Optics InfoBase > Optics Express > Volume 20 > Issue 15 > Page 16639
|
|
Implantation damage effects on the Er3+ luminescence in silicaT. Cesca, C. Maurizio, B. Kalinic, G. Perotto, P. Mazzoldi, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, and G. Mattei »View Author Affiliations
T. Cesca,1
C. Maurizio,1
B. Kalinic,1
G. Perotto,1
P. Mazzoldi,1
E. Trave,2
G. Battaglin,2
and G. Mattei1,*
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Padova, and CNISM, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy 2Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Dorsoduro 2137, I-30123 Venice, Italy *Corresponding author: giovanni.mattei@unipd.it |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 15, pp. 16639-16649 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.016639
View Full Text Article
Enhanced HTML
Acrobat PDF (1303 KB)
Abstract
The possibility to control the room temperature Er3+ photoluminescence efficiency in silica is investigated in terms of the damage produced in Er-doped silica by implantations at different fluences with Xe or Au ions. These implantations are tailored to reproduce the same level of damage in Er-doped silica. The remarkable differences in terms of the photoluminescence intensity between Xe- and Au-irradiated samples allowed to decouple the detrimental effect of the implantation damage on the photoluminescence from the beneficial broad-band energy transfer process provided by molecule-like Au clusters formed upon thermal annealing. The evolution of the implantation damage is followed by photoluminescence and correlated to the local Er-site by x-ray absorption spectroscopy.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(160.5690) Materials : Rare-earth-doped materials
(160.6030) Materials : Silica
(260.2160) Physical optics : Energy transfer
(310.3840) Thin films : Materials and process characterization
ToC Category:
Materials
History
Original Manuscript: April 16, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: May 14, 2012
Published: July 9, 2012
Citation
T. Cesca, C. Maurizio, B. Kalinic, G. Perotto, P. Mazzoldi, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, and G. Mattei, "Implantation damage effects on the Er3+ luminescence in silica," Opt. Express 20, 16639-16649 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-15-16639
Sort: Author | Year | Journal | Reset
References
- W. J. Miniscalco, “Erbium-doped glasses for fiber amplifiers at 1500 nm,” J. Lightwave Technol.9, 234–250 (1991). [CrossRef]
- A. Polman, “Erbium implanted thin film photonic materials,” J. Appl. Phys.82, 1–39 (1997). [CrossRef]
- A. Kenyon, “Recent developments in rare-earth doped materials for optoelectronics,” Prog. Quantum Electron.26, 225–284 (2002). [CrossRef]
- F. Auzel, “Multiphonon-assisted anti-Stokes and Stokes fluorescence of triply ionized rare-earth ions,” Phys. Rev. B13, 2809–2817 (1976). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Absorption and emission spectroscopy in Er3+-Yb3+-doped aluminum oxide waveguides,” Opt. Mater.21, 705–712 (2003). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
- G. Franzò, V. Vinciguerra, and F. Priolo, “The excitation mechanism of rare-earth ions in silicon nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. A69, 3–12 (1999). [CrossRef]
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Silver as a sensitizer for erbium,” Appl. Phys. Lett.81, 1414–1416 (2002). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- M. Eichelbaum and K. Rademann, “Plasmonic enhancement or energy transfer? on the luminescence of gold-, silver-, and lanthanide-doped silicate glasses and its potential for light-emitting devices,” Adv. Funct. Mater.19, 2045–2052 (2009). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Biersak and L. Haggmark, “A Monte Carlo computer program for the transport of energetic ions in amorphous targets,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B174, 257–269 (1980). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. L. Ankudinov, B. Ravel, J. J. Rehr, and S. D. Conradson, “Real-space multiple-scattering calculation and interpretation of x-ray-absorption near-edge structure,” Phys. Rev. B58, 7565–7576 (1998). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Rehr and R. C. Albers, “Theoretical approaches to x-ray absorption fine structure,” Rev. Mod. Phys.72, 621–654 (2000). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- G. W. Arnold and P. Mazzoldi, in “Ion beam modification of insulators,”, P. Mazzoldi and G. W. Arnold, eds. (Elservier, 1987), chap. 5.
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CRC Press, 2005).
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, “Thermodynamic properties of erbium mono-and disilicide at low temperatures,” Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.46, 72–76 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Marcus, D. Jacobson, A. Vredenberg, and G. Lamble, “Concentration and annealing effects on photoluminescence and local structure of Er-implanted silica,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids195, 232–238 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. Wan, Y. Ling, Q. Sun, and X. Wang, “Role of codopant oxygen in erbium-doped silicon,” Phys. Rev. B58, 10415–10420 (1998). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Rehr and R. C. Albers, “Theoretical approaches to x-ray absorption fine structure,” Rev. Mod. Phys.72, 621–654 (2000). [CrossRef]
- A. L. Ankudinov, B. Ravel, J. J. Rehr, and S. D. Conradson, “Real-space multiple-scattering calculation and interpretation of x-ray-absorption near-edge structure,” Phys. Rev. B58, 7565–7576 (1998). [CrossRef]
- G. W. Arnold and P. Mazzoldi, in “Ion beam modification of insulators,”, P. Mazzoldi and G. W. Arnold, eds. (Elservier, 1987), chap. 5.
- F. Auzel, “Multiphonon-assisted anti-Stokes and Stokes fluorescence of triply ionized rare-earth ions,” Phys. Rev. B13, 2809–2817 (1976). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Biersak and L. Haggmark, “A Monte Carlo computer program for the transport of energetic ions in amorphous targets,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B174, 257–269 (1980). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. L. Ankudinov, B. Ravel, J. J. Rehr, and S. D. Conradson, “Real-space multiple-scattering calculation and interpretation of x-ray-absorption near-edge structure,” Phys. Rev. B58, 7565–7576 (1998). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Eichelbaum and K. Rademann, “Plasmonic enhancement or energy transfer? on the luminescence of gold-, silver-, and lanthanide-doped silicate glasses and its potential for light-emitting devices,” Adv. Funct. Mater.19, 2045–2052 (2009). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. Franzò, V. Vinciguerra, and F. Priolo, “The excitation mechanism of rare-earth ions in silicon nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. A69, 3–12 (1999). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, “Thermodynamic properties of erbium mono-and disilicide at low temperatures,” Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.46, 72–76 (2007). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CRC Press, 2005).
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Biersak and L. Haggmark, “A Monte Carlo computer program for the transport of energetic ions in amorphous targets,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B174, 257–269 (1980). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Marcus, D. Jacobson, A. Vredenberg, and G. Lamble, “Concentration and annealing effects on photoluminescence and local structure of Er-implanted silica,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids195, 232–238 (1996). [CrossRef]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
- A. Kenyon, “Recent developments in rare-earth doped materials for optoelectronics,” Prog. Quantum Electron.26, 225–284 (2002). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, “Thermodynamic properties of erbium mono-and disilicide at low temperatures,” Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.46, 72–76 (2007). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CRC Press, 2005).
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. A. Marcus, D. Jacobson, A. Vredenberg, and G. Lamble, “Concentration and annealing effects on photoluminescence and local structure of Er-implanted silica,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids195, 232–238 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. Wan, Y. Ling, Q. Sun, and X. Wang, “Role of codopant oxygen in erbium-doped silicon,” Phys. Rev. B58, 10415–10420 (1998). [CrossRef]
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. A. Marcus, D. Jacobson, A. Vredenberg, and G. Lamble, “Concentration and annealing effects on photoluminescence and local structure of Er-implanted silica,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids195, 232–238 (1996). [CrossRef]
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- G. W. Arnold and P. Mazzoldi, in “Ion beam modification of insulators,”, P. Mazzoldi and G. W. Arnold, eds. (Elservier, 1987), chap. 5.
- W. J. Miniscalco, “Erbium-doped glasses for fiber amplifiers at 1500 nm,” J. Lightwave Technol.9, 234–250 (1991). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, “Thermodynamic properties of erbium mono-and disilicide at low temperatures,” Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.46, 72–76 (2007). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CRC Press, 2005).
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Absorption and emission spectroscopy in Er3+-Yb3+-doped aluminum oxide waveguides,” Opt. Mater.21, 705–712 (2003). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Silver as a sensitizer for erbium,” Appl. Phys. Lett.81, 1414–1416 (2002). [CrossRef]
- A. Polman, “Erbium implanted thin film photonic materials,” J. Appl. Phys.82, 1–39 (1997). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- G. Franzò, V. Vinciguerra, and F. Priolo, “The excitation mechanism of rare-earth ions in silicon nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. A69, 3–12 (1999). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- M. Eichelbaum and K. Rademann, “Plasmonic enhancement or energy transfer? on the luminescence of gold-, silver-, and lanthanide-doped silicate glasses and its potential for light-emitting devices,” Adv. Funct. Mater.19, 2045–2052 (2009). [CrossRef]
- A. L. Ankudinov, B. Ravel, J. J. Rehr, and S. D. Conradson, “Real-space multiple-scattering calculation and interpretation of x-ray-absorption near-edge structure,” Phys. Rev. B58, 7565–7576 (1998). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Rehr and R. C. Albers, “Theoretical approaches to x-ray absorption fine structure,” Rev. Mod. Phys.72, 621–654 (2000). [CrossRef]
- A. L. Ankudinov, B. Ravel, J. J. Rehr, and S. D. Conradson, “Real-space multiple-scattering calculation and interpretation of x-ray-absorption near-edge structure,” Phys. Rev. B58, 7565–7576 (1998). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, “Thermodynamic properties of erbium mono-and disilicide at low temperatures,” Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.46, 72–76 (2007). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CRC Press, 2005).
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Absorption and emission spectroscopy in Er3+-Yb3+-doped aluminum oxide waveguides,” Opt. Mater.21, 705–712 (2003). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Silver as a sensitizer for erbium,” Appl. Phys. Lett.81, 1414–1416 (2002). [CrossRef]
- J. Wan, Y. Ling, Q. Sun, and X. Wang, “Role of codopant oxygen in erbium-doped silicon,” Phys. Rev. B58, 10415–10420 (1998). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- G. Franzò, V. Vinciguerra, and F. Priolo, “The excitation mechanism of rare-earth ions in silicon nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. A69, 3–12 (1999). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. A. Marcus, D. Jacobson, A. Vredenberg, and G. Lamble, “Concentration and annealing effects on photoluminescence and local structure of Er-implanted silica,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids195, 232–238 (1996). [CrossRef]
- J. Wan, Y. Ling, Q. Sun, and X. Wang, “Role of codopant oxygen in erbium-doped silicon,” Phys. Rev. B58, 10415–10420 (1998). [CrossRef]
- J. Wan, Y. Ling, Q. Sun, and X. Wang, “Role of codopant oxygen in erbium-doped silicon,” Phys. Rev. B58, 10415–10420 (1998). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
Adv. Funct. Mater.
- M. Eichelbaum and K. Rademann, “Plasmonic enhancement or energy transfer? on the luminescence of gold-, silver-, and lanthanide-doped silicate glasses and its potential for light-emitting devices,” Adv. Funct. Mater.19, 2045–2052 (2009). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. A
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- G. Franzò, V. Vinciguerra, and F. Priolo, “The excitation mechanism of rare-earth ions in silicon nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. A69, 3–12 (1999). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Silver as a sensitizer for erbium,” Appl. Phys. Lett.81, 1414–1416 (2002). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
J. Appl. Phys.
- A. Polman, “Erbium implanted thin film photonic materials,” J. Appl. Phys.82, 1–39 (1997). [CrossRef]
J. Lightwave Technol.
- W. J. Miniscalco, “Erbium-doped glasses for fiber amplifiers at 1500 nm,” J. Lightwave Technol.9, 234–250 (1991). [CrossRef]
J. Non-Cryst. Solids
- M. A. Marcus, D. Jacobson, A. Vredenberg, and G. Lamble, “Concentration and annealing effects on photoluminescence and local structure of Er-implanted silica,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids195, 232–238 (1996). [CrossRef]
Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
Nanotechnology
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B
- J. Biersak and L. Haggmark, “A Monte Carlo computer program for the transport of energetic ions in amorphous targets,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B174, 257–269 (1980). [CrossRef]
Opt. Mater.
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Absorption and emission spectroscopy in Er3+-Yb3+-doped aluminum oxide waveguides,” Opt. Mater.21, 705–712 (2003). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. B
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- F. Auzel, “Multiphonon-assisted anti-Stokes and Stokes fluorescence of triply ionized rare-earth ions,” Phys. Rev. B13, 2809–2817 (1976). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- J. Wan, Y. Ling, Q. Sun, and X. Wang, “Role of codopant oxygen in erbium-doped silicon,” Phys. Rev. B58, 10415–10420 (1998). [CrossRef]
- A. L. Ankudinov, B. Ravel, J. J. Rehr, and S. D. Conradson, “Real-space multiple-scattering calculation and interpretation of x-ray-absorption near-edge structure,” Phys. Rev. B58, 7565–7576 (1998). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, “Thermodynamic properties of erbium mono-and disilicide at low temperatures,” Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.46, 72–76 (2007). [CrossRef]
Prog. Quantum Electron.
- A. Kenyon, “Recent developments in rare-earth doped materials for optoelectronics,” Prog. Quantum Electron.26, 225–284 (2002). [CrossRef]
Rev. Mod. Phys.
- J. J. Rehr and R. C. Albers, “Theoretical approaches to x-ray absorption fine structure,” Rev. Mod. Phys.72, 621–654 (2000). [CrossRef]
Rev. Sci. Instrum.
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Other
- G. W. Arnold and P. Mazzoldi, in “Ion beam modification of insulators,”, P. Mazzoldi and G. W. Arnold, eds. (Elservier, 1987), chap. 5.
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (CRC Press, 2005).
2010, Oliviero, Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.
- E. Oliviero, M. Ruault, B. Décamps, F. Fotuna, E. Ntsoenzok, O. Kaïtasov, and S. Collin, “Synthesis of mesoporous amorphous silica by Kr and Xe ion implantation: Transmission electron microscopy study of induced nanostructures,” Micropor. Mesopor. Mater.132, 163–173 (2010). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, M. Rovezzi, F. Bardelli, H. G. Pais, and F. D’Acapito, “Setup for optimized grazing incidence x-ray absorption experiments on thin films on substrates,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80, 063904–1–6 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Noé, H. Okuno, J.-B. Jager, E. Delamadeleine, O. Demichel, J.-L. Rouviere, V. Calvo, C. Maurizio, and F. D’Acapito, “The evolution of the fraction of Er ions sensitized by Si nanostructures in silicon-rich silicon oxide thin films,” Nanotechnology20, 355704 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Eichelbaum and K. Rademann, “Plasmonic enhancement or energy transfer? on the luminescence of gold-, silver-, and lanthanide-doped silicate glasses and its potential for light-emitting devices,” Adv. Funct. Mater.19, 2045–2052 (2009). [CrossRef]
- R. Espiau de Lamaestre, H. Béa, H. Bernas, J. Belloni, and J. L. Marignier, “Irradiation-induced Ag nanocluster nucleation in silicate glasses: Analogy with photography,” Phys. Rev. B76, 205431 (2007). [CrossRef]
- N. Gorbachuk, S. Kirienko, V. Sidorko, and I. Obushenko, “Thermodynamic properties of erbium mono-and disilicide at low temperatures,” Powder Metallurgy Metal Ceram.46, 72–76 (2007). [CrossRef]
- M. Mattarelli, M. Montagna, K. Vishnubhatla, A. Chiasera, M. Ferrari, and G. C. Righini, “Mechanisms of Ag to Er energy transfer in silicate glasses: a photoluminescence study,” Phys. Rev. B75, 125102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, F. Iacona, F. D’Acapito, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Er site in Er-implanted Si nanoclusters embedded in SiO2,” Phys. Rev. B74, 205428 (2006). [CrossRef]
- E. Trave, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, G. Pellegrini, and C. Scian, “Sub-nanometric metallic Au clusters as efficient Er3+ sensitizers in silica,” Appl. Phys. Lett89, 151121 (2006). [CrossRef]
- F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, C. Sada, E. Trave, D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, M. Prassas, M. Falconieri, and E. Borsella, “Study of the energy transfer mechanism in different glasses co-doped with Si nanoaggregates and Er3+ ions,” Opt. Mater.27, 904–909 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. Martucci, M. de Nuntis, A. Ribaudo, M. Guglielmi, S. Padovani, F. Enrichi, G. Mattei, P. Mazzoldi, C. Sada, E. Trave, G. Battaglin, F. Gonella, E. Borsella, M. Falconieri, M. Patrini, and J. Fick, “Silver sensitized erbium doped ion exchanged sol gel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. A80, 557–563 (2004). [CrossRef]
- F. d’Acapito, S. Mobilio, A. Terrasi, S. Scalese, G. Franzò, and F. Priolo, “Structure of Er-O complexes in crystalline Si,” Phys. Rev. B69, 153310 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Absorption and emission spectroscopy in Er3+-Yb3+-doped aluminum oxide waveguides,” Opt. Mater.21, 705–712 (2003). [CrossRef]
- D. Pacifici, G. Franzò, F. Priolo, F. Iacona, and L. Dal Negro, “Modeling and perspectives of the Si nanocrystals-Er interaction for optical amplification,” Phys. Rev. B67, 245301 (2003). [CrossRef]
- A. Kenyon, “Recent developments in rare-earth doped materials for optoelectronics,” Prog. Quantum Electron.26, 225–284 (2002). [CrossRef]
- C. Strohhöfer and A. Polman, “Silver as a sensitizer for erbium,” Appl. Phys. Lett.81, 1414–1416 (2002). [CrossRef]
- J. J. Rehr and R. C. Albers, “Theoretical approaches to x-ray absorption fine structure,” Rev. Mod. Phys.72, 621–654 (2000). [CrossRef]
- G. Franzò, V. Vinciguerra, and F. Priolo, “The excitation mechanism of rare-earth ions in silicon nanocrystals,” Appl. Phys. A69, 3–12 (1999). [CrossRef]
- A. L. Ankudinov, B. Ravel, J. J. Rehr, and S. D. Conradson, “Real-space multiple-scattering calculation and interpretation of x-ray-absorption near-edge structure,” Phys. Rev. B58, 7565–7576 (1998). [CrossRef]
- C. Piamonteze, A. C. Iñiguez, L. R. Tessler, M. C. Martins Alves, and H. Tolentino, “Environment of Erbium in a-Si:H and a-SiOx:H,” Phys. Rev. Lett.81, 4652–4655 (1998). [CrossRef]
- J. Wan, Y. Ling, Q. Sun, and X. Wang, “Role of codopant oxygen in erbium-doped silicon,” Phys. Rev. B58, 10415–10420 (1998). [CrossRef]
- A. Terrasi, G. Franzò, S. Coffa, F. Priolo, F. D’Acapito, and S. Mobilio, “Evolution of the local environment around Er upon thermal annealing in Er and O co-implanted Si,” Appl. Phys. Lett.70, 1712–1714 (1997). [CrossRef]
- M. Fuji, M. Yoshida, Y. Kanzawa, S. Hayashi, and K. Yamamoto, “1.54-μm photoluminescence of Er3+ doped into SiO2 films containing Si nanocrystals: evidence for energy transfer from Si nanocrystals to Er3+,” Appl. Phys. Lett.71, 1198–1200 (1997). [CrossRef]
- A. Polman, “Erbium implanted thin film photonic materials,” J. Appl. Phys.82, 1–39 (1997). [CrossRef]
- M. A. Marcus, D. Jacobson, A. Vredenberg, and G. Lamble, “Concentration and annealing effects on photoluminescence and local structure of Er-implanted silica,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids195, 232–238 (1996). [CrossRef]
- H. Haberland, B. von Issendorff, T. Kolar, H. Kornmeier, C. Ludewigt, and A. Risch, “Electronic and geometric structure of Arn+ and Xen+ clusters: The solvation of rare-gas ions by their parent atoms,” Phys. Rev. Lett.67, 3290–3293 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. J. Miniscalco, “Erbium-doped glasses for fiber amplifiers at 1500 nm,” J. Lightwave Technol.9, 234–250 (1991). [CrossRef]
- J. Biersak and L. Haggmark, “A Monte Carlo computer program for the transport of energetic ions in amorphous targets,” Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. B174, 257–269 (1980). [CrossRef]
- F. Auzel, “Multiphonon-assisted anti-Stokes and Stokes fluorescence of triply ionized rare-earth ions,” Phys. Rev. B13, 2809–2817 (1976). [CrossRef]
- C. Maurizio, E. Trave, G. Perotto, V. Bello, D. Pasqualini, P. Mazzoldi, G. Battaglin, T. Cesca, C. Scian, and G. Mattei, “Enhancement of the Er3+ luminescence in Er-doped silica by few-atom metal aggregates,” Phys. Rev. B83, 195430 (2011).
Cited By |
OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.
Related Journal Articles 
- Nondestructive Method for Measuring the Degree of Cluster-Induced Quenching in Er3+-Doped Waveguides and Fibers (AO)
- Intensity-noise suppression by ytterbium codoping in heavily erbium-doped fiber lasers with partly clustered erbium ions (OL)
- Localized pulsed laser interaction with submicronic gold particles embedded in silica: a method for investigating laser damage initiation (OE)
- Athermal silica-based interferometer-type planar light-wave circuits realized by a multicore fabrication method (OL)
- Energy transfer from Tm3+:3H5 to Dy3+:6F11/2 6H9/2 in selenide glasses (JOSAB)
Related Conference Papers 
- Spectroscopic properties of CaBaB03F (CBFB) and Ca4Y(B03)30 (YCOB) crystals with yb3+ and Er3+ ions
- Energy Transfer Analysis between Tb3+ and Yb3+ Codoped in Silicate Glasses under the 0.98 μm Excitation
- Sensitization of MIR Tb3+ luminescence by Tm3+ ions in CsCdBr3 and KPb2Cl5 crystals
- Energy Transfer and Gain Analysis for Tb3+-Yb3+Co-Doped Silicate Glasses under the 0.98 ?m Excitation
- Fluoride Materials for High-Quality IR Coatings
- Firefox 11+
- Google Chrome 17+
- Internet Explorer 9+
- Safari 5+




OSA is a member of 