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Enhanced power generation in concentrated photovoltaics using broadband antireflective coverglasses with moth eye structures

Young Min Song, Yonkil Jeong, Chan Il Yeo, and Yong Tak Lee

Open Access Open Access

Abstract

We present the effect of broadband antireflective coverglasses (BARCs) with moth eye structures on the power generation capability of a sub-receiver module for concentrated photovoltaics. The period and height of the moth eye structures were designed by a rigorous coupled-wave analysis method in order to cover the full solar spectral ranges without transmission band shrinkage. The BARCs with moth eye structures were prepared by the dry etching of silver (Ag) nanomasks, and the fabricated moth eye structures on coverglass showed strongly enhanced transmittance compared to the bare glass with a flat surface, at wavelengths of 300 - 1800 nm. The BARCs were mounted on InGaP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells and the power conversion efficiency of this sub-receiver module reached 42.16% for 196 suns, which is a 7.41% boosted value compared to that of a module with bare coverglass, without any detrimental changes of the open circuit voltages (Voc) and fill factor (FF).

©2012 Optical Society of America

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Figures (5)
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 (a) Schematic diagram of CPV sub-receiver module with BARCs. The right figure shows the fabrication steps for BARCs with moth eye surfaces, (b) Refractive index profiles of CPV sub-receiver module as a function of height for three different cases: without bare coverglass (BC), with BC, and with BARC. Refractive indices of each material at ~600 nm were considered.

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Fig. 2
Fig. 2 Calculated total transmittance spectra (300 - 1800 nm) of glasses with moth eye structure (single-side) (a) for 200, 400, and 600 nm period and (b) for 200 - 500 nm heights with 100 nm steps. Transmittance data of glass with a flat surface is also included as a reference.

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Fig. 3
Fig. 3 (a) SEM images (45°-tilted angle view) of (i-iii) thermally dewetted Ag NPs on coverglass substrates and (iv-vi) moth eye structures fabricated with an overall dry etch process for 7 min. Initial Ag film thicknesses correspond to (i, iv) 10 nm, (ii, v) 20 nm, and (iii, vi) 30 nm, respectively. Scale bar: 1 μm. (b) Measured transmittance of a bare glass (black solid line) and moth eye structure integrated glasses with Ag film thickness of 10, 20, and 30 nm, respectively. A black dotted line corresponds to the maximum transmittance spectra of glass with zero-reflectance at single-side.

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Fig. 4
Fig. 4 (a) Measured reflectance results of GaInP/GaAs/Ge triple-junction solar cells without BC (black line), with BC (blue line), with BARC (red line). AM 1.5G solar spectrum is also shown as a reference. (b) J-V characteristics of sub-receiver modules with three different types under AM 1.5G 1-sun. Inset shows the Jsc of modules of three types.

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Fig. 5
Fig. 5 Power conversion efficiency and current density of CPV sub-receiver modules with three different types as a function of light concentration ratio.

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Tables (1)

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Table 1 Device characteristics of the sub-receiver modules for three different types

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