Athermal silicon waveguides with bridged subwavelength gratings for TE and TM polarizations

doi:10.1364/OE.20.018356

Athermal silicon waveguides with bridged subwavelength gratings for TE and TM polarizations

Marc Ibrahim, Jens H. Schmid, Alireza Aleali, Pavel Cheben, Jean Lapointe, Siegfried Janz, Przemek J. Bock, Adam Densmore, Boris Lamontagne, Rubin Ma, Dan-Xia Xu, and Winnie N. Ye »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 16, pp. 18356-18361 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.018356

View Full Text Article

Enhanced HTML Acrobat PDF (1082 KB)

Journal Search
Article Lookup

Article Tools

Citations

Alert me when this article is cited
Export Citation/Save

Abstract
Article Info
References (17)
Cited By
Figures (6)
Metrics
Related Content

Abstract

In this paper, athermal silicon waveguides using bridged subwavelength grating (BSWG) structures are proposed and investigated. The realization of temperature-independent BSWG waveguides for both polarizations is demonstrated numerically and experimentally. SU-8 polymer is used as the cladding material to compensate for the positive thermo-optic (TO) coefficient (dn/dT) of silicon. We investigate the dependence of the effective TO coefficient of BSWG waveguides on both the bridge width and grating duty cycle. The BSWG waveguides have a width of 490 nm, a height of 260 nm, and a grating pitch of 250 nm. Athermal behavior is achieved for both the transverse-magnetic (TM) and the transverse-electric (TE) polarized light for a variety of bridge width and duty cycle combinations. Furthermore, the BSWGs can be designed to be athermal for both TE and TM polarization simultaneously.

OCIS Codes
(060.4510) Fiber optics and optical communications : Optical communications
(230.0230) Optical devices : Optical devices
(230.7370) Optical devices : Waveguides
(250.5460) Optoelectronics : Polymer waveguides
(050.6624) Diffraction and gratings : Subwavelength structures

ToC Category:
Optical Devices

History
Original Manuscript: April 19, 2012
Revised Manuscript: July 11, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: July 20, 2012
Published: July 26, 2012

Citation
Marc Ibrahim, Jens H. Schmid, Alireza Aleali, Pavel Cheben, Jean Lapointe, Siegfried Janz, Przemek J. Bock, Adam Densmore, Boris Lamontagne, Rubin Ma, Dan-Xia Xu, and Winnie N. Ye, "Athermal silicon waveguides with bridged subwavelength gratings for TE and TM polarizations," Opt. Express 20, 18356-18361 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-16-18356

Sort: Author | Year | Journal | Reset

References

P. J. Bock, P. Cheben, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, A. Delâge, S. Janz, G. C. Aers, D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, and T. J. Hall, “Subwavelength grating periodic structures in silicon-on-insulator: a new type of microphotonic waveguide,” Opt. Express18(19), 20251–20262 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. Cheben, P. J. Bock, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, A. Delâge, B. Lamontagne, and T. J. Hall, “Refractive index engineering with subwavelength gratings implemented in a highly efficient microphotonic coupler and a planar waveguide multiplexers,” Opt. Lett.35, 2526–2528 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. F. R. Mateus, M. C. Y. Huang, L. Chen, C. J. Chang-Hasnain, and Y. Suzuki, “Broad-band mirror (1.12-1.62 um) using a subwavelength grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.16(7), 1676–1678 (2004). [CrossRef]
J. H. Schmid, P. Cheben, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, E. Post, and D.-X. Xu, “Gradient-index antireflective subwavelength structures for planar waveguide facets,” Opt. Lett.32(13), 1794–1796 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. Cheben, D.-X. Xu, S. Janz, and A. Densmore, “Subwavelength waveguide grating for mode conversion and light coupling in integrated optics,” Opt. Express14(11), 4695–4702 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
R. Halir, P. Cheben, J. H. Schmid, R. Ma, D. Bedard, S. Janz, D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, J. Lapointe, and I. Molina-Fernández, “Continuously apodized fiber-to-chip surface grating coupler with refractive index engineered subwavelength structure,” Opt. Lett.35(19), 3243–3245 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
U. Levy, M. Abashin, K. Ikeda, A. Krishnamoorthy, J. Cunningham, and Y. Fainman, “Inhomogenous dielectric metamaterials with space-variant polarizability,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98(24), 243901 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
I. Glesk, P. J. Bock, P. Cheben, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, and S. Janz, “All-optical switching using nonlinear subwavelength Mach-Zehnder on silicon,” Opt. Express19(15), 14031–14039 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Ibrahim, J. H. Schmid, P. Cheben, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, P. J. Bock, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, R. Ma, D.-X. Xu, and W. N. Ye, “Athermal silicon subwavelength grating waveguides,” Proc. SPIE8707, 80071L (2011). [CrossRef]
J. H. Schmid, P. Cheben, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, E. Post, A. Delâge, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, P. Waldron, and D.-X. Xu, “Subwavelength grating structures in silicon-on-insulator waveguides,” Adv. Opt. Technol.2008, 685489 (2008). [CrossRef]
J. H. Schmid, P. J. Bock, P. Cheben, W. Sinclair, J. Garcia, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, G. C. Aers, D. Poitras, Y. Li, G. Lopinski, A. Delâge, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, R. Ma, and D.-X. Xu, “Applications of subwavelength grating structures in silicon-on-insulator waveguides,” Proc. SPIE7606, 76060F (2010). [CrossRef]
W. N. Ye, J. Michel, and L. C. Kimerling, “Athermal high-index-contrast waveguide design,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.20(11), 885–887 (2008). [CrossRef]
J. H. Schmid, M. Ibrahim, P. Cheben, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, P. J. Bock, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, R. Ma, W. N. Ye, and D.-X. Xu, “Temperature-independent silicon subwavelength grating waveguides,” Opt. Lett.36(11), 2110–2112 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
S. G. Johnson, “The MIT Photonic-Bands Manual (MPB)”, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), http://ab-initio.mit.edu/mpb/doc/mpb.pdf
G. Ghosh, “Model for the thermo-optic coefficients of some standard optical glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids189(1-2), 191–196 (1995). [CrossRef]
D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, A. Delâge, P. Waldron, R. McKinnon, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, G. Lopinski, T. Mischki, E. Post, P. Cheben, and J. H. Schmid, “Folded cavity SOI microring sensors for high sensitivity and real time measurement of biomolecular binding,” Opt. Express16(19), 15137–15148 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. H. Schmid, W. Sinclair, J. García, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, D. Poitras, Y. Li, T. Mischki, G. Lopinski, P. Cheben, A. Delâge, A. Densmore, P. Waldron, and D.-X. Xu, “Silicon-on-insulator guided mode resonant grating for evanescent field molecular sensing,” Opt. Express17(20), 18371–18380 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Cited By

Alert me when this paper is cited

OSA is able to provide readers links to articles that cite this paper by participating in CrossRef's Cited-By Linking service. CrossRef includes content from more than 3000 publishers and societies. In addition to listing OSA journal articles that cite this paper, citing articles from other participating publishers will also be listed.

Click here to see a list of articles that cite this paper

Figures


Fig. 1	Fig. 2	Fig. 3


Fig. 4	Fig. 5	Fig. 6

« Previous Article | Next Article »

OSA is a member of CrossRef.

[1] P. J. Bock, P. Cheben, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, A. Delâge, S. Janz, G. C. Aers, D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, and T. J. Hall, “Subwavelength grating periodic structures in silicon-on-insulator: a new type of microphotonic waveguide,” Opt. Express18(19), 20251–20262 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[2] P. Cheben, P. J. Bock, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, A. Delâge, B. Lamontagne, and T. J. Hall, “Refractive index engineering with subwavelength gratings implemented in a highly efficient microphotonic coupler and a planar waveguide multiplexers,” Opt. Lett.35, 2526–2528 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[3] C. F. R. Mateus, M. C. Y. Huang, L. Chen, C. J. Chang-Hasnain, and Y. Suzuki, “Broad-band mirror (1.12-1.62 um) using a subwavelength grating,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.16(7), 1676–1678 (2004). [CrossRef]

[4] J. H. Schmid, P. Cheben, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, E. Post, and D.-X. Xu, “Gradient-index antireflective subwavelength structures for planar waveguide facets,” Opt. Lett.32(13), 1794–1796 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] P. Cheben, D.-X. Xu, S. Janz, and A. Densmore, “Subwavelength waveguide grating for mode conversion and light coupling in integrated optics,” Opt. Express14(11), 4695–4702 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] R. Halir, P. Cheben, J. H. Schmid, R. Ma, D. Bedard, S. Janz, D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, J. Lapointe, and I. Molina-Fernández, “Continuously apodized fiber-to-chip surface grating coupler with refractive index engineered subwavelength structure,” Opt. Lett.35(19), 3243–3245 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] U. Levy, M. Abashin, K. Ikeda, A. Krishnamoorthy, J. Cunningham, and Y. Fainman, “Inhomogenous dielectric metamaterials with space-variant polarizability,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98(24), 243901 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] I. Glesk, P. J. Bock, P. Cheben, J. H. Schmid, J. Lapointe, and S. Janz, “All-optical switching using nonlinear subwavelength Mach-Zehnder on silicon,” Opt. Express19(15), 14031–14039 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] M. Ibrahim, J. H. Schmid, P. Cheben, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, P. J. Bock, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, R. Ma, D.-X. Xu, and W. N. Ye, “Athermal silicon subwavelength grating waveguides,” Proc. SPIE8707, 80071L (2011). [CrossRef]

[10] J. H. Schmid, P. Cheben, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, E. Post, A. Delâge, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, P. Waldron, and D.-X. Xu, “Subwavelength grating structures in silicon-on-insulator waveguides,” Adv. Opt. Technol.2008, 685489 (2008). [CrossRef]

[11] J. H. Schmid, P. J. Bock, P. Cheben, W. Sinclair, J. Garcia, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, G. C. Aers, D. Poitras, Y. Li, G. Lopinski, A. Delâge, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, R. Ma, and D.-X. Xu, “Applications of subwavelength grating structures in silicon-on-insulator waveguides,” Proc. SPIE7606, 76060F (2010). [CrossRef]

[12] W. N. Ye, J. Michel, and L. C. Kimerling, “Athermal high-index-contrast waveguide design,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.20(11), 885–887 (2008). [CrossRef]

[13] J. H. Schmid, M. Ibrahim, P. Cheben, J. Lapointe, S. Janz, P. J. Bock, A. Densmore, B. Lamontagne, R. Ma, W. N. Ye, and D.-X. Xu, “Temperature-independent silicon subwavelength grating waveguides,” Opt. Lett.36(11), 2110–2112 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] S. G. Johnson, “The MIT Photonic-Bands Manual (MPB)”, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), http://ab-initio.mit.edu/mpb/doc/mpb.pdf

[15] G. Ghosh, “Model for the thermo-optic coefficients of some standard optical glasses,” J. Non-Cryst. Solids189(1-2), 191–196 (1995). [CrossRef]

[16] D.-X. Xu, A. Densmore, A. Delâge, P. Waldron, R. McKinnon, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, G. Lopinski, T. Mischki, E. Post, P. Cheben, and J. H. Schmid, “Folded cavity SOI microring sensors for high sensitivity and real time measurement of biomolecular binding,” Opt. Express16(19), 15137–15148 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[17] J. H. Schmid, W. Sinclair, J. García, S. Janz, J. Lapointe, D. Poitras, Y. Li, T. Mischki, G. Lopinski, P. Cheben, A. Delâge, A. Densmore, P. Waldron, and D.-X. Xu, “Silicon-on-insulator guided mode resonant grating for evanescent field molecular sensing,” Opt. Express17(20), 18371–18380 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

OpticsInfoBase

Optics Express

Athermal silicon waveguides with bridged subwavelength gratings for TE and TM polarizations