3D Nanopillar optical antenna photodetectors

doi:10.1364/OE.20.025489

3D Nanopillar optical antenna photodetectors

Pradeep Senanayake, Chung-Hong Hung, Joshua Shapiro, Adam Scofield, Andrew Lin, Benjamin S. Williams, and Diana L. Huffaker »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 23, pp. 25489-25496 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.025489

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Abstract

We demonstrate 3D surface plasmon photoresponse in nanopillar arrays resulting in enhanced responsivity due to both Localized Surface Plasmon Resonances (LSPRs) and Surface Plasmon Polariton Bloch Waves (SPP-BWs). The LSPRs are excited due to a partial gold shell coating the nanopillar which acts as a 3D Nanopillar Optical Antenna (NOA) in focusing light into the nanopillar. Angular photoresponse measurements show that SPP-BWs can be spectrally coincident with LSPRs to result in a x2 enhancement in responsivity at 1180 nm. Full-wave Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations substantiate both the spatial and spectral coupling of the SPP-BW / LSPR for enhanced absorption and the nature of the LSPR. Geometrical control of the 3D NOA and the self-aligned metal hole lattice allows the hybridization of both localized and propagating surface plasmon modes for enhanced absorption. Hybridized plasmonic modes opens up new avenues in optical antenna design in nanoscale photodetectors.

OCIS Codes
(230.5160) Optical devices : Photodetectors
(240.6680) Optics at surfaces : Surface plasmons

ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces

History
Original Manuscript: August 10, 2012
Revised Manuscript: September 23, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: September 25, 2012
Published: October 25, 2012

Citation
Pradeep Senanayake, Chung-Hong Hung, Joshua Shapiro, Adam Scofield, Andrew Lin, Benjamin S. Williams, and Diana L. Huffaker, "3D Nanopillar optical antenna photodetectors," Opt. Express 20, 25489-25496 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-23-25489

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References

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Afshinmanesh, F.
Akbari, A.
Ang, K.-W.
Aspnes, D. E.
Baba, T.
Bakkers, E. P. A. M.
Bardou, N.
Beck, F. J.
Berini, P.
Bouchon, P.
Brongersma, M. L.
Brueck, S. R. J.
Bulgarini, G.
Cao, L.
Catchpole, K. R.
Chettiar, U. K.
Clemens, B.
Clemens, B. M.
Dagher, G.
de Waele, R.
Dupuis, C.
Ebbesen, T. W.
Engheta, N.
Fan, P.
Ferlazzo, L.
Fujikata, J.
Gao, H.
Ghaemi, H. F.
Ghenuche, P.
Ghong, T. H.
Grupp, D. E.
Haidar, R.
Hocevar, M.
Huffaker, D. L.
Hung, C.-H.
Ishi, T.
Kim, S. J.
Kim, T. J.
Kim, Y. D.
Kocabas, S. E.
Koo, B. H.
Kouwenhoven, L. P.
Krishna, S.
Kwong, D.-L.
Lakhani, A.
Latif, S.
Lee, S. C.
Lezec, H. J.
Liang, B.
Lin, A.
Lo, G.-Q.
Ly-Gagnon, D. S.
Makita, K.
Miller, D. A. B.
Mokkapati, S.
Mori, T.
Odom, T. W.
Ohashi, K.
Okyay, A. K.
Painter, O.
Pardo, F.
Park, J.-S.
Pelouard, J.-L.
Polman, A.
Portier, B.
Reimer, M. E.
Ren, F.-F.
Rosenberg, J.
Saraswat, K. C.
Schuller, J. A.
Senanayake, P.
Shapiro, J.
Shenoi, R. V.
Tait, R. N.
Tang, L.
Thio, T.
White, J. S.
Williams, B. S.
Wu, M. C.
Yao, T.
Ye, J.
Yu, K.
Yu, M.
Zhou, W.
Zwiller, V.

Adv. Funct. Mater.

H. Gao, W. Zhou, and T. W. Odom, “Plasmonic Crystals: A Platform to Catalog Resonances from Ultraviolet to Near-Infrared Wavelengths in a Plasmonic Library,” Adv. Funct. Mater.20(4), 529–539 (2010). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

K. R. Catchpole and A. Polman, “Design principles for particle plasmon enhanced solar cells,” Appl. Phys. Lett.93(19), 191113 (2008). [CrossRef]
P. Bouchon, F. Pardo, B. Portier, L. Ferlazzo, P. Ghenuche, G. Dagher, C. Dupuis, N. Bardou, R. Haidar, and J.-L. Pelouard, “Total funneling of light in high aspect ratio plasmonic nanoresonators,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98(19), 191109 (2011). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. D Appl. Phys.

S. Mokkapati, F. J. Beck, R. de Waele, A. Polman, and K. R. Catchpole, “Resonant nano-antennas for light trapping in plasmonic solar cells,” J. Phys. D Appl. Phys.44(18), 185101 (2011). [CrossRef]

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 2

T. Ishi, J. Fujikata, K. Makita, T. Baba, and K. Ohashi, “Si nano-photodiode with a surface plasmon antenna,” Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. Part 244, L364–L366 (2005).

Nano Lett.

F.-F. Ren, K.-W. Ang, J. Ye, M. Yu, G.-Q. Lo, and D.-L. Kwong, “Split Bull’s Eye Shaped Aluminum Antenna for Plasmon-Enhanced Nanometer Scale Germanium Photodetector,” Nano Lett.11(3), 1289–1293 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
L. Cao, J.-S. Park, P. Fan, B. Clemens, and M. L. Brongersma, “Resonant Germanium Nanoantenna Photodetectors,” Nano Lett.10(4), 1229–1233 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
P. Senanayake, C.-H. Hung, J. Shapiro, A. Lin, B. Liang, B. S. Williams, and D. L. Huffaker, “Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Nanopillar Photodetectors,” Nano Lett.11(12), 5279–5283 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nat. Mater.

L. Cao, J. S. White, J.-S. Park, J. A. Schuller, B. M. Clemens, and M. L. Brongersma, “Engineering light absorption in semiconductor nanowire devices,” Nat. Mater.8(8), 643–647 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nat. Photonics

G. Bulgarini, M. E. Reimer, M. Hocevar, E. P. A. M. Bakkers, L. P. Kouwenhoven, and V. Zwiller, “Avalanche amplification of a single exciton in a semiconductor nanowire,” Nat. Photonics6(7), 455–458 (2012). [CrossRef]
P. Fan, U. K. Chettiar, L. Cao, F. Afshinmanesh, N. Engheta, and M. L. Brongersma, “An invisible metal-semiconductor photodetector,” Nat. Photonics6(6), 380–385 (2012). [CrossRef]
L. Tang, S. E. Kocabas, S. Latif, A. K. Okyay, D. S. Ly-Gagnon, K. C. Saraswat, and D. A. B. Miller, “Nanometre-scale germanium photodetector enhanced by a near-infrared dipole antenna,” Nat. Photonics2(4), 226–229 (2008). [CrossRef]

Opt. Express

Phys. Rev. B

H. F. Ghaemi, T. Thio, D. E. Grupp, T. W. Ebbesen, and H. J. Lezec, “Surface plasmons enhance optical transmission through subwavelength holes,” Phys. Rev. B58(11), 6779–6782 (1998). [CrossRef]
T. J. Kim, T. H. Ghong, Y. D. Kim, S. J. Kim, D. E. Aspnes, T. Mori, T. Yao, and B. H. Koo, “Dielectric functions of InxGa1-xAs alloys,” Phys. Rev. B68(11), 115323 (2003). [CrossRef]

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