Fast response beam coupling in liquid crystal cells sandwiched between ZnSe substrates

doi:10.1364/OE.20.015843

Fast response beam coupling in liquid crystal cells sandwiched between ZnSe substrates

Chao Lian, Hua Zhao, Yanbo Pei, Xiudong Sun, and Jingwen Zhang »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 14, pp. 15843-15852 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.015843

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Abstract

Fast responses (20 ms rising time) both in symmetrical two-wave and degenerate-four-wave mixing experiments were observed and investigated in C₆₀ doped 4,4’-n-pentylcyanobiphenyl liquid crystal cells sandwiched between bare ZnSe substrates with an electric field applied parallel to the cell surfaces. The ZnSe material seems responsible for the fast response due to its excellent charge carrier transportation capability. Strong fanning effect and transient features were seen and studied, hinting super strong photorefractive effect in the material system. This low voltage operated liquid crystal based photorefractive approach is promising in real time applications over visible to terahertz regime.

OCIS Codes
(090.2870) Holography : Holographic display
(160.3710) Materials : Liquid crystals
(190.4360) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, devices
(190.5330) Nonlinear optics : Photorefractive optics
(090.5694) Holography : Real-time holography

ToC Category:
Holography

History
Original Manuscript: April 27, 2012
Revised Manuscript: June 15, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: June 17, 2012
Published: June 27, 2012

Citation
Chao Lian, Hua Zhao, Yanbo Pei, Xiudong Sun, and Jingwen Zhang, "Fast response beam coupling in liquid crystal cells sandwiched between ZnSe substrates," Opt. Express 20, 15843-15852 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-14-15843

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References

Photorefractive Materialsand Their Applications 2 Materials, P. Günter and J-P. Huignard, eds., (Springer, 2007) pp 1–640.
O. Ostroverkhova and W. E. Moerner, “Organic photorefractives: mechanisms, materials, and applications,” Chem. Rev.104(7), 3267–3314 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. Tay, P.-A. Blanche, R. Voorakaranam, A. V. Tunç, W. Lin, S. Rokutanda, T. Gu, D. Flores, P. Wang, G. Li, P. St Hilaire, J. Thomas, R. A. Norwood, M. Yamamoto, and N. Peyghambarian, “An updatable holographic three-dimensional display,” Nature451(7179), 694–698 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P.-A. Blanche, A. Bablumian, R. Voorakaranam, C. Christenson, W. Lin, T. Gu, D. Flores, P. Wang, W.-Y. Hsieh, M. Kathaperumal, B. Rachwal, O. Siddiqui, J. Thomas, R. A. Norwood, M. Yamamoto, and N. Peyghambarian, “Holographic three-dimensional telepresence using large-area photorefractive polymer,” Nature468(7320), 80–83 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
F. Simoni and L. Lucchetti, “Photorefractive effects in liquid crystals,” in Photorefractive Materials and Their Applications 2, P. Günter and J-P. Huignard, eds. (Springer, 2007), pp. 571–605.
I. C. Khoo, H. Li, and Y. Liang, “Observation of orientational photorefractive effects in nematic liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett.19(21), 1723–1725 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
G. P. Wiederrecht, B. A. Yoon, and M. R. Wasielewski, “High photorefractive gain in nematic liquid crystals doped with electron donor and acceptor molecules,” Science270(5243), 1794–1797 (1995). [CrossRef]
I. C. Khoo, “Nonlinear optics of liquid crystalline materials,” Phys. Rep.471(5-6), 221–267 (2009). [CrossRef]
J. Zhang, V. Ostroverkhov, K. D. Singer, V. Reshetnyak, and Y. Reznikov, “Electrically controlled surface diffraction gratings in nematic liquid crystals,” Opt. Lett.25(6), 414–416 (2000). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
X. Sun, Y. Pei, F. Yao, J. Zhang, and C. Hou, “Optical amplification in multilayer photorefractive liquid crystal films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(20), 201115 (2007). [CrossRef]
X. Sun, F. Yao, Y. Pei, and J. Zhang, “Light controlled diffraction gratings in C60-doped nematic liquid crystals,” J. Appl. Phys.102(1), 013104 (2007). [CrossRef]
S. Bartkiewicz, A. Miniewicz, B. Sahraoui, and F. Kajzar, “Dynamic charge-carrier-mobility-mediated holography in thin layers of photoconducting polymers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.81(20), 3705–3707 (2002). [CrossRef]
L. Sznitko, A. Anczykowska, J. Mysliwiec, and S. Bartkiewicz, “Influence of grating period on kinetic of self-diffraction in nematic liquid crystal panel with photoconducting polymeric layer,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(11), 111106 (2010). [CrossRef]
H. Zhao, C. Lian, X. Sun, and J. W. Zhang, “Nanoscale interlayer that raises response rate in photorefractive liquid crystal polymer composites,” Opt. Express19(13), 12496–12502 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Zhang and K. D. Singer, “Homogeneous photorefractive polymer/nematogen composite,” Appl. Phys. Lett.72(23), 2948–2950 (1998). [CrossRef]
C. Poga, D. M. Burland, T. Hanemann, Y. Jia, C. R. Moylan, J. J. Stankus, R. J. Twieg, and W. E. Moerner, “Photorefractivity in new organic polymeric materials,” Proc. SPIE2526, 82–93 (1995). [CrossRef]
W. E. Moerner, S. M. Silence, F. Hache, and G. C. Bjorklund, “Orientationally enhanced photorefractive effect in polymers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B11(2), 320–330 (1994). [CrossRef]
I. C. Khoo, “The infrared optical nonlinearities of nematic liquid crystals and novel two-wave mixing processes,” J. Mod. Opt.37(11), 1801–1813 (1990). [CrossRef]
L. M. Lee, H. J. Kwon, R. G. Nuzzo, and K. S. Schweizer, “Effects of temperature on the alignment and electrooptical responses of a nematic nanoscale liquid crystalline film,” J. Phys. Chem. B110(32), 15782–15790 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. R. Noble-Luginbuhl, R. M. Blanchard, and R. G. Nuzzo, “Surface effects on the dynamics of liquid crystalline thin films confined in nanoscale cavities,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.122(16), 3917–3926 (2000). [CrossRef]
F. Poisson, “Nematic liquid crystal used as an instantaneous holographic medium,” Opt. Commun.6(1), 43–44 (1972). [CrossRef]
Y. Williams, K. Chan, J. H. Park, I. C. Khoo, B. Lewis, and T. E. Mallouk, “Electro-optical and nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor nanorod doped liquid crystals,” Proc. SPIE5936, 593613, 593613-6 (2005). [CrossRef]
V. Boichuk, S. Kucheev, J. Parka, V. Reshetnyak, Y. Reznikov, I. Shiyanovskaya, K. D. Singer, and S. Slussarenko, “Surface-mediated light-controlled Friedericksz transition in a nematic liquid crystal cell,” J. Appl. Phys.90(12), 5963–5967 (2001). [CrossRef]
M. Kaczmarek, A. Dyadyusha, S. Slussarenko, and I. C. Khoo, “The role of surface charge field in two-beam coupling in liquid crystal cells with photoconducting polymer layers,” J. Appl. Phys.96(5), 2616–2623 (2004). [CrossRef]

Anczykowska, A.
Bablumian, A.
Bartkiewicz, S.
Bjorklund, G. C.
Blanchard, R. M.
Blanche, P.-A.
Boichuk, V.
Burland, D. M.
Chan, K.
Christenson, C.
Dyadyusha, A.
Flores, D.
Gu, T.
Hache, F.
Hanemann, T.
Hou, C.
Hsieh, W.-Y.
Jia, Y.
Kaczmarek, M.
Kajzar, F.
Kathaperumal, M.
Khoo, I. C.
Kucheev, S.
Kwon, H. J.
Lee, L. M.
Lewis, B.
Li, G.
Li, H.
Lian, C.
Liang, Y.
Lin, W.
Mallouk, T. E.
Miniewicz, A.
Moerner, W. E.
Moylan, C. R.
Mysliwiec, J.
Noble-Luginbuhl, A. R.
Norwood, R. A.
Nuzzo, R. G.
Ostroverkhov, V.
Ostroverkhova, O.
Park, J. H.
Parka, J.
Pei, Y.
Peyghambarian, N.
Poga, C.
Poisson, F.
Rachwal, B.
Reshetnyak, V.
Reznikov, Y.
Rokutanda, S.
Sahraoui, B.
Schweizer, K. S.
Shiyanovskaya, I.
Siddiqui, O.
Silence, S. M.
Singer, K. D.
Slussarenko, S.
St Hilaire, P.
Stankus, J. J.
Sun, X.
Sznitko, L.
Tay, S.
Thomas, J.
Tunç, A. V.
Twieg, R. J.
Voorakaranam, R.
Wang, P.
Wasielewski, M. R.
Wiederrecht, G. P.
Williams, Y.
Yamamoto, M.
Yao, F.
Yoon, B. A.
Zhang, J.
Zhang, J. W.
Zhao, H.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

X. Sun, Y. Pei, F. Yao, J. Zhang, and C. Hou, “Optical amplification in multilayer photorefractive liquid crystal films,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(20), 201115 (2007). [CrossRef]
S. Bartkiewicz, A. Miniewicz, B. Sahraoui, and F. Kajzar, “Dynamic charge-carrier-mobility-mediated holography in thin layers of photoconducting polymers,” Appl. Phys. Lett.81(20), 3705–3707 (2002). [CrossRef]
L. Sznitko, A. Anczykowska, J. Mysliwiec, and S. Bartkiewicz, “Influence of grating period on kinetic of self-diffraction in nematic liquid crystal panel with photoconducting polymeric layer,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96(11), 111106 (2010). [CrossRef]
J. Zhang and K. D. Singer, “Homogeneous photorefractive polymer/nematogen composite,” Appl. Phys. Lett.72(23), 2948–2950 (1998). [CrossRef]

Chem. Rev.

O. Ostroverkhova and W. E. Moerner, “Organic photorefractives: mechanisms, materials, and applications,” Chem. Rev.104(7), 3267–3314 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

A. R. Noble-Luginbuhl, R. M. Blanchard, and R. G. Nuzzo, “Surface effects on the dynamics of liquid crystalline thin films confined in nanoscale cavities,” J. Am. Chem. Soc.122(16), 3917–3926 (2000). [CrossRef]

J. Appl. Phys.

V. Boichuk, S. Kucheev, J. Parka, V. Reshetnyak, Y. Reznikov, I. Shiyanovskaya, K. D. Singer, and S. Slussarenko, “Surface-mediated light-controlled Friedericksz transition in a nematic liquid crystal cell,” J. Appl. Phys.90(12), 5963–5967 (2001). [CrossRef]
M. Kaczmarek, A. Dyadyusha, S. Slussarenko, and I. C. Khoo, “The role of surface charge field in two-beam coupling in liquid crystal cells with photoconducting polymer layers,” J. Appl. Phys.96(5), 2616–2623 (2004). [CrossRef]
X. Sun, F. Yao, Y. Pei, and J. Zhang, “Light controlled diffraction gratings in C60-doped nematic liquid crystals,” J. Appl. Phys.102(1), 013104 (2007). [CrossRef]

J. Mod. Opt.

I. C. Khoo, “The infrared optical nonlinearities of nematic liquid crystals and novel two-wave mixing processes,” J. Mod. Opt.37(11), 1801–1813 (1990). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

W. E. Moerner, S. M. Silence, F. Hache, and G. C. Bjorklund, “Orientationally enhanced photorefractive effect in polymers,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B11(2), 320–330 (1994). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. Chem. B

L. M. Lee, H. J. Kwon, R. G. Nuzzo, and K. S. Schweizer, “Effects of temperature on the alignment and electrooptical responses of a nematic nanoscale liquid crystalline film,” J. Phys. Chem. B110(32), 15782–15790 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nature

S. Tay, P.-A. Blanche, R. Voorakaranam, A. V. Tunç, W. Lin, S. Rokutanda, T. Gu, D. Flores, P. Wang, G. Li, P. St Hilaire, J. Thomas, R. A. Norwood, M. Yamamoto, and N. Peyghambarian, “An updatable holographic three-dimensional display,” Nature451(7179), 694–698 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P.-A. Blanche, A. Bablumian, R. Voorakaranam, C. Christenson, W. Lin, T. Gu, D. Flores, P. Wang, W.-Y. Hsieh, M. Kathaperumal, B. Rachwal, O. Siddiqui, J. Thomas, R. A. Norwood, M. Yamamoto, and N. Peyghambarian, “Holographic three-dimensional telepresence using large-area photorefractive polymer,” Nature468(7320), 80–83 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Commun.

F. Poisson, “Nematic liquid crystal used as an instantaneous holographic medium,” Opt. Commun.6(1), 43–44 (1972). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

H. Zhao, C. Lian, X. Sun, and J. W. Zhang, “Nanoscale interlayer that raises response rate in photorefractive liquid crystal polymer composites,” Opt. Express19(13), 12496–12502 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

Phys. Rep.

I. C. Khoo, “Nonlinear optics of liquid crystalline materials,” Phys. Rep.471(5-6), 221–267 (2009). [CrossRef]

Proc. SPIE

C. Poga, D. M. Burland, T. Hanemann, Y. Jia, C. R. Moylan, J. J. Stankus, R. J. Twieg, and W. E. Moerner, “Photorefractivity in new organic polymeric materials,” Proc. SPIE2526, 82–93 (1995). [CrossRef]
Y. Williams, K. Chan, J. H. Park, I. C. Khoo, B. Lewis, and T. E. Mallouk, “Electro-optical and nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor nanorod doped liquid crystals,” Proc. SPIE5936, 593613, 593613-6 (2005). [CrossRef]

Science

G. P. Wiederrecht, B. A. Yoon, and M. R. Wasielewski, “High photorefractive gain in nematic liquid crystals doped with electron donor and acceptor molecules,” Science270(5243), 1794–1797 (1995). [CrossRef]

Other

Photorefractive Materialsand Their Applications 2 Materials, P. Günter and J-P. Huignard, eds., (Springer, 2007) pp 1–640.
F. Simoni and L. Lucchetti, “Photorefractive effects in liquid crystals,” in Photorefractive Materials and Their Applications 2, P. Günter and J-P. Huignard, eds. (Springer, 2007), pp. 571–605.

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