A new type of Anti Resonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide (ARROW) fiber with a low refractive index contrast is reported. This waveguide is similar to a Bragg fiber for which the high index rings are replaced by discontinuous rings made of circular High Index Inclusions (HII). As compared to conventional Bragg fibers, such a new structure enables true Photonic BandGap (PBG) guidance and limits the number of cladding modes located within the high index regions, thus enhancing the guiding properties. A Mode Field Diameter (MFD) of 26 μm is reported at a wavelength of 1400 nm. Single Mode (SM) behavior is also observed beyond 1400 nm for a 1 m-long fiber.

© 2012 OSA

1. J. M. Fini, “Bend-resistant design of conventional and microstructure fibers with very large mode area,” Opt. Express14, 69–81 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2. K. Saitoh, Y. Tsuchida, L. Rosa, M. Koshiba, F. Poli, A. Cucinotta, S. Selleri, M. Pal, M. Paul, D. Ghosh, and S. Bhadra, “Design of all-solid leakage channel fibers with large mode area and low bending loss,” Opt. Express17, 4913–4919 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
3. S. R. Petersen, T. T. Alkeskjold, F. Poli, E. Coscelli, M. M. Jorgensen, M. Laurila, J. Lægsgaard, and J. Broeng, “Hybrid Ytterbium-doped large-mode-area photonic crystal fiber amplifier for long wavelengths,” Opt. Express20, 6010–6020 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
4. T. Murao, K. Saitoh, and M. Koshiba, “Multiple resonant coupling mechanism for suppression of higher-order modes in all-solid photonic bandgap fibers with heterostructured cladding,” Opt. Express19, 1713–1727 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
5. S. S. Aleshkina, M. E. Likhachev, A. D. Pryamikov, D. A. Gaponov, A. N. Denisov, M. M. Bubnov, M. Y. Salganskii, A. Y. Laptev, A. N. Guryanov, Y. A. Uspenskii, N. L. Popov, and S. Février, “Very-large-mode-area photonic bandgap Bragg fiber polarizing in a wide spectral range,” Opt. Lett.36, 3566–3568 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
6. S. L. Semjonov, O. N. Egorova, A. D. Pryamikov, D. A. Gaponov, A. S. Biriukov, E. M. Dianov, M. Y. Salganskii, V. F. Khopin, and A. N. Guryanov, “Mode structure of large mode area all-solid photonic bandgap fiber,” CLEO, cmhh6 (2009).
7. N. M. Litchinitser, A. K. Abeeluck, C. Headley, and B. J. Eggleton, “Antiresonant reflecting photonic crystal optical waveguides,” Opt. Lett.27, 1592–1594 (2002). [CrossRef]
8. P. Yeh, A. Yariv, and E. Marom, “Theory of Bragg fiber,” J. Opt. Soc. Am.68, 1196–1201 (1978). [CrossRef]
9. K. J. Rowland, S. Afshar V., and T. M. Monro, “Novel low-loss bandgaps in all-silica bragg fibers,” J. Lightwave Technol.26, 43–51 (2008). [CrossRef]
10. F. Gérôme, S. Février, A. D. Pryamikov, J. L. Auguste, R. Jamier, J. M. Blondy, M. E. Likhachev, M. M. Bubnov, S. L. Semjonov, and E. M. Dianov, “Highly dispersive large mode area photonic bandgap fiber,” Opt. Lett.32, 1208–1210 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
11. S. Février, R. Jamier, J. M. Blondy, S. L. Semjonov, M. E. Likhachev, M. M. Bubnov, E. M. Dianov, V. F. Khopin, M. Y. Salganskii, and A. N. Guryanov, “Low loss large mode area Bragg fiber,” ECOC6, 41–42 (2005).
12. C. Baskiotis, Y. Jaoun, R. Gabet, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, M. Douay, and P. Sillard, “Microbending behavior of large-effective-area Bragg fibers,” Opt. Lett.34, 3490–3492 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
13. J. D. Joannopoulos, S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, 2nd ed. (Princeton Univ. Press, 2008).
14. K. Otsuka, “Self-induced phase turbulence and chaotic itinerancy in coupled laser systems,” Phys. Rev. Lett.65, 329–332 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
15. A. Argyros, I. M. Bassett, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, and M. C. J. Large, “Analysis of ring-structured Bragg fibres for single TE mode guidance,” Opt. Express12, 2688–2698 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
16. G. Bouwmans, L. Bigot, Y. Quiquempois, F. Lopez, L. Provino, and M. Douay, “Fabrication and characterization of an all-solid 2D photonic bandgap fiber with a low-loss region (¡ 20 dB/km) around 1550 nm,” Opt. Express13, 8452–8459 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
17. Y. Ould Agha, F. Zolla, A. Nicollet, and S. Guenneau, “On the use of PML for the computation of leaky modes,” Compel27, 95–109 (2008).
18. A. Bétourne, V. Pureur, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, L. Bigot, M. Perrin, and M. Douay, “Solid photonic bandgap fiber assisted by an extra air-clad structure for low-loss operation around 1.5 μm,” Opt. Express15, 316–324 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
19. S. Ghosh, S. Dasgupta, R. K. Varshney, D. J. Richardson, and B. P. Pal, “Design of a Bragg fiber with large mode area for mid-infrared applications,” Opt. Express19, 21295–21304 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
20. E. Marcatili and R. Schmeltzer, “Hollow metallic and Dielectric Waveguides for long distance optical transmission and lasers,” Bell Syst. Tech. J.43, 1783–1809 (1964).
21. J. L. Archambault, R. Black, S. Lacroix, and J. Bures, “Loss calculations for antiresonant waveguides,” J. Light-wave Technol.11, 416–423 (1993). [CrossRef]
22. L. Bigot, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, A Le Rouge, V. Pureur, O. Vanvincq, and M. Douay, “Efficient fiber Bragg gratings in 2D all-solid photonic bandgap fiber,” Opt. Express17, 10105–10112 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
23. F. Benabid, P. J. Roberts, F. Couny, and P. S. Light, “Light and gas confinement in hollow-core photonic crystal fibre based photonic microcells,” J. Eur. Opt. Soc.4, 09004–09009 (2009). [CrossRef]
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25. J. Jasapara, T. H. Her, R. Bise, R. Windeler, and D. J. DiGiovanni, “Group-velocity dispersion measurements in a photonic bandgap fiber,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B20, 1611–1615 (2003). [CrossRef]
26. V. Pureur, L. Bigot, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, M. Douay, and Y. Jaouen, “Ytterbium-doped solid core photonic bandgap fiber for laser operation around 980 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 061113–061115 (2008). [CrossRef]
27. R. Goto, I. Fsaifes, A. Baz, L. Bigot, K. Takenaga, S. Matsuo S, and S. D. Jackson, “UV-induced Bragg grating inscription into single-polarization all-solid hybrid microstructured optical fiber,” Opt. Express19, 13525–13530 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

• V. Pureur, L. Bigot, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, M. Douay, and Y. Jaouen, “Ytterbium-doped solid core photonic bandgap fiber for laser operation around 980 nm,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 061113–061115 (2008). [CrossRef]

Bell Syst. Tech. J.

• E. Marcatili and R. Schmeltzer, “Hollow metallic and Dielectric Waveguides for long distance optical transmission and lasers,” Bell Syst. Tech. J.43, 1783–1809 (1964).

Compel

• Y. Ould Agha, F. Zolla, A. Nicollet, and S. Guenneau, “On the use of PML for the computation of leaky modes,” Compel27, 95–109 (2008).

ECOC

• S. Février, R. Jamier, J. M. Blondy, S. L. Semjonov, M. E. Likhachev, M. M. Bubnov, E. M. Dianov, V. F. Khopin, M. Y. Salganskii, and A. N. Guryanov, “Low loss large mode area Bragg fiber,” ECOC6, 41–42 (2005).

J. Eur. Opt. Soc.

• F. Benabid, P. J. Roberts, F. Couny, and P. S. Light, “Light and gas confinement in hollow-core photonic crystal fibre based photonic microcells,” J. Eur. Opt. Soc.4, 09004–09009 (2009). [CrossRef]

J. Light-wave Technol.

• J. L. Archambault, R. Black, S. Lacroix, and J. Bures, “Loss calculations for antiresonant waveguides,” J. Light-wave Technol.11, 416–423 (1993). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

• K. J. Rowland, S. Afshar V., and T. M. Monro, “Novel low-loss bandgaps in all-silica bragg fibers,” J. Lightwave Technol.26, 43–51 (2008). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am.

• P. Yeh, A. Yariv, and E. Marom, “Theory of Bragg fiber,” J. Opt. Soc. Am.68, 1196–1201 (1978). [CrossRef]

J. Opt. Soc. Am. B

• J. Jasapara, T. H. Her, R. Bise, R. Windeler, and D. J. DiGiovanni, “Group-velocity dispersion measurements in a photonic bandgap fiber,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B20, 1611–1615 (2003). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

• T. A. Birks, D. M. Bird, T. D. Hedley, J. M. Pottage, and P. St. J. Russell, “Scaling laws and vector effects in bandgap- guiding fibres,” Opt. Express12, 69–74 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• R. Goto, I. Fsaifes, A. Baz, L. Bigot, K. Takenaga, S. Matsuo S, and S. D. Jackson, “UV-induced Bragg grating inscription into single-polarization all-solid hybrid microstructured optical fiber,” Opt. Express19, 13525–13530 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• J. M. Fini, “Bend-resistant design of conventional and microstructure fibers with very large mode area,” Opt. Express14, 69–81 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• K. Saitoh, Y. Tsuchida, L. Rosa, M. Koshiba, F. Poli, A. Cucinotta, S. Selleri, M. Pal, M. Paul, D. Ghosh, and S. Bhadra, “Design of all-solid leakage channel fibers with large mode area and low bending loss,” Opt. Express17, 4913–4919 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• S. R. Petersen, T. T. Alkeskjold, F. Poli, E. Coscelli, M. M. Jorgensen, M. Laurila, J. Lægsgaard, and J. Broeng, “Hybrid Ytterbium-doped large-mode-area photonic crystal fiber amplifier for long wavelengths,” Opt. Express20, 6010–6020 (2012). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• T. Murao, K. Saitoh, and M. Koshiba, “Multiple resonant coupling mechanism for suppression of higher-order modes in all-solid photonic bandgap fibers with heterostructured cladding,” Opt. Express19, 1713–1727 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• L. Bigot, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, A Le Rouge, V. Pureur, O. Vanvincq, and M. Douay, “Efficient fiber Bragg gratings in 2D all-solid photonic bandgap fiber,” Opt. Express17, 10105–10112 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. Bétourne, V. Pureur, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, L. Bigot, M. Perrin, and M. Douay, “Solid photonic bandgap fiber assisted by an extra air-clad structure for low-loss operation around 1.5 μm,” Opt. Express15, 316–324 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• S. Ghosh, S. Dasgupta, R. K. Varshney, D. J. Richardson, and B. P. Pal, “Design of a Bragg fiber with large mode area for mid-infrared applications,” Opt. Express19, 21295–21304 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• A. Argyros, I. M. Bassett, M. A. van Eijkelenborg, and M. C. J. Large, “Analysis of ring-structured Bragg fibres for single TE mode guidance,” Opt. Express12, 2688–2698 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• G. Bouwmans, L. Bigot, Y. Quiquempois, F. Lopez, L. Provino, and M. Douay, “Fabrication and characterization of an all-solid 2D photonic bandgap fiber with a low-loss region (¡ 20 dB/km) around 1550 nm,” Opt. Express13, 8452–8459 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

• C. Baskiotis, Y. Jaoun, R. Gabet, G. Bouwmans, Y. Quiquempois, M. Douay, and P. Sillard, “Microbending behavior of large-effective-area Bragg fibers,” Opt. Lett.34, 3490–3492 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• S. S. Aleshkina, M. E. Likhachev, A. D. Pryamikov, D. A. Gaponov, A. N. Denisov, M. M. Bubnov, M. Y. Salganskii, A. Y. Laptev, A. N. Guryanov, Y. A. Uspenskii, N. L. Popov, and S. Février, “Very-large-mode-area photonic bandgap Bragg fiber polarizing in a wide spectral range,” Opt. Lett.36, 3566–3568 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
• N. M. Litchinitser, A. K. Abeeluck, C. Headley, and B. J. Eggleton, “Antiresonant reflecting photonic crystal optical waveguides,” Opt. Lett.27, 1592–1594 (2002). [CrossRef]
• F. Gérôme, S. Février, A. D. Pryamikov, J. L. Auguste, R. Jamier, J. M. Blondy, M. E. Likhachev, M. M. Bubnov, S. L. Semjonov, and E. M. Dianov, “Highly dispersive large mode area photonic bandgap fiber,” Opt. Lett.32, 1208–1210 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

• K. Otsuka, “Self-induced phase turbulence and chaotic itinerancy in coupled laser systems,” Phys. Rev. Lett.65, 329–332 (1990). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

• S. L. Semjonov, O. N. Egorova, A. D. Pryamikov, D. A. Gaponov, A. S. Biriukov, E. M. Dianov, M. Y. Salganskii, V. F. Khopin, and A. N. Guryanov, “Mode structure of large mode area all-solid photonic bandgap fiber,” CLEO, cmhh6 (2009).
• J. D. Joannopoulos, S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, 2nd ed. (Princeton Univ. Press, 2008).

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