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Enhancement of laser action in ZnO nanorods assisted by surface plasmon resonance of reduced graphene oxide nanoflakes

Shih-Hao Cheng, Yun-Chieh Yeh, Meng-Lin Lu, Chun-Wei Chen, and Yang-Fang Chen

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We report the discovery of an enhancement of the random laser action in a nanocomposite comprising reduced graphene oxide nanoflakes and ZnO nanorods. We show that both emission intensity and lasing threshold exhibit an obvious improvement. Based on our theoretical calculations, the mechanism underlying the enhanced stimulated emission can be attributed to coupling between the optical transition and the surface plasmon resonance of the reduced graphene oxide nanoflakes, induced by the ZnO nanorod surface roughness. The approach we describe here will be very useful for the future development of high-efficiency optoelectronic devices and offers an alternative route for application of reduced graphene oxide.

©2012 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Raman spectra of reduced graphene oxide nanoflakes (b) Scanning electron microscope image of the composite of ZnO nanorods and reduced graphene oxide. (c) Side-view SEM image of the structure showing the ZnO nanorods with the coverage of reduced graphene oxide nanoflakes.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Photoluminescence spectra of (a) pristine ZnO nanorods (b) the composite consisting of ZnO nanorods and reduced graphene oxide.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 Correlation between emission intensity versus excitation power.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Theoretical simulation result of surface corrugation of ZnO nanorod versus the wavelength of graphene surface plasmon. The arrow indicates that when the surface corrugation is 1.56 nm, the corresponding surface plasmon wavelength is 388 nm, which belongs to one of the peak position of laser action shown in Fig. 2. (b) High resolution transmission electron microscope image of ZnO nanorod.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Time-resolved photoluminescence decay spectra for pristine ZnO nanorods and reduced graphene oxide/ZnO nanorods monitored at the peak emission wavelength of 388 nm.

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Equations (1)

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ω(q)=[ n e e 2 ε 0 (1+ ε b ) m * q+ 3 4 ν F 2 q 2 ],
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