Generation of ultrashort 25-μJ pulses at 200 nm by dual broadband frequency doubling with a thin KBe2BO3F2 crystal

doi:10.1364/OE.20.013684

Generation of ultrashort 25-μJ pulses at 200 nm by dual broadband frequency doubling with a thin KBe₂BO₃F₂ crystal

Chun Zhou, Teruto Kanai, Xiaoyang Wang, Yong Zhu, Chuangtian Chen, and Shuntaro Watanabe »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 13, pp. 13684-13691 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.013684

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Abstract

Ultrashort pulses with a 25-μJ output energy were generated at 200 nm by dual broadband frequency doubling with a thin KBe₂BO₃F₂ (KBBF) crystal at 1 kHz as the fourth harmonic of a high power Ti:sapphire laser. The spectrum was broadened to a spectral width of 2.25 nm. The pulse duration of 56 fs was measured by single-shot autocorrelation with two-photon fluorescence from self-trapped excitons in a CaF₂ crystal.

OCIS Codes
(140.7090) Lasers and laser optics : Ultrafast lasers
(140.7240) Lasers and laser optics : UV, EUV, and X-ray lasers
(140.3515) Lasers and laser optics : Lasers, frequency doubled

ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics

History
Original Manuscript: April 12, 2012
Revised Manuscript: May 23, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: May 24, 2012
Published: June 4, 2012

Citation
Chun Zhou, Teruto Kanai, Xiaoyang Wang, Yong Zhu, Chuangtian Chen, and Shuntaro Watanabe, "Generation of ultrashort 25-μJ pulses at 200 nm by dual broadband frequency doubling with a thin KBe₂BO₃F₂ crystal," Opt. Express 20, 13684-13691 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-13-13684

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References

P. B. Corkum and F. Krausz, “Attosecond science,” Nat. Phys.3(6), 381–387 (2007). [CrossRef]
T. Sekikawa, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet,” Nature432(7017), 605–608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Kiss, F. Kanetaka, T. Yokoya, T. Shimojima, K. Kanai, S. Shin, Y. Onuki, T. Togashi, C. Zhang, C. T. Chen, and S. Watanabe, “Photoemission spectroscopic evidence of gap anisotropy in an f-Electron superconductor,” Phys. Rev. Lett.94(5), 057001 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Mathias, L. Miaja-Avila, M. M. Murnane, H. Kapteyn, M. Aeschlimann, and M. Bauer, “Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a femtosecond high harmonic light source using a two-dimensional imaging electron analyzer,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.78(8), 083105 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. Ishizaka, T. Kiss, T. Yamamoto, Y. Ishida, T. Saitoh, M. Matsunami, R. Eguchi, T. Ohtsuki, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, M. Nohara, H. Takagi, S. Watanabe, and S. Shin, “Femtosecond core-level photoemision spectroscopy on 1T-TaS2 using a 60-eV laser source,” Phys. Rev. B83(8), 081104 (2011). [CrossRef]
D. Yoshitomi, T. Shimizu, T. Sekikawa, and S. Watanabe, “Generation and focusing of submilliwatt-average-power 50-nm pulses by the fifth harmonic of a KrF laser,” Opt. Lett.27(24), 2170–2172 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. L. Ishikawa, K. Schiessl, E. Persson, and J. Burgdörfer, “Fine-scale oscillations in the wavelength and intensity dependence of high-order harmonic generation: Connection with channel closings,” Phys. Rev. A79(3), 033411 (2009). [CrossRef]
A. Rundquist, C. G. Durfee, Z. Chang, C. Herne, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays,” Science280(5368), 1412–1415 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
E. Takahashi, Y. Nabekawa, and K. Midorikawa, “Generation of 10- microJ coherent extreme-ultraviolet light by use of high-order harmonics,” Opt. Lett.27(21), 1920–1922 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. G. Durfee, S. Backus, H. C. Kapteyn, and M. M. Murnane, “Intense 8-fs pulse generation in the deep ultraviolet,” Opt. Lett.24(10), 697–699 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Fuji, T. Horio, and T. Suzuki, “Generation of 12 fs deep-ultraviolet pulses by four-wave mixing through filamentation in neon gas,” Opt. Lett.32(17), 2481–2483 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Ghotbi, P. Trabs, and M. Beutler, “Generation of high-energy, sub-20-fs pulses in the deep ultraviolet by using spectral broadening during filamentation in argon,” Opt. Lett.36(4), 463–465 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Ghotbi, M. Beutler, and F. Noack, “Generation of 2.5 μJ vacuum ultraviolet pulses with sub-50 fs duration by noncollinear four-wave mixing in argon,” Opt. Lett.35(20), 3492–3494 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Nagy and P. Simon, “Generation of 200-microJ, sub-25-fs deep-UV pulses using a noble-gas-filled hollow fiber,” Opt. Lett.34(15), 2300–2302 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Kanai, X. Zhou, T. Sekikawa, S. Watanabe, and T. Togashi, “Generation of subterawatt sub-10-fs blue pulses at 1-5 kHz by broadband frequency doubling,” Opt. Lett.28(16), 1484–1486 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Kanai, X. Zhou, T. Liu, A. Kosuge, T. Sekikawa, and S. Watanabe, “Generation of terawatt 10-fs blue pulses by compensation for pulse-front distortion in broadband frequency doubling,” Opt. Lett.29(24), 2929–2931 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. Seifert, J. Ringling, F. Noack, V. Petrov, and O. Kittelmann, “Generation of tunable femtosecond pulses to as low as 172.7 nm by sum-frequency mixing in lithium triborate,” Opt. Lett.19(19), 1538–1540 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
O. E. Martinez, “Achromatic phase matching for second harmonic generation of femtosecond pulses,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.25(12), 2464–2468 (1989). [CrossRef]
G. Szabó and Z. Bor, “Broadband frequency doubler for femtosecond pulses,” Appl. Phys. B50, 51–54 (1990). [CrossRef]
C. Chen, J. Lu, T. Togashi, T. Suganuma, T. Sekikawa, S. Watanabe, Z. Xu, and J. Wang, “Second-harmonic generation from a KBe2 BO3F2 crystal in the deep ultraviolet,” Opt. Lett.27(8), 637–639 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Togashi, T. Kanai, T. Sekikawa, S. Watanabe, C. Chen, C. Zhang, Z. Xu, and J. Wang, “Generation of vacuum-ultraviolet light by an optically contacted, prism-coupled KBe2BO3F2 crystal,” Opt. Lett.28(4), 254–256 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Chen, G. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Zhu, Z. Xu, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Improved sellmeier equations and phase-matching characteristics in deep-ultraviolet region of KBe2BO3F2 crystal,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.44(7), 617–621 (2008). [CrossRef]
W. H. Glenn, “Second-harmonic generation by picosecond optical pulses,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.5(6), 284–290 (1969). [CrossRef]
R. C. Miller, “Second harmonic generation with a broadband optical maser,” Phys. Lett.26A, 177–178 (1968).
Y. Nabekawa, Y. Kuramoto, T. Togashi, T. Sekikawa, and S. Watanabe, “Generation of 0.66-TW pulses at 1 kHz by a Ti:sapphire laser,” Opt. Lett.23(17), 1384–1386 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. Zhou, T. Seki, T. Sukegawa, T. Kanai, J. Itatani, Y. Kobayashi, and S. Watanabe, “Large-scale, high-efficiency transmission grating for Terawatt-class Ti:sapphire lasers at 1 kHz,” Appl. Phys. Express4(7), 072701 (2011). [CrossRef]
K. Hata, M. Watanabe, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear processes in UV optical materials at 248 nm,” Appl. Phys. B50(1), 55–59 (1990). [CrossRef]
N. Sarukura, M. Watanabe, A. Endoh, and S. Watanabe, “Single-shot measurement of subpicosecond KrF pulse width by three-photon fluorescence of the XeF visible transition,” Opt. Lett.13(11), 996–998 (1988). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. T. Williams, J. N. Bradford, and W. L. Faust, “Short-pulse optical studies of exciton relaxation and F-center formation in NaCl, KCl, and NaBr,” Phys. Rev. B18(12), 7038–7057 (1978). [CrossRef]
S. A. Slattery and D. N. Nikogosyan, “Two-photon absorption at 211 nm in fused silica, crystalline quartz and some alkali halides,” Opt. Commun.228(1-3), 127–131 (2003). [CrossRef]

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[1] P. B. Corkum and F. Krausz, “Attosecond science,” Nat. Phys.3(6), 381–387 (2007). [CrossRef]

[2] T. Sekikawa, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet,” Nature432(7017), 605–608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[3] T. Kiss, F. Kanetaka, T. Yokoya, T. Shimojima, K. Kanai, S. Shin, Y. Onuki, T. Togashi, C. Zhang, C. T. Chen, and S. Watanabe, “Photoemission spectroscopic evidence of gap anisotropy in an f-Electron superconductor,” Phys. Rev. Lett.94(5), 057001 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] S. Mathias, L. Miaja-Avila, M. M. Murnane, H. Kapteyn, M. Aeschlimann, and M. Bauer, “Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with a femtosecond high harmonic light source using a two-dimensional imaging electron analyzer,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.78(8), 083105 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] K. Ishizaka, T. Kiss, T. Yamamoto, Y. Ishida, T. Saitoh, M. Matsunami, R. Eguchi, T. Ohtsuki, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, M. Nohara, H. Takagi, S. Watanabe, and S. Shin, “Femtosecond core-level photoemision spectroscopy on 1T-TaS2 using a 60-eV laser source,” Phys. Rev. B83(8), 081104 (2011). [CrossRef]

[6] D. Yoshitomi, T. Shimizu, T. Sekikawa, and S. Watanabe, “Generation and focusing of submilliwatt-average-power 50-nm pulses by the fifth harmonic of a KrF laser,” Opt. Lett.27(24), 2170–2172 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] K. L. Ishikawa, K. Schiessl, E. Persson, and J. Burgdörfer, “Fine-scale oscillations in the wavelength and intensity dependence of high-order harmonic generation: Connection with channel closings,” Phys. Rev. A79(3), 033411 (2009). [CrossRef]

[8] A. Rundquist, C. G. Durfee, Z. Chang, C. Herne, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays,” Science280(5368), 1412–1415 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] E. Takahashi, Y. Nabekawa, and K. Midorikawa, “Generation of 10- microJ coherent extreme-ultraviolet light by use of high-order harmonics,” Opt. Lett.27(21), 1920–1922 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] C. G. Durfee, S. Backus, H. C. Kapteyn, and M. M. Murnane, “Intense 8-fs pulse generation in the deep ultraviolet,” Opt. Lett.24(10), 697–699 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] T. Fuji, T. Horio, and T. Suzuki, “Generation of 12 fs deep-ultraviolet pulses by four-wave mixing through filamentation in neon gas,” Opt. Lett.32(17), 2481–2483 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[12] M. Ghotbi, P. Trabs, and M. Beutler, “Generation of high-energy, sub-20-fs pulses in the deep ultraviolet by using spectral broadening during filamentation in argon,” Opt. Lett.36(4), 463–465 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] M. Ghotbi, M. Beutler, and F. Noack, “Generation of 2.5 μJ vacuum ultraviolet pulses with sub-50 fs duration by noncollinear four-wave mixing in argon,” Opt. Lett.35(20), 3492–3494 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] T. Nagy and P. Simon, “Generation of 200-microJ, sub-25-fs deep-UV pulses using a noble-gas-filled hollow fiber,” Opt. Lett.34(15), 2300–2302 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[15] T. Kanai, X. Zhou, T. Sekikawa, S. Watanabe, and T. Togashi, “Generation of subterawatt sub-10-fs blue pulses at 1-5 kHz by broadband frequency doubling,” Opt. Lett.28(16), 1484–1486 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[16] T. Kanai, X. Zhou, T. Liu, A. Kosuge, T. Sekikawa, and S. Watanabe, “Generation of terawatt 10-fs blue pulses by compensation for pulse-front distortion in broadband frequency doubling,” Opt. Lett.29(24), 2929–2931 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[17] F. Seifert, J. Ringling, F. Noack, V. Petrov, and O. Kittelmann, “Generation of tunable femtosecond pulses to as low as 172.7 nm by sum-frequency mixing in lithium triborate,” Opt. Lett.19(19), 1538–1540 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[18] O. E. Martinez, “Achromatic phase matching for second harmonic generation of femtosecond pulses,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.25(12), 2464–2468 (1989). [CrossRef]

[19] G. Szabó and Z. Bor, “Broadband frequency doubler for femtosecond pulses,” Appl. Phys. B50, 51–54 (1990). [CrossRef]

[20] C. Chen, J. Lu, T. Togashi, T. Suganuma, T. Sekikawa, S. Watanabe, Z. Xu, and J. Wang, “Second-harmonic generation from a KBe2 BO3F2 crystal in the deep ultraviolet,” Opt. Lett.27(8), 637–639 (2002). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[21] T. Togashi, T. Kanai, T. Sekikawa, S. Watanabe, C. Chen, C. Zhang, Z. Xu, and J. Wang, “Generation of vacuum-ultraviolet light by an optically contacted, prism-coupled KBe2BO3F2 crystal,” Opt. Lett.28(4), 254–256 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[22] C. Chen, G. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Zhu, Z. Xu, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Improved sellmeier equations and phase-matching characteristics in deep-ultraviolet region of KBe2BO3F2 crystal,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.44(7), 617–621 (2008). [CrossRef]

[23] W. H. Glenn, “Second-harmonic generation by picosecond optical pulses,” IEEE J. Quantum Electron.5(6), 284–290 (1969). [CrossRef]

[24] R. C. Miller, “Second harmonic generation with a broadband optical maser,” Phys. Lett.26A, 177–178 (1968).

[25] Y. Nabekawa, Y. Kuramoto, T. Togashi, T. Sekikawa, and S. Watanabe, “Generation of 0.66-TW pulses at 1 kHz by a Ti:sapphire laser,” Opt. Lett.23(17), 1384–1386 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[26] C. Zhou, T. Seki, T. Sukegawa, T. Kanai, J. Itatani, Y. Kobayashi, and S. Watanabe, “Large-scale, high-efficiency transmission grating for Terawatt-class Ti:sapphire lasers at 1 kHz,” Appl. Phys. Express4(7), 072701 (2011). [CrossRef]

[27] K. Hata, M. Watanabe, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear processes in UV optical materials at 248 nm,” Appl. Phys. B50(1), 55–59 (1990). [CrossRef]

[28] N. Sarukura, M. Watanabe, A. Endoh, and S. Watanabe, “Single-shot measurement of subpicosecond KrF pulse width by three-photon fluorescence of the XeF visible transition,” Opt. Lett.13(11), 996–998 (1988). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[29] R. T. Williams, J. N. Bradford, and W. L. Faust, “Short-pulse optical studies of exciton relaxation and F-center formation in NaCl, KCl, and NaBr,” Phys. Rev. B18(12), 7038–7057 (1978). [CrossRef]

[30] S. A. Slattery and D. N. Nikogosyan, “Two-photon absorption at 211 nm in fused silica, crystalline quartz and some alkali halides,” Opt. Commun.228(1-3), 127–131 (2003). [CrossRef]

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