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Solving structure with sparse, randomly-oriented x-ray data |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 12, pp. 13129-13137 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.013129
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Abstract
Single-particle imaging experiments of biomolecules at x-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) require processing hundreds of thousands of images that contain very few x-rays. Each low-fluence image of the diffraction pattern is produced by a single, randomly oriented particle, such as a protein. We demonstrate the feasibility of recovering structural information at these extremes using low-fluence images of a randomly oriented 2D x-ray mask. Successful reconstruction is obtained with images averaging only 2.5 photons per frame, where it seems doubtful there could be information about the state of rotation, let alone the image contrast. This is accomplished with an expectation maximization algorithm that processes the low-fluence data in aggregate, and without any prior knowledge of the object or its orientation. The versatility of the method promises, more generally, to redefine what measurement scenarios can provide useful signal.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(000.2190) General : Experimental physics
(040.0040) Detectors : Detectors
(040.7480) Detectors : X-rays, soft x-rays, extreme ultraviolet (EUV)
(110.7440) Imaging systems : X-ray imaging
(110.3055) Imaging systems : Information theoretical analysis
(110.4155) Imaging systems : Multiframe image processing
ToC Category:
Imaging Systems
History
Original Manuscript: March 23, 2012
Revised Manuscript: April 30, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: May 16, 2012
Published: May 25, 2012
Virtual Issues
Vol. 7, Iss. 8 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Hugh T. Philipp, Kartik Ayyer, Mark W. Tate, Veit Elser, and Sol M. Gruner, "Solving structure with sparse, randomly-oriented x-ray data," Opt. Express 20, 13129-13137 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-12-13129
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