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Single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber assisted high-power mode-locking of a Ti:sapphire laserIn Hyung Baek, Sun Young Choi, Hwang Woon Lee, Won Bae Cho, Valentin Petrov, Antonio Agnesi, Valdas Pasiskevicius, Dong-Il Yeom, Kihong Kim, and Fabian Rotermund »View Author Affiliations
In Hyung Baek,1
Sun Young Choi,1
Hwang Woon Lee,1
Won Bae Cho,1
Valentin Petrov,2
Antonio Agnesi,3
Valdas Pasiskevicius,4
Dong-Il Yeom,1
Kihong Kim,1
and Fabian Rotermund1,*
1Division of Energy Systems Research, Ajou University, San 5 Wonchun, 443-749 Suwon, South Korea, 2Max Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics & Ultrafast Spectroscopy, D-12489 Berlin, Germany 3Dipartimento di Elettronica dell'Università di Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy 4Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden *Corresponding author: rotermun@ajou.ac.kr |
Optics Express, Vol. 19, Issue 8, pp. 7833-7838 (2011)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.19.007833
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Abstract
We report on passive mode-locking of a Ti:sapphire laser employing a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber (SWCNT-SA) specially designed and fabricated for wavelengths near 800 nm. Mode-locked pulses as short as 62 fs were generated at a repetition rate of 99.4 MHz. We achieved output powers from the SWCNT-SA mode-locked laser as high as 600 mW with a slope efficiency of 26%. The characteristics of SWCNT-SA-assisted mode-locking were compared with those of Kerr-lens mode-locking without SWCNT-SA.
© 2011 OSA
OCIS Codes
(140.4050) Lasers and laser optics : Mode-locked lasers
(140.7090) Lasers and laser optics : Ultrafast lasers
(160.4330) Materials : Nonlinear optical materials
(160.4236) Materials : Nanomaterials
ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics
History
Original Manuscript: February 15, 2011
Revised Manuscript: March 31, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: March 31, 2011
Published: April 7, 2011
Citation
In Hyung Baek, Sun Young Choi, Hwang Woon Lee, Won Bae Cho, Valentin Petrov, Antonio Agnesi, Valdas Pasiskevicius, Dong-Il Yeom, Kihong Kim, and Fabian Rotermund, "Single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber assisted high-power mode-locking of a Ti:sapphire laser," Opt. Express 19, 7833-7838 (2011)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-8-7833
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References
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- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, X. Mateos, M. C. Pujol, J. J. Carvajal, M. Aguiló, and F. Díaz, “Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 microm using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 17(13), 11007–11012 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
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- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, X. Mateos, M. C. Pujol, J. J. Carvajal, M. Aguiló, and F. Díaz, “Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 microm using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 17(13), 11007–11012 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- W. B. Cho, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, U. Griebner, V. Petrov, and F. Rotermund, “Mode-locked self-starting Cr:forsterite laser using a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Lett. 33(21), 2449–2451 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, S. Y. Choi, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, S. Lee, D.-I. Yeom, and F. Rotermund, “Mode locking of a Cr:YAG laser with carbon nanotubes,” Opt. Lett. 35(16), 2669–2671 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, X. Mateos, M. C. Pujol, J. J. Carvajal, M. Aguiló, and F. Díaz, “Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 microm using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 17(13), 11007–11012 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Schmidt, S. Rivier, W. B. Cho, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, D. Rytz, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, and U. Griebner, “Sub-100 fs single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber mode-locked Yb-laser operation near 1 microm,” Opt. Express 17(22), 20109–20116 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, U. Griebner, V. Petrov, and F. Rotermund, “Mode-locked self-starting Cr:forsterite laser using a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Lett. 33(21), 2449–2451 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, X. Mateos, M. C. Pujol, J. J. Carvajal, M. Aguiló, and F. Díaz, “Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 microm using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 17(13), 11007–11012 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. S. Strano, C. A. Dyke, M. L. Usrey, P. W. Barone, M. J. Allen, H. Shan, C. Kittrell, R. H. Hauge, J. M. Tour, and R. E. Smalley, “Electronic structure control of single-walled carbon nanotube functionalization,” Science 301(5639), 1519–1522 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- P. Avouris, M. Freitag, and V. Perebeinos, “Carbon-nanotube photonics and optoelectronics,” Nat. Photonics 2(6), 341–350 (2008). [CrossRef]
- S. Tatsuura, M. Furuki, Y. Sato, I. Iwasa, M. Tian, and H. Mitsu, “Semiconductor carbon nanotubes as ultrafast switching materials for optical telecommunications,” Adv. Mater. 15(6), 534–537 (2003). [CrossRef]
- D. H. Sutter, G. Steinmeyer, L. Gallmann, N. Matuschek, F. Morier-Genoud, U. Keller, V. Scheuer, G. Angelow, and T. Tschudi, “Semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror assisted Kerr-lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser producing pulses in the two-cycle regime,” Opt. Lett. 24(9), 631–633 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. Haiml, R. Grange, and U. Keller, “Optical characterization of semiconductor saturable absorbers,” Appl. Phys. B 79(3), 331–339 (2004). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, S. Y. Choi, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, S. Lee, D.-I. Yeom, and F. Rotermund, “Mode locking of a Cr:YAG laser with carbon nanotubes,” Opt. Lett. 35(16), 2669–2671 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Schmidt, S. Rivier, W. B. Cho, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, D. Rytz, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, and U. Griebner, “Sub-100 fs single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber mode-locked Yb-laser operation near 1 microm,” Opt. Express 17(22), 20109–20116 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, X. Mateos, M. C. Pujol, J. J. Carvajal, M. Aguiló, and F. Díaz, “Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 microm using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 17(13), 11007–11012 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, U. Griebner, V. Petrov, and F. Rotermund, “Mode-locked self-starting Cr:forsterite laser using a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Lett. 33(21), 2449–2451 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Agnesi, A. Guandalini, G. Reali, J. K. Jabczynski, K. Kopczynski, and Z. Mierczyk, “Diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser at 1. 34 μm Q-switched and mode locked by a V3+:YAG saturable absorber,” Opt. Commun. 194(4-6), 429–433 (2001). [CrossRef]
- N. Kamaraju, S. Kumar, A. K. Sood, S. Guha, S. Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “S, Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “Large nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of carbon nanotubes estimated from femtosecond z-scan measurements,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(25), 251103 (2007). [CrossRef]
- M. Haiml, R. Grange, and U. Keller, “Optical characterization of semiconductor saturable absorbers,” Appl. Phys. B 79(3), 331–339 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. S. Strano, C. A. Dyke, M. L. Usrey, P. W. Barone, M. J. Allen, H. Shan, C. Kittrell, R. H. Hauge, J. M. Tour, and R. E. Smalley, “Electronic structure control of single-walled carbon nanotube functionalization,” Science 301(5639), 1519–1522 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- C. Hönninger, G. Zhang, U. Keller, and A. Giesen, “Femtosecond Yb:YAG laser using semiconductor saturable absorbers,” Opt. Lett. 20(23), 2402–2404 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Tatsuura, M. Furuki, Y. Sato, I. Iwasa, M. Tian, and H. Mitsu, “Semiconductor carbon nanotubes as ultrafast switching materials for optical telecommunications,” Adv. Mater. 15(6), 534–537 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. Agnesi, A. Guandalini, G. Reali, J. K. Jabczynski, K. Kopczynski, and Z. Mierczyk, “Diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser at 1. 34 μm Q-switched and mode locked by a V3+:YAG saturable absorber,” Opt. Commun. 194(4-6), 429–433 (2001). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- N. Kamaraju, S. Kumar, A. K. Sood, S. Guha, S. Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “S, Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “Large nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of carbon nanotubes estimated from femtosecond z-scan measurements,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(25), 251103 (2007). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- D. J. H. Maas, B. Rudin, A.-R. Bellancourt, D. Iwaniuk, S. V. Marchese, T. Südmeyer, and U. Keller, “High precision optical characterization of semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors,” Opt. Express 16(10), 7571–7579 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Haiml, R. Grange, and U. Keller, “Optical characterization of semiconductor saturable absorbers,” Appl. Phys. B 79(3), 331–339 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D. H. Sutter, G. Steinmeyer, L. Gallmann, N. Matuschek, F. Morier-Genoud, U. Keller, V. Scheuer, G. Angelow, and T. Tschudi, “Semiconductor saturable-absorber mirror assisted Kerr-lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser producing pulses in the two-cycle regime,” Opt. Lett. 24(9), 631–633 (1999). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- C. Hönninger, G. Zhang, U. Keller, and A. Giesen, “Femtosecond Yb:YAG laser using semiconductor saturable absorbers,” Opt. Lett. 20(23), 2402–2404 (1995). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. S. Strano, C. A. Dyke, M. L. Usrey, P. W. Barone, M. J. Allen, H. Shan, C. Kittrell, R. H. Hauge, J. M. Tour, and R. E. Smalley, “Electronic structure control of single-walled carbon nanotube functionalization,” Science 301(5639), 1519–1522 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Z. Zhang, T. Nakagawa, H. Takada, K. Torizuka, T. Sugaya, T. Miura, and K. Kobayashi, “Low-loss broadband semiconductor saturable absorber mirror for mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser,” Opt. Commun. 176(1-3), 171–175 (2000). [CrossRef]
- A. Agnesi, A. Guandalini, G. Reali, J. K. Jabczynski, K. Kopczynski, and Z. Mierczyk, “Diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser at 1. 34 μm Q-switched and mode locked by a V3+:YAG saturable absorber,” Opt. Commun. 194(4-6), 429–433 (2001). [CrossRef]
- U. Keller, K. J. Weingarten, F. X. Kärtner, D. Kopf, B. Braun, I. D. Jung, R. Fluck, C. Hönninger, N. Matuschek, and J. Aus der Au, “Semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) for femtosecond to nanosecond pulse generation in solid-state lasers,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 2(3), 435–453 (1996). [CrossRef]
- N. Kamaraju, S. Kumar, A. K. Sood, S. Guha, S. Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “S, Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “Large nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of carbon nanotubes estimated from femtosecond z-scan measurements,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(25), 251103 (2007). [CrossRef]
- N. Kamaraju, S. Kumar, A. K. Sood, S. Guha, S. Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “S, Krishnamurthy, and C. N. R. Rao, “Large nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of carbon nanotubes estimated from femtosecond z-scan measurements,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 91(25), 251103 (2007). [CrossRef]
- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, S. Y. Choi, V. Petrov, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, S. Lee, D.-I. Yeom, and F. Rotermund, “Mode locking of a Cr:YAG laser with carbon nanotubes,” Opt. Lett. 35(16), 2669–2671 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, A. Schmidt, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, U. Griebner, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, X. Mateos, M. C. Pujol, J. J. Carvajal, M. Aguiló, and F. Díaz, “Passive mode-locking of a Tm-doped bulk laser near 2 microm using a carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Express 17(13), 11007–11012 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Schmidt, S. Rivier, W. B. Cho, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, F. Rotermund, D. Rytz, G. Steinmeyer, V. Petrov, and U. Griebner, “Sub-100 fs single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber mode-locked Yb-laser operation near 1 microm,” Opt. Express 17(22), 20109–20116 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. B. Cho, J. H. Yim, S. Y. Choi, S. Lee, U. Griebner, V. Petrov, and F. Rotermund, “Mode-locked self-starting Cr:forsterite laser using a single-walled carbon nanotube saturable absorber,” Opt. Lett. 33(21), 2449–2451 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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