Enhancement of pump efficiency of a visible wavelength organic distributed feedback laser by resonant optical pumping

doi:10.1364/OE.19.005086

Enhancement of pump efficiency of a visible wavelength organic distributed feedback laser by resonant optical pumping

Chun Ge, Meng Lu, Yafang Tan, and Brian T. Cunningham »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 6, pp. 5086-5092 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.005086

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Abstract

A 22× reduction in laser pump threshold and a 23× enhancement in energy conversion have been demonstrated on a second order distributed feedback (DFB) laser using a resonant optical pumping (ROP) technique. The ROP scheme couples the excitation light into a distinct resonant mode of the laser cavity through the illuminating at a specific resonant incident angle. Coupling excitation light into the resonant mode results in an enhanced near-field, which significantly increases pump absorption by the active medium. Consequently, high power conversion efficiency between pumping light and lasing emission is achieved and laser pump threshold power is reduced.

OCIS Codes
(050.0050) Diffraction and gratings : Diffraction and gratings
(140.3490) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, distributed-feedback
(260.2160) Physical optics : Energy transfer

ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics

History
Original Manuscript: January 7, 2011
Revised Manuscript: February 13, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: February 21, 2011
Published: March 2, 2011

Citation
Chun Ge, Meng Lu, Yafang Tan, and Brian T. Cunningham, "Enhancement of pump efficiency of a visible wavelength organic distributed feedback laser by resonant optical pumping," Opt. Express 19, 5086-5092 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-6-5086

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References

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B. K. Yap, R. Xia, M. Campoy-Quiles, P. N. Stavrinou, and D. D. C. Bradley, “Simultaneous optimization of charge-carrier mobility and optical gain in semiconducting polymer films,” Nat. Mater. 7(5), 376–380 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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M. H. Song, D. Kabra, B. Wenger, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optically-pumped lasing in hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diodes,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(13), 2130–2136 (2009). [CrossRef]
M. J. Bohn and J. G. McInerney, “Resonant optical pumping of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers,” Opt. Commun. 117(1-2), 111–115 (1995). [CrossRef]
F. De Martini and G. Jacobovitz, “Anomalous spontaneous-stimulated-decay phase transition and zero-threshold laser action in a microscopic cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 60(17), 1711–1714 (1988). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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C. Ge, M. Lu, W. Zhang, and B. T. Cunningham, “Distributed feedback laser biosensor incorporating a titanium dioxide nanorod surface,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(16), 163702 (2010). [CrossRef]
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H. Kogelnik and C. V. Shank, “Coupled-wave theory of distributed feedback lasers,” J. Appl. Phys. 43(5), 2327–2335 (1972). [CrossRef]
E. Kapon, A. Hardy, and A. Katzir, “The effect of complex coupling coefficients on distributed feedback lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(1), 66–71 (1982). [CrossRef]

Andrew, P.
Bachtold, W.
Baillargeon, J. N.
Barnes, W. L.
Bohn, M. J.
Bradley, D. D. C.
Caimi, D.
Campoy-Quiles, M.
Capasso, F.
Cho, A. Y.
Choi, S.
Cunningham, B. T.
De Martini, F.
deMello, J. C.
Dodabalapur, A.
Eden, J. G.
Erni, D.
Faist, J.
Farrell, T.
Friend, R. H.
Ge, C.
Gmachl, C.
Gyrtner, C.
Han, M. Y.
Harbers, R.
Hardy, A.
Hare, J.
Haroche, S.
Haug, V.
Heeger, A. J.
Heliotis, G.
Henry, C. H.
Innocenti, G.
Jacobovitz, G.
Jian, X.
Jordan, R. H.
Kabra, D.
Kapon, E.
Karnutsch, C.
Katz, H. E.
Katzir, A.
Kazarinov, R. F.
Kogelnik, H.
Kuwata-Gonokami, M.
Ledochowitsch, P.
Lefèvre-Seguin, V.
Lemmer, U.
Levenson, A.
Logan, R. A.
Lu, M.
Mahrt, R. F.
Maiman, T. H.
Martini, F.
Mataloni, P.
McInerney, J. G.
Mednick, S. R.
Moll, N.
Moses, D.
Namdas, E. B.
Nehls, B. S.
Offrein, B. J.
Ozawa, S.
Park, B.
Pflumm, C.
Raimond, J. M.
Raineri, F.
Raj, R.
Samuel, I. D. W.
Sandoghdar, V.
Scherf, U.
Schilling, M. L.
Seassal, C.
Shank, C. V.
Sirtori, C.
Sivco, D. L.
Slusher, R. E.
Snaith, H. J.
Song, M. H.
Stavrinou, P. N.
Strasser, P.
Tan, Y.
Tong, M.
Treussart, F.
Tsutsumi, N.
Turnbull, G. A.
Vecchi, G.
Viktorovitch, P.
Wagner, C. J.
Wang, J.
Weimann, T.
Wenger, B.
Xia, R.
Yacomotti, A. M.
Yamamoto, M.
Yap, B. K.
Yen, R.
Yuen, J. D.
Zhang, W.

Adv. Funct. Mater.

M. H. Song, D. Kabra, B. Wenger, R. H. Friend, and H. J. Snaith, “Optically-pumped lasing in hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diodes,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 19(13), 2130–2136 (2009). [CrossRef]
G. Heliotis, R. Xia, G. A. Turnbull, P. Andrew, W. L. Barnes, I. D. W. Samuel, and D. D. C. Bradley, “Emission characteristics and performance comparison of polyfluorene lasers with one- and two-dimensional distributed feedback,” Adv. Funct. Mater. 14(1), 91–97 (2004). [CrossRef]

Adv. Mater.

E. B. Namdas, M. Tong, P. Ledochowitsch, S. R. Mednick, J. D. Yuen, D. Moses, and A. J. Heeger, “Low thresholds in polymer lasers on conductive substrates by distributed feedback nanoimprinting: Progress toward electrically pumped plastic lasers,” Adv. Mater. 21(7), 799–802 (2009). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

R. Harbers, P. Strasser, D. Caimi, R. F. Mahrt, N. Moll, B. J. Offrein, D. Erni, W. Bachtold, and U. Scherf, “Enhanced feedback in organic photonic-crystal lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 87(15), 151121 (2005). [CrossRef]
C. Karnutsch, C. Gyrtner, V. Haug, U. Lemmer, T. Farrell, B. S. Nehls, U. Scherf, J. Wang, T. Weimann, G. Heliotis, C. Pflumm, J. C. deMello, and D. D. C. Bradley, “Low threshold blue conjugated polymer lasers with first- and second-order distributed feedback,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(20), 201108 (2006). [CrossRef]
F. Raineri, G. Vecchi, A. M. Yacomotti, C. Seassal, P. Viktorovitch, R. Raj, and A. Levenson, “Doubly resonant photonic crystal for efficient laser operation: Pumping and lasing at low group velocity photonic modes,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 86(1), 011116 (2005). [CrossRef]
M. Lu, S. Choi, C. J. Wagner, J. G. Eden, and B. T. Cunningham, “Label free biosensor incorporating a replica-molded, vertically emitting distributed feedback laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 92(26), 261502 (2008). [CrossRef]
C. Ge, M. Lu, W. Zhang, and B. T. Cunningham, “Distributed feedback laser biosensor incorporating a titanium dioxide nanorod surface,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 96(16), 163702 (2010). [CrossRef]
J. Faist, C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, C. Sirtori, D. L. Sivco, J. N. Baillargeon, and A. Y. Cho, “Distributed feedback quantum cascade lasers,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 70(20), 2670–2672 (1997). [CrossRef]

IEEE J. Quantum Electron.

E. Kapon, A. Hardy, and A. Katzir, “The effect of complex coupling coefficients on distributed feedback lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 18(1), 66–71 (1982). [CrossRef]
C. H. Henry, R. F. Kazarinov, R. A. Logan, and R. Yen, “Observation of destructive interference in the radiation loss of second-order distributed feedback lasers,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 21(2), 151–154 (1985). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

H. Kogelnik and C. V. Shank, “Coupled-wave theory of distributed feedback lasers,” J. Appl. Phys. 43(5), 2327–2335 (1972). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

N. Tsutsumi and M. Yamamoto, “Threshold reduction of a tunable organic laser using effective energy transfer,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 23(5), 842–845 (2006). [CrossRef]

Nat. Mater.

B. K. Yap, R. Xia, M. Campoy-Quiles, P. N. Stavrinou, and D. D. C. Bradley, “Simultaneous optimization of charge-carrier mobility and optical gain in semiconducting polymer films,” Nat. Mater. 7(5), 376–380 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nature

T. H. Maiman, “Stimulated optical radiation in ruby,” Nature 187(4736), 493–494 (1960). [CrossRef]

Opt. Commun.

M. J. Bohn and J. G. McInerney, “Resonant optical pumping of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers,” Opt. Commun. 117(1-2), 111–115 (1995). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

Opt. Lett.

M. Kuwata-Gonokami, R. H. Jordan, A. Dodabalapur, H. E. Katz, M. L. Schilling, R. E. Slusher, and S. Ozawa, “Polymer microdisk and microring lasers,” Opt. Lett. 20(20), 2093–2095 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. A

V. Sandoghdar, F. Treussart, J. Hare, V. Lefèvre-Seguin, J. M. Raimond, and S. Haroche, “Very low threshold whispering-gallery-mode microsphere laser,” Phys. Rev. A 54(3), R1777–R1780 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

F. De Martini and G. Jacobovitz, “Anomalous spontaneous-stimulated-decay phase transition and zero-threshold laser action in a microscopic cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 60(17), 1711–1714 (1988). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. Martini, G. Innocenti, G. Jacobovitz, and P. Mataloni, “Anomalous spontaneous emission time in a microscopic optical cavity,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 59(26), 2955–2958 (1987). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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