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Directional single mode emission in a microcavity laserMyung-Woon Kim, Chang-Hwan Yi, Sunghwan Rim, Chil-Min Kim, Jong-Hoi Kim, and Kwang-Ryung Oh »View Author Affiliations
Myung-Woon Kim,1
Chang-Hwan Yi,1
Sunghwan Rim,2
Chil-Min Kim,1,*
Jong-Hoi Kim,3
and Kwang-Ryung Oh3
1Department of Physics, Sogang University, Seoul 121-742, South Korea 2Department of Astronomy and Space Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 305-764, South Korea 3IT Convergence and Components Lab., Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon 305-700, South Korea *Corresponding author: chmkim@sogang.ac.kr |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 13, pp. 13651-13656 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.013651
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Abstract
We report directional single mode emission in an InGaAsP semiconductor microcavity laser, which is composed of a circle and an isosceles trapezoid. When exciting a whole cavity, the laser generates a single mode without hopping in two directions over a wide range of continuous injection currents. In the emission spectrum, it is confirmed from the equidistant mode spacing that a scar mode becomes a single lasing mode above the lasing threshold. A numerical analysis of the boundary element method shows that the far-field pattern of the resonance agrees well with that of the experiment.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(140.3570) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, single-mode
(140.5960) Lasers and laser optics : Semiconductor lasers
(140.3945) Lasers and laser optics : Microcavities
ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics
History
Original Manuscript: March 9, 2012
Revised Manuscript: May 11, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: May 21, 2012
Published: June 4, 2012
Citation
Myung-Woon Kim, Chang-Hwan Yi, Sunghwan Rim, Chil-Min Kim, Jong-Hoi Kim, and Kwang-Ryung Oh, "Directional single mode emission in a microcavity laser," Opt. Express 20, 13651-13656 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-13-13651
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References
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- R. Audet, M. A. Belkin, J. A. Fan, B. G. Lee, K. Lin, F. Capasso, E. E. Narimanov, D. Bour, S. Corzine, J. Zhu, and G. Höfler, “Single-mode laser action in quantum cascade lasers with spiral-shaped chaotic resonators,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 131106 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. L. Zou, F.-W. Sun, C.-H. Dong, X.-W. Wu, J.-M. Cui, Y. Yang, G.-C. Guo, and Z.-F. Han, “Mechanism of unidirectional emission of ultrahigh Q whispering gallery mode in microcavities,” arXiv:0908.3531v1 (2008).
- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, L. Diehl, M. Hentschel, J. Wiersig, N. Yu, C. Pflügl, M. A. Belkin, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Deformed microcavity quantum cascade lasers with directional emission,” New J. Phys.11, 125018 (2009). [CrossRef]
- C. L. Zou, F.-W. Sun, C.-H. Dong, X.-W. Wu, J.-M. Cui, Y. Yang, G.-C. Guo, and Z.-F. Han, “Mechanism of unidirectional emission of ultrahigh Q whispering gallery mode in microcavities,” arXiv:0908.3531v1 (2008).
- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, L. Diehl, M. Hentschel, J. Wiersig, N. Yu, C. Pflügl, M. A. Belkin, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Deformed microcavity quantum cascade lasers with directional emission,” New J. Phys.11, 125018 (2009). [CrossRef]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, E. E. Narimanov, J. U. Nöckel, A. D. Stone, J. Faist, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “High-power directional emission from microlasers with chaotic resonators,” Science280, 1556–1564 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Audet, M. A. Belkin, J. A. Fan, B. G. Lee, K. Lin, F. Capasso, E. E. Narimanov, D. Bour, S. Corzine, J. Zhu, and G. Höfler, “Single-mode laser action in quantum cascade lasers with spiral-shaped chaotic resonators,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 131106 (2007). [CrossRef]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, E. E. Narimanov, J. U. Nöckel, A. D. Stone, J. Faist, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “High-power directional emission from microlasers with chaotic resonators,” Science280, 1556–1564 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. L. Zou, F.-W. Sun, C.-H. Dong, X.-W. Wu, J.-M. Cui, Y. Yang, G.-C. Guo, and Z.-F. Han, “Mechanism of unidirectional emission of ultrahigh Q whispering gallery mode in microcavities,” arXiv:0908.3531v1 (2008).
- C. L. Zou, F.-W. Sun, C.-H. Dong, X.-W. Wu, J.-M. Cui, Y. Yang, G.-C. Guo, and Z.-F. Han, “Mechanism of unidirectional emission of ultrahigh Q whispering gallery mode in microcavities,” arXiv:0908.3531v1 (2008).
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, L. Diehl, M. Hentschel, J. Wiersig, N. Yu, C. Pflügl, M. A. Belkin, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Deformed microcavity quantum cascade lasers with directional emission,” New J. Phys.11, 125018 (2009). [CrossRef]
- J. Wiersig and M. Hentschel, “Combining directional light output and ultralow loss in deformed microdisks,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 033901 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Wiersig and M. Hentschel, “Unidirectional light emission from high-Q modes in optical microcavities,” Phys. Rev. A73, 031802(R) (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Audet, M. A. Belkin, J. A. Fan, B. G. Lee, K. Lin, F. Capasso, E. E. Narimanov, D. Bour, S. Corzine, J. Zhu, and G. Höfler, “Single-mode laser action in quantum cascade lasers with spiral-shaped chaotic resonators,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 131106 (2007). [CrossRef]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- G. D. Chern, H. E. Tureci, A. D. Stone, R. K. Chang, M. Kneissl, and N. M. Johnson, “Unidirectional lasing from InGaN multiple-quantum-well spiral-shaped micropillars,” Appl. Phys. Lett.83, 1710–1712 (2003). [CrossRef]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, L. Diehl, M. Hentschel, J. Wiersig, N. Yu, C. Pflügl, M. A. Belkin, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Deformed microcavity quantum cascade lasers with directional emission,” New J. Phys.11, 125018 (2009). [CrossRef]
- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Lee, S. Rim, J. Cho, and C.-M. Kim, “Unidirectional resonance modes supported by secondary islands in a microcavity comprised of two half-ellipses,” Phys. Rev. A83, 033815 (2011). [CrossRef]
- C.-H. Yi, S. H. Lee, M.-W. Kim, J. Cho, J. Lee, S.-Y. Lee, J. Wiersig, and C.-M. Kim, “Light emission of a scarlike mode with assistance of quasiperiodicity,” Phys. Rev. A84, 041803(R) (2011). [CrossRef]
- C.-H. Yi, M.-W. Kim, and C.-M. Kim, “Lasing characteristics of a limaçon-shaped microcavity laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95, 141107 (2009). [CrossRef]
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- J. Lee, S. Rim, J. Cho, and C.-M. Kim, “Unidirectional resonance modes supported by secondary islands in a microcavity comprised of two half-ellipses,” Phys. Rev. A83, 033815 (2011). [CrossRef]
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- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, L. Diehl, M. Hentschel, J. Wiersig, N. Yu, C. Pflügl, M. A. Belkin, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Deformed microcavity quantum cascade lasers with directional emission,” New J. Phys.11, 125018 (2009). [CrossRef]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- J. Lee, S. Rim, J. Cho, and C.-M. Kim, “Unidirectional resonance modes supported by secondary islands in a microcavity comprised of two half-ellipses,” Phys. Rev. A83, 033815 (2011). [CrossRef]
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- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- F. Xia, L. Sekaric, and Y. Vlasov, “Ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics1, 65–71 (2007). [CrossRef]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- S.-B. Lee, J. Yang, S. Moon, J.-H. Lee, K. An, J.-B. Shim, H.-W. Lee, and S. W. Kim, “Universal output directionality of single modes in a deformed microcavity,” Phys. Rev. A75, 011802(R) (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, E. E. Narimanov, J. U. Nöckel, A. D. Stone, J. Faist, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “High-power directional emission from microlasers with chaotic resonators,” Science280, 1556–1564 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. T. Hill, H. J. Dorren, T. De Vries, X. J. Leijtens, J. H. Den Besten, B. Smalbrugge, Y. S. Oei, H. Binsma, G. D. Khoe, and M. K. Smit, “A fast low-power optical memory based on coupled micro-ring lasers,” Nature432, 206–209 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. K. Armani, T. J. Kippenberg, S. M. Spillane, and K. J. Vahala, “Ultra-high-Q toroid microcavity on a chip,” Nature421, 925–928 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. M. Spillane, T. J. Kippenberg, and K. J. Vahala, “Ultralow-threshold Raman laser using a spherical dielectric microcavity,” Nature415, 621–623 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. D. Chern, H. E. Tureci, A. D. Stone, R. K. Chang, M. Kneissl, and N. M. Johnson, “Unidirectional lasing from InGaN multiple-quantum-well spiral-shaped micropillars,” Appl. Phys. Lett.83, 1710–1712 (2003). [CrossRef]
- C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, E. E. Narimanov, J. U. Nöckel, A. D. Stone, J. Faist, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho, “High-power directional emission from microlasers with chaotic resonators,” Science280, 1556–1564 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- C. L. Zou, F.-W. Sun, C.-H. Dong, X.-W. Wu, J.-M. Cui, Y. Yang, G.-C. Guo, and Z.-F. Han, “Mechanism of unidirectional emission of ultrahigh Q whispering gallery mode in microcavities,” arXiv:0908.3531v1 (2008).
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- G. D. Chern, H. E. Tureci, A. D. Stone, R. K. Chang, M. Kneissl, and N. M. Johnson, “Unidirectional lasing from InGaN multiple-quantum-well spiral-shaped micropillars,” Appl. Phys. Lett.83, 1710–1712 (2003). [CrossRef]
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- S. M. Spillane, T. J. Kippenberg, and K. J. Vahala, “Ultralow-threshold Raman laser using a spherical dielectric microcavity,” Nature415, 621–623 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
- F. Xia, L. Sekaric, and Y. Vlasov, “Ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics1, 65–71 (2007). [CrossRef]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, L. Diehl, M. Hentschel, J. Wiersig, N. Yu, C. Pflügl, M. A. Belkin, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Deformed microcavity quantum cascade lasers with directional emission,” New J. Phys.11, 125018 (2009). [CrossRef]
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- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- J. Wiersig and M. Hentschel, “Unidirectional light emission from high-Q modes in optical microcavities,” Phys. Rev. A73, 031802(R) (2006). [CrossRef]
- C. L. Zou, F.-W. Sun, C.-H. Dong, X.-W. Wu, J.-M. Cui, Y. Yang, G.-C. Guo, and Z.-F. Han, “Mechanism of unidirectional emission of ultrahigh Q whispering gallery mode in microcavities,” arXiv:0908.3531v1 (2008).
- F. Xia, L. Sekaric, and Y. Vlasov, “Ultracompact optical buffers on a silicon chip,” Nat. Photonics1, 65–71 (2007). [CrossRef]
- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- C. L. Zou, F.-W. Sun, C.-H. Dong, X.-W. Wu, J.-M. Cui, Y. Yang, G.-C. Guo, and Z.-F. Han, “Mechanism of unidirectional emission of ultrahigh Q whispering gallery mode in microcavities,” arXiv:0908.3531v1 (2008).
- C.-H. Yi, S. H. Lee, M.-W. Kim, J. Cho, J. Lee, S.-Y. Lee, J. Wiersig, and C.-M. Kim, “Light emission of a scarlike mode with assistance of quasiperiodicity,” Phys. Rev. A84, 041803(R) (2011). [CrossRef]
- C.-H. Yi, M.-W. Kim, and C.-M. Kim, “Lasing characteristics of a limaçon-shaped microcavity laser,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95, 141107 (2009). [CrossRef]
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- Q. J. Wang, C. Yan, N. Yu, J. Unterhinninghofen, J. Wiersig, C. Pflügl, L. Diehl, T. Edamura, M. Yamanishi, H. Kan, and F. Capasso, “Whispering-gallery mode resonators for highly unidirectional laser action,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA107, 22407–22412 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- B. Pezeshki, E. Vail, J. Kubicky, G. Yoffe, S. Zou, J. Heanue, P. Epp, S. Rishton, D. Ton, B. Faraji, M. Emanuel, X. Hong, M. Sherback, V. Agrawal, C. Chipman, and T. Razazan, “20-mW widely tunable laser module using DFB array and MEMS selection,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.14, 1457–1459 (2002). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
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IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.
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Nat. Photonics
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Nature
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New J. Phys.
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Opt. Lett.
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Phys. Rev. Lett.
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