quantum path in the midinfrared regime using a weak near-infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. A80, 053407 (2009). [CrossRef]
K. C. Kulander, F. H. Mies, and K. J. Schafer, “Model for studies of laser-induced nonlinear processes in molecules,” Phys. Rev. A53, 2562–2570 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. L. Ver Steeg, K. Bartschat, and I. Bray, “Time-dependent model calculations for a molecular hydrogen ion in a strong ultra-short laser pulse,” J. Phys. B36, 3325–3336 (2003). [CrossRef]
J. R. Hiskes, “Dissociation of molecular ions by electric and magnetic fields,” Phys. Rev.122, 1207–1217 (1961). [CrossRef]
B. Feuerstein and Uwe Thumm, “On the computation of momentum distributions within wavepacket propagation calculations,” J. Phys. B36, 707–716 (2003). [CrossRef]
V. Roudnev and B. D. Esry, “HD+ in a short strong laser pulse: Practical consideration of the observability of carrier-envelope phase effects,” Phys. Rev. A76, 023403 (2007). [CrossRef]

Agostini, P.
Auguste, T.
Baltuska, A.
Bandrauk, A. D.
Bartschat, K.
Becker, A.
Benedetti, E.
Ben-Itzhak, I.
Bray, I.
Bryan, W. A.
Butkus, R.
Calegari, F.
Calvert, C.
Cao, W.
Chelkowski, S.
Chen, S.
Cocke, C. L.
De, S.
de Jesus, V. L. B.
De Silvestri, S.
de Vivie-Riedle, R.
Deng, Y.
DiMauro, L. F.
Drescher, M.
Esry, B. D.
Ferrari, F.
Feuerstein, B.
Fischer, B.
Frassetto, F.
Fuji, T.
Ghafur, O.
Gräfe, S.
Greenwood, J. B.
Gu, X.
He, F.
Herrwerth, O.
Hiskes, J. R.
Hofrichter, C.
Hong, W.
Ishii, N.
Ishizuki, H.
Ivanov, M.
Ivanov, M. Y.
Ivanov, M. Yu.
Johnsson, P.
Kapteyn, H. C.
Kelkensberg, F.
Khan, J. I.
Kienberger, R.
King, R. B.
Kling, M. F.
Kobayashi, T.
Krausz, F.
Kremer, M.
Kulander, K. C.
L’Huillier, A.
Lan, P.
LéPine, F.
Li, R.
Lin, C. D.
Litvinyuk, I. V.
Liu, C.
Liu, K.
Liu, P.
Lu, P.
Magrakvelidze, M.
Marcus, G.
Marti´n, F.
Mashiko, H.
McCann, J. F.
Metzger, T.
Mies, F. H.
morales, F.
Moshammer, R.
Muller, H. G.
Murnane, M. M.
Newell, W. R.
Nguyen, H. S.
Ni, Y.
Niederhausen, T.
Nisoli, M.
Paulus, G. G.
Pérez-Torres, J. F.
Pervak, V.
Pfeifer, T.
Poletto, L.
Posthumus, J. H.
Ranitovic, P.
Ray, D.
Roudnev, V.
Rudenko, A.
Salières, P.
Sansone, G.
Sanz-Vicario, J. L.
Schafer, K. J.
Schröter, C. D.
Schultze, M.
Sharma, V.
Siedschlag, Ch.
Singh, K. P.
Siu, W.
Stagira, S.
Swoboda, M.
Taira, T.
Tate, J.
Teisset, C.
Thumm, U.
Thumm, Uwe
Tong, X. M.
Uiberacker, M.
Ullrich, J.
Uphues, Th.
Ver Steeg, G. L.
Verhoef, A. J.
Villoresi, P.
von den Hoff, P.
Vozzi, C.
Vrakking, M.
Vrakking, M. J. J.
Wei, P.
Williams, I. D.
Wirth, A.
Xu, Z.
Yang, Z.
Zeng, Z.
Zhang, Q.
Zherebtsov, S.
Znakovskaya, I.

Int. J. Quant. Chem.

A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond localization of electrons in molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem.100, 834–844 (2004). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. B

C. Calvert, R. B. King, W. A. Bryan, W. R. Newell, J. F. McCann, J. B. Greenwood, and I. D. Williams, “Multi-pulse scheme for enhancing electron localization through vibrational wavepacket manipulation,” J. Phys. B43, 011001 (2010). [CrossRef]
G. L. Ver Steeg, K. Bartschat, and I. Bray, “Time-dependent model calculations for a molecular hydrogen ion in a strong ultra-short laser pulse,” J. Phys. B36, 3325–3336 (2003). [CrossRef]
B. Feuerstein and Uwe Thumm, “On the computation of momentum distributions within wavepacket propagation calculations,” J. Phys. B36, 707–716 (2003). [CrossRef]

Nature (London)

G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. LéPine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Yu. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London)465, 763–766 (2010). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.13, 8647–8652 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev.

J. R. Hiskes, “Dissociation of molecular ions by electric and magnetic fields,” Phys. Rev.122, 1207–1217 (1961). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. A

V. Roudnev and B. D. Esry, “HD+ in a short strong laser pulse: Practical consideration of the observability of carrier-envelope phase effects,” Phys. Rev. A76, 023403 (2007). [CrossRef]
C. Vozzi, F. Calegari, F. Frassetto, L. Poletto, G. Sansone, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. De Silvestri, and S. Stagira, “Coherent continuum generation above 100 eV driven by an ir parametric source in a two-color scheme,” Phys. Rev. A79, 033842 (2009). [CrossRef]
W. Hong, Q. Zhang, Z. Yang, and P. Lu, “Electron dynamic control for the quantum path in the midinfrared regime using a weak near-infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. A80, 053407 (2009). [CrossRef]
K. C. Kulander, F. H. Mies, and K. J. Schafer, “Model for studies of laser-induced nonlinear processes in molecules,” Phys. Rev. A53, 2562–2570 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Liu, Z. Zeng, P. Wei, P. Liu, R. Li, and Z. Xu, “Driving-laser wavelength dependence of high-order harmonic generation in H2+ molecules,” Phys. Rev. A81, 033426 (2010). [CrossRef]
M. Magrakvelidze, F. He, T. Niederhausen, I. V. Litvinyuk, and U. Thumm, “Quantum-beat imaging of the nuclear dynamics in D2+: Dependence of bond softening and bond hardening on laser intersity, wavelength, and pulse duration,” Phys. Rev. A79, 033410 (2009). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

J. Tate, T. Auguste, H. G. Muller, P. Salières, P. Agostini, and L. F. DiMauro, “Scaling of wave-packet dynamics in an intense midinfrared field,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 013901 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, S. Zherebtsov, A. Wirth, O. Herrwerth, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond control of electron dynamics in carbon monoxide,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 103002 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett.104, 023001 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105, 223001 (2010). [CrossRef]
V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett.93, 163601 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
X. M. Tong and C. D. Lin, “Dynamics of light-field control of molecular dissociation at the few-cycle limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 123002 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Gräfe and M. Yu. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99, 163603 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. He, A. Becker, and U. Thumm, “Strong-field modulated diffraction effects in the correlated electron-nuclear motion in dissociating H2+,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 213002 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 213003 (2009). [CrossRef]
D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 223201 (2009). [CrossRef]

Rep. Prog. Phys.

J. H. Posthumus, “The dynamics of small molecules in intense laser fields,” Rep. Prog. Phys.67, 623–665 (2004). [CrossRef]

Rev. Mod. Phys.

F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys.81, 163–234 (2009). [CrossRef]

Science

M. F. Kling, Ch. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, Th. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science312, 246–248 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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[1] F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys.81, 163–234 (2009). [CrossRef]

[2] J. H. Posthumus, “The dynamics of small molecules in intense laser fields,” Rep. Prog. Phys.67, 623–665 (2004). [CrossRef]

[3] A. D. Bandrauk, S. Chelkowski, and H. S. Nguyen, “Attosecond localization of electrons in molecules,” Int. J. Quant. Chem.100, 834–844 (2004). [CrossRef]

[4] V. Roudnev, B. D. Esry, and I. Ben-Itzhak, “Controlling HD+ and H2+ dissociation with the carrier-envelope phase difference of an intense ultrashort laser pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett.93, 163601 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] M. F. Kling, Ch. Siedschlag, A. J. Verhoef, J. I. Khan, M. Schultze, Th. Uphues, Y. Ni, M. Uiberacker, M. Drescher, F. Krausz, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Control of electron localization in molecular dissociation,” Science312, 246–248 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] X. M. Tong and C. D. Lin, “Dynamics of light-field control of molecular dissociation at the few-cycle limit,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 123002 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] S. Gräfe and M. Yu. Ivanov, “Effective fields in laser-driven electron recollision and charge localization,” Phys. Rev. Lett.99, 163603 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] F. He, A. Becker, and U. Thumm, “Strong-field modulated diffraction effects in the correlated electron-nuclear motion in dissociating H2+,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 213002 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] M. Kremer, B. Fischer, B. Feuerstein, V. L. B. de Jesus, V. Sharma, C. Hofrichter, A. Rudenko, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Electron localization in molecular fragmentation of H2 by carrier-envelope phase stabilized laser pulses,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 213003 (2009). [CrossRef]

[10] D. Ray, F. He, S. De, W. Cao, H. Mashiko, P. Ranitovic, K. P. Singh, I. Znakovskaya, U. Thumm, G. G. Paulus, M. F. Kling, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Ion-energy dependence of asymmetric dissociation of D2 by a two-color laser field,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 223201 (2009). [CrossRef]

[11] G. Sansone, F. Kelkensberg, J. F. Pérez-Torres, F. morales, M. F. Kling, W. Siu, O. Ghafur, P. Johnsson, M. Swoboda, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, F. LéPine, J. L. Sanz-Vicario, S. Zherebtsov, I. Znakovskaya, A. L’Huillier, M. Yu. Ivanov, M. Nisoli, F. Martín, and M. J. J. Vrakking, “Electron localization following attosecond molecular photoionization,” Nature (London)465, 763–766 (2010). [CrossRef]

[12] K. P. Singh, F. He, P. Ranitovic, W. Cao, S. De, D. Ray, S. Chen, U. Thumm, A. Becker, M. M. Murnane, H. C. Kapteyn, I. V. Litvinyuk, and C. L. Cocke, “Control of electron localization in deuterium molecular ions using an attosecond pulse train and a many-cycle infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. Lett.104, 023001 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] B. Fischer, M. Kremer, T. Pfeifer, B. Feuerstein, V. Sharma, U. Thumm, C. D. Schröter, R. Moshammer, and J. Ullrich, “Steering the electron in H2+ by nuclear wave packet dynamics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105, 223001 (2010). [CrossRef]

[14] C. Calvert, R. B. King, W. A. Bryan, W. R. Newell, J. F. McCann, J. B. Greenwood, and I. D. Williams, “Multi-pulse scheme for enhancing electron localization through vibrational wavepacket manipulation,” J. Phys. B43, 011001 (2010). [CrossRef]

[15] F. Kelkensberg, G. Sansone, M. Y. Ivanov, and M. Vrakking, “A semi-classical model of attosecond electron localization in dissociative ionization of hydrogen,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.13, 8647–8652 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[16] I. Znakovskaya, P. von den Hoff, S. Zherebtsov, A. Wirth, O. Herrwerth, M. J. J. Vrakking, R. de Vivie-Riedle, and M. F. Kling, “Attosecond control of electron dynamics in carbon monoxide,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103, 103002 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[17] K. Liu, W. Hong, and P. Lu, “Phase dependence of electron localization in HeH2+ dissociation with an intense few-cycle laser pulse,” Opt. Express19, 20279–20287 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[18] C. Liu, Z. Zeng, P. Wei, P. Liu, R. Li, and Z. Xu, “Driving-laser wavelength dependence of high-order harmonic generation in H2+ molecules,” Phys. Rev. A81, 033426 (2010). [CrossRef]

[19] M. Magrakvelidze, F. He, T. Niederhausen, I. V. Litvinyuk, and U. Thumm, “Quantum-beat imaging of the nuclear dynamics in D2+: Dependence of bond softening and bond hardening on laser intersity, wavelength, and pulse duration,” Phys. Rev. A79, 033410 (2009). [CrossRef]

[20] X. Gu, G. Marcus, Y. Deng, T. Metzger, C. Teisset, N. Ishii, T. Fuji, A. Baltuska, R. Butkus, V. Pervak, H. Ishizuki, T. Taira, T. Kobayashi, R. Kienberger, and F. Krausz, “Generation of carrier-envelope-phase-stable 2-cycle 740-μJ pulses at 2.1-μm carrier wavelength,” Opt. Express17, 62–69 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[21] J. Tate, T. Auguste, H. G. Muller, P. Salières, P. Agostini, and L. F. DiMauro, “Scaling of wave-packet dynamics in an intense midinfrared field,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 013901 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[22] Q. Zhang, P. Lu, P. Lan, W. Hong, and Z. Yang, “Multi-cycle laser-driven broadband supercontinuum with a modulated polarization gating,” Opt. Express16, 9795–9803 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[23] C. Vozzi, F. Calegari, F. Frassetto, L. Poletto, G. Sansone, P. Villoresi, M. Nisoli, S. De Silvestri, and S. Stagira, “Coherent continuum generation above 100 eV driven by an ir parametric source in a two-color scheme,” Phys. Rev. A79, 033842 (2009). [CrossRef]

[24] W. Hong, Q. Zhang, Z. Yang, and P. Lu, “Electron dynamic control for the quantum path in the midinfrared regime using a weak near-infrared pulse,” Phys. Rev. A80, 053407 (2009). [CrossRef]

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