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Continuous wave channel waveguide lasers in Nd:LuVO4 fabricated by direct femtosecond laser writingYingying Ren, Ningning Dong, John Macdonald, Feng Chen, Huaijin Zhang, and Ajoy K. Kar »View Author Affiliations
Yingying Ren,1,3
Ningning Dong,1
John Macdonald,3
Feng Chen,1,*
Huaijin Zhang,2
and Ajoy K. Kar3,4
1School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials and Key Laboratory of Particle Physics and Particle Irradiation (MOE), Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China 2State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China 3School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland, UK 4A.K.Kar@hw.ac.uk *Corresponding author: drfchen@sdu.edu.cn |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 3, pp. 1969-1974 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.001969
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Abstract
Buried channel waveguides in Nd:LuVO4 were fabricated by femtosecond laser writing with the double-line technique. The photoluminescence properties of the bulk materials were found to be well preserved within the waveguide core region. Continuous-wave laser oscillation at 1066.4 nm was observed from the waveguide under ~809 nm optical excitation, with the absorbed pump power at threshold and laser slope efficiency of 98 mW and 14%, respectively.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(140.3380) Lasers and laser optics : Laser materials
(230.7380) Optical devices : Waveguides, channeled
(350.3390) Other areas of optics : Laser materials processing
ToC Category:
Lasers and Laser Optics
History
Original Manuscript: November 28, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 8, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: January 9, 2012
Published: January 13, 2012
Citation
Yingying Ren, Ningning Dong, John Macdonald, Feng Chen, Huaijin Zhang, and Ajoy K. Kar, "Continuous wave channel waveguide lasers in Nd:LuVO4 fabricated by direct femtosecond laser writing," Opt. Express 20, 1969-1974 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-3-1969
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References
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- Y. Tan, A. Rodenas, F. Chen, R. R. Thomson, A. K. Kar, D. Jaque, and Q. Lu, “70% slope efficiency from an ultrafast laser-written Nd:GdVO4 channel waveguide laser,” Opt. Express18(24), 24994–24999 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Tan, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, G. A. Torchia, A. Benayas, and D. Jaque, “Continuous wave laser generation at 1064 nm in femtosecond laser inscribed Nd:YVO4 channel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(3), 031119 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- N. D. Psaila, R. R. Thomson, H. T. Bookey, A. K. Kar, N. Chiodo, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, A. Jha, and S. Shen, “Er:Yb-doped oxyfluoride silicate glass waveguide amplifier fabricated using femtosecond laser inscription,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(13), 131102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. Czeranowsky, M. Schmidt, E. Heumann, G. Huber, S. Kutovoi, and Y. Zavartsev, “Continuous wave diode umped intracavity doubled Nd:GdVO4 laser with 840 mW output power at 456 nm,” Opt. Commun.205, 361–365 (2002).
- D. J. Little, M. Ams, P. Dekker, G. D. Marshall, J. M. Dawes, and M. J. Withford, “Femtosecond laser modification of fused silica: the effect of writing polarization on Si-O ring structure,” Opt. Express16(24), 20029–20037 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Ogilvy, M. Withford, P. Dekker, and J. A. Piper, “Efficient diode double-end-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser operating at 1342nm,” Opt. Express11(19), 2411–2415 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. S. Lomheim and L. G. DeShazer, “Optical-absorption intensities of trivalent neodymium in the uniaxial crystal yttrium orthovanadate,” J. Appl. Phys.49(11), 5517–5522 (1978). [CrossRef]
- N. Dong, Y. Yao, F. Chen, and J. R. Vazquez de Aldana, “Channel waveguides preserving luminescence features in Nd3+:Y2O3 ceramics produced by ultrafast laser inscription,” Phys. Status Solidi5, 184–186 (2011).
- H. X. Li, J. Y. Wang, H. J. Zhang, G. W. Yua, X. X. Wang, L. Fang, M. R. Shen, Z. Y. Ning, Q. W. Tang, S. L. Li, X. L. Wang, and K. M. Wang, “Structural and optical properties of Nd:LuVO4 waveguides grown on sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition,” J. Cryst. Growth277(1-4), 269–273 (2005). [CrossRef]
- C. Grivas, “Optically pumped planar waveguide lasers, Part I: Fundamentals and fabrication techniques,” Prog. Quantum Electron.35(6), 159–239 (2011). [CrossRef]
- T. Calmano, J. Siebenmorgen, O. Hellmig, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Nd:YAG waveguide laser with 1.3 W output power, fabricated by direct femtosecond laser writing,” Appl. Phys. B100(1), 131–135 (2010). [CrossRef]
- C. Czeranowsky, M. Schmidt, E. Heumann, G. Huber, S. Kutovoi, and Y. Zavartsev, “Continuous wave diode umped intracavity doubled Nd:GdVO4 laser with 840 mW output power at 456 nm,” Opt. Commun.205, 361–365 (2002).
- S. R. Zhao, H. J. Zhang, J. Y. Wang, H. K. Kong, X. F. Cheng, J. H. Liu, J. Li, Y. T. Lin, X. B. Hu, X. G. Xu, X. Q. Wang, Z. S. Shao, and M. H. Jiang, “Growth and characterization of the new laser crystal Nd:LuVO4,” Opt. Mater.26(3), 319–325 (2004). [CrossRef]
- T. Calmano, J. Siebenmorgen, O. Hellmig, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Nd:YAG waveguide laser with 1.3 W output power, fabricated by direct femtosecond laser writing,” Appl. Phys. B100(1), 131–135 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Siebenmorgen, K. Petermann, G. Huber, K. Rademaker, S. Nolte, and A. Tünnermann, “Femtosecond laser written stress-induced Nd:Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) channel waveguide laser,” Appl. Phys. B97(2), 251–255 (2009). [CrossRef]
- C. Czeranowsky, M. Schmidt, E. Heumann, G. Huber, S. Kutovoi, and Y. Zavartsev, “Continuous wave diode umped intracavity doubled Nd:GdVO4 laser with 840 mW output power at 456 nm,” Opt. Commun.205, 361–365 (2002).
- T. Jensen, V. G. Ostroumov, J.-P. Meyn, G. Huber, A. I. Zagumennyi, and I. A. Shcherbakov, “Spectroscopic Characterization and Laser Performance of Diode-Laser-Pumped Nd:GdVO4,” Appl. Phys. B58(5), 373–379 (1994). [CrossRef]
- W. Watanabe, S. Sowa, and K. Itoh, “Waveguide writing in bulk PMMA by femtosecond laser pulses,” Proc. SPIE6108, 61080R, 61080R-6 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Benayas, W. F. Silva, A. Ródenas, C. Jacinto, J. Vázquez de Aldana, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. R. Thomsom, N. D. Psaila, D. T. Reid, G. A. Torchia, A. K. Kar, and D. Jaque, “Ultrafast laser writing of optical waveguides in ceramic Yb:YAG: a study of thermal and non-thermal regimes,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.104(1), 301–309 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. Benayas, W. F. Silva, A. Ródenas, C. Jacinto, J. Vázquez de Aldana, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. R. Thomsom, N. D. Psaila, D. T. Reid, G. A. Torchia, A. K. Kar, and D. Jaque, “Ultrafast laser writing of optical waveguides in ceramic Yb:YAG: a study of thermal and non-thermal regimes,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.104(1), 301–309 (2011). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tan, Y. Jia, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, and D. Jaque, “Simultaneous dual-wavelength lasers at 1064 and 1342 nm in femtosecond-laser-written Nd:YVO4 channel waveguides,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B28(7), 1607–1610 (2011). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tan, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, G. A. Torchia, A. Benayas, and D. Jaque, “Continuous wave laser generation at 1064 nm in femtosecond laser inscribed Nd:YVO4 channel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(3), 031119 (2010). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tan, A. Rodenas, F. Chen, R. R. Thomson, A. K. Kar, D. Jaque, and Q. Lu, “70% slope efficiency from an ultrafast laser-written Nd:GdVO4 channel waveguide laser,” Opt. Express18(24), 24994–24999 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Ródenas, G. A. Torchia, G. Lifante, E. Cantelar, J. Lamela, F. Jaque, L. Roso, and D. Jaque, “Refractive index change mechanisms in femtosecond laser written ceramic Nd:YAG waveguides: micro-spectroscopy experiments and beam propagation calculations,” Appl. Phys. B95(1), 85–96 (2009). [CrossRef]
- G. A. Torchia, A. Rodenas, A. Benayas, E. Cantelar, L. Roso, and D. Jaque, “Highly efficient laser action in femtosecond-written Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(11), 111103 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. Ródenas, G. A. Torchia, G. Lifante, E. Cantelar, J. Lamela, F. Jaque, L. Roso, and D. Jaque, “Refractive index change mechanisms in femtosecond laser written ceramic Nd:YAG waveguides: micro-spectroscopy experiments and beam propagation calculations,” Appl. Phys. B95(1), 85–96 (2009). [CrossRef]
- T. Jensen, V. G. Ostroumov, J.-P. Meyn, G. Huber, A. I. Zagumennyi, and I. A. Shcherbakov, “Spectroscopic Characterization and Laser Performance of Diode-Laser-Pumped Nd:GdVO4,” Appl. Phys. B58(5), 373–379 (1994). [CrossRef]
- N. D. Psaila, R. R. Thomson, H. T. Bookey, A. K. Kar, N. Chiodo, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, A. Jha, and S. Shen, “Er:Yb-doped oxyfluoride silicate glass waveguide amplifier fabricated using femtosecond laser inscription,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(13), 131102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- C. L. Jia, X. L. Wang, K. M. Wang, and H. J. Zhang, “Characterization of optical waveguide in Nd:LuVO4 crystals by triple-energy oxygen ion implantation,” Physica B403(4), 679–683 (2008). [CrossRef]
- B. Liu, Y. L. Li, and H. L. Jiang, “Nd:LuVO4 as a true three-level laser,” Laser Phys. Lett.8(8), 575–578 (2011). [CrossRef]
- S. R. Zhao, H. J. Zhang, J. Y. Wang, H. K. Kong, X. F. Cheng, J. H. Liu, J. Li, Y. T. Lin, X. B. Hu, X. G. Xu, X. Q. Wang, Z. S. Shao, and M. H. Jiang, “Growth and characterization of the new laser crystal Nd:LuVO4,” Opt. Mater.26(3), 319–325 (2004). [CrossRef]
- X. Yu, C. L. Li, G. C. Sun, B. Z. Li, X. Y. Chen, M. Zhao, J. B. Wang, X. H. Zhang, and G. Y. Jin, “Continuous-Wave Dual-Wavelength Operation of a Diode-End-Pumped Nd:LuVO4 Laser,” Laser Phys.21(6), 1039–1041 (2011). [CrossRef]
- S. Juodkazis, V. Mizeikis, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional microfabrication of materials by femtosecond lasers for photonics applications,” J. Appl. Phys.106(5), 051101 (2009). [CrossRef]
- A. Benayas, W. F. Silva, A. Ródenas, C. Jacinto, J. Vázquez de Aldana, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. R. Thomsom, N. D. Psaila, D. T. Reid, G. A. Torchia, A. K. Kar, and D. Jaque, “Ultrafast laser writing of optical waveguides in ceramic Yb:YAG: a study of thermal and non-thermal regimes,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.104(1), 301–309 (2011). [CrossRef]
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- N. Dong, Y. Yao, F. Chen, and J. R. Vazquez de Aldana, “Channel waveguides preserving luminescence features in Nd3+:Y2O3 ceramics produced by ultrafast laser inscription,” Phys. Status Solidi5, 184–186 (2011).
- X. Yu, C. L. Li, G. C. Sun, B. Z. Li, X. Y. Chen, M. Zhao, J. B. Wang, X. H. Zhang, and G. Y. Jin, “Continuous-Wave Dual-Wavelength Operation of a Diode-End-Pumped Nd:LuVO4 Laser,” Laser Phys.21(6), 1039–1041 (2011). [CrossRef]
- H. X. Li, J. Y. Wang, H. J. Zhang, G. W. Yua, X. X. Wang, L. Fang, M. R. Shen, Z. Y. Ning, Q. W. Tang, S. L. Li, X. L. Wang, and K. M. Wang, “Structural and optical properties of Nd:LuVO4 waveguides grown on sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition,” J. Cryst. Growth277(1-4), 269–273 (2005). [CrossRef]
- T. Jensen, V. G. Ostroumov, J.-P. Meyn, G. Huber, A. I. Zagumennyi, and I. A. Shcherbakov, “Spectroscopic Characterization and Laser Performance of Diode-Laser-Pumped Nd:GdVO4,” Appl. Phys. B58(5), 373–379 (1994). [CrossRef]
- C. Czeranowsky, M. Schmidt, E. Heumann, G. Huber, S. Kutovoi, and Y. Zavartsev, “Continuous wave diode umped intracavity doubled Nd:GdVO4 laser with 840 mW output power at 456 nm,” Opt. Commun.205, 361–365 (2002).
- C. Zhang, N. N. Dong, J. Yang, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, and Q. M. Lu, “Channel waveguide lasers in Nd:GGG crystals fabricated by femtosecond laser inscription,” Opt. Express19(13), 12503–12508 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z. Y. Wei, C. Zhang, Y. B. Long, Z. G. Zhang, H. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Diode-pumped continuous-wave Nd:LuVO4 laser operating at 916 nm,” Opt. Lett.31(10), 1435–1437 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z. Y. Wei, C. Zhang, Y. B. Long, Z. G. Zhang, H. Zhang, and J. Wang, “Diode-pumped continuous-wave Nd:LuVO4 laser operating at 916 nm,” Opt. Lett.31(10), 1435–1437 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Zhang, J. Liu, J. Wang, C. Wang, L. Zhu, Z. Shao, X. Meng, X. Hu, M. Jiang, and Y. T. Chow, “Characterization of the laser crystal Nd:GdVO4,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B19(1), 18–27 (2002). [CrossRef]
- C. L. Jia, X. L. Wang, K. M. Wang, and H. J. Zhang, “Characterization of optical waveguide in Nd:LuVO4 crystals by triple-energy oxygen ion implantation,” Physica B403(4), 679–683 (2008). [CrossRef]
- H. X. Li, J. Y. Wang, H. J. Zhang, G. W. Yua, X. X. Wang, L. Fang, M. R. Shen, Z. Y. Ning, Q. W. Tang, S. L. Li, X. L. Wang, and K. M. Wang, “Structural and optical properties of Nd:LuVO4 waveguides grown on sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition,” J. Cryst. Growth277(1-4), 269–273 (2005). [CrossRef]
- S. R. Zhao, H. J. Zhang, J. Y. Wang, H. K. Kong, X. F. Cheng, J. H. Liu, J. Li, Y. T. Lin, X. B. Hu, X. G. Xu, X. Q. Wang, Z. S. Shao, and M. H. Jiang, “Growth and characterization of the new laser crystal Nd:LuVO4,” Opt. Mater.26(3), 319–325 (2004). [CrossRef]
- X. Yu, C. L. Li, G. C. Sun, B. Z. Li, X. Y. Chen, M. Zhao, J. B. Wang, X. H. Zhang, and G. Y. Jin, “Continuous-Wave Dual-Wavelength Operation of a Diode-End-Pumped Nd:LuVO4 Laser,” Laser Phys.21(6), 1039–1041 (2011). [CrossRef]
- X. Yu, C. L. Li, G. C. Sun, B. Z. Li, X. Y. Chen, M. Zhao, J. B. Wang, X. H. Zhang, and G. Y. Jin, “Continuous-Wave Dual-Wavelength Operation of a Diode-End-Pumped Nd:LuVO4 Laser,” Laser Phys.21(6), 1039–1041 (2011). [CrossRef]
- S. R. Zhao, H. J. Zhang, J. Y. Wang, H. K. Kong, X. F. Cheng, J. H. Liu, J. Li, Y. T. Lin, X. B. Hu, X. G. Xu, X. Q. Wang, Z. S. Shao, and M. H. Jiang, “Growth and characterization of the new laser crystal Nd:LuVO4,” Opt. Mater.26(3), 319–325 (2004). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. B
- T. Jensen, V. G. Ostroumov, J.-P. Meyn, G. Huber, A. I. Zagumennyi, and I. A. Shcherbakov, “Spectroscopic Characterization and Laser Performance of Diode-Laser-Pumped Nd:GdVO4,” Appl. Phys. B58(5), 373–379 (1994). [CrossRef]
- D. Kip, “Photorefractive waveguides in oxide crystals: fabrication, properties, and applications,” Appl. Phys. B67(2), 131–150 (1998). [CrossRef]
- J. Siebenmorgen, K. Petermann, G. Huber, K. Rademaker, S. Nolte, and A. Tünnermann, “Femtosecond laser written stress-induced Nd:Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) channel waveguide laser,” Appl. Phys. B97(2), 251–255 (2009). [CrossRef]
- T. Calmano, J. Siebenmorgen, O. Hellmig, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Nd:YAG waveguide laser with 1.3 W output power, fabricated by direct femtosecond laser writing,” Appl. Phys. B100(1), 131–135 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. Ródenas, G. A. Torchia, G. Lifante, E. Cantelar, J. Lamela, F. Jaque, L. Roso, and D. Jaque, “Refractive index change mechanisms in femtosecond laser written ceramic Nd:YAG waveguides: micro-spectroscopy experiments and beam propagation calculations,” Appl. Phys. B95(1), 85–96 (2009). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- G. A. Torchia, A. Rodenas, A. Benayas, E. Cantelar, L. Roso, and D. Jaque, “Highly efficient laser action in femtosecond-written Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(11), 111103 (2008). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tan, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, G. A. Torchia, A. Benayas, and D. Jaque, “Continuous wave laser generation at 1064 nm in femtosecond laser inscribed Nd:YVO4 channel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(3), 031119 (2010). [CrossRef]
- N. D. Psaila, R. R. Thomson, H. T. Bookey, A. K. Kar, N. Chiodo, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, A. Jha, and S. Shen, “Er:Yb-doped oxyfluoride silicate glass waveguide amplifier fabricated using femtosecond laser inscription,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(13), 131102 (2007). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.
- A. Benayas, W. F. Silva, A. Ródenas, C. Jacinto, J. Vázquez de Aldana, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. R. Thomsom, N. D. Psaila, D. T. Reid, G. A. Torchia, A. K. Kar, and D. Jaque, “Ultrafast laser writing of optical waveguides in ceramic Yb:YAG: a study of thermal and non-thermal regimes,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.104(1), 301–309 (2011). [CrossRef]
J. Appl. Phys.
- S. Juodkazis, V. Mizeikis, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional microfabrication of materials by femtosecond lasers for photonics applications,” J. Appl. Phys.106(5), 051101 (2009). [CrossRef]
- T. S. Lomheim and L. G. DeShazer, “Optical-absorption intensities of trivalent neodymium in the uniaxial crystal yttrium orthovanadate,” J. Appl. Phys.49(11), 5517–5522 (1978). [CrossRef]
J. Cryst. Growth
- H. X. Li, J. Y. Wang, H. J. Zhang, G. W. Yua, X. X. Wang, L. Fang, M. R. Shen, Z. Y. Ning, Q. W. Tang, S. L. Li, X. L. Wang, and K. M. Wang, “Structural and optical properties of Nd:LuVO4 waveguides grown on sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition,” J. Cryst. Growth277(1-4), 269–273 (2005). [CrossRef]
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
- A. Agnesi, A. Guandalini, and G. Reali, “Efficient 671-nm pump source by intracavity doubling of a diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B19(5), 1078–1082 (2002). [CrossRef]
- H. Zhang, J. Liu, J. Wang, C. Wang, L. Zhu, Z. Shao, X. Meng, X. Hu, M. Jiang, and Y. T. Chow, “Characterization of the laser crystal Nd:GdVO4,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B19(1), 18–27 (2002). [CrossRef]
- C. Maunier, J. L. Doualan, R. Moncorgé, A. Speghini, M. Bettinelli, and E. Cavalli, “Growth, spectroscopic characterization, and laser performance of Nd:LuVO4, a new infrared laser material that is suitable for diode pumping,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B19(8), 1794–1800 (2002). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tan, Y. Jia, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, and D. Jaque, “Simultaneous dual-wavelength lasers at 1064 and 1342 nm in femtosecond-laser-written Nd:YVO4 channel waveguides,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B28(7), 1607–1610 (2011). [CrossRef]
Laser Phys.
- X. Yu, C. L. Li, G. C. Sun, B. Z. Li, X. Y. Chen, M. Zhao, J. B. Wang, X. H. Zhang, and G. Y. Jin, “Continuous-Wave Dual-Wavelength Operation of a Diode-End-Pumped Nd:LuVO4 Laser,” Laser Phys.21(6), 1039–1041 (2011). [CrossRef]
Laser Phys. Lett.
- B. Liu, Y. L. Li, and H. L. Jiang, “Nd:LuVO4 as a true three-level laser,” Laser Phys. Lett.8(8), 575–578 (2011). [CrossRef]
Opt. Commun.
- C. Czeranowsky, M. Schmidt, E. Heumann, G. Huber, S. Kutovoi, and Y. Zavartsev, “Continuous wave diode umped intracavity doubled Nd:GdVO4 laser with 840 mW output power at 456 nm,” Opt. Commun.205, 361–365 (2002).
Opt. Express
- H. Ogilvy, M. Withford, P. Dekker, and J. A. Piper, “Efficient diode double-end-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser operating at 1342nm,” Opt. Express11(19), 2411–2415 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Tan, A. Rodenas, F. Chen, R. R. Thomson, A. K. Kar, D. Jaque, and Q. Lu, “70% slope efficiency from an ultrafast laser-written Nd:GdVO4 channel waveguide laser,” Opt. Express18(24), 24994–24999 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Rodenas and A. K. Kar, “High-contrast step-index waveguides in borate nonlinear laser crystals by 3D laser writing,” Opt. Express19(18), 17820–17833 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. J. Little, M. Ams, P. Dekker, G. D. Marshall, J. M. Dawes, and M. J. Withford, “Femtosecond laser modification of fused silica: the effect of writing polarization on Si-O ring structure,” Opt. Express16(24), 20029–20037 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. B. Fletcher, J. J. Witcher, N. Troy, S. T. Reis, R. K. Brow, and D. M. Krol, “Direct femtosecond laser waveguide writing inside zinc phosphate glass,” Opt. Express19(9), 7929–7936 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- C. Zhang, N. N. Dong, J. Yang, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, and Q. M. Lu, “Channel waveguide lasers in Nd:GGG crystals fabricated by femtosecond laser inscription,” Opt. Express19(13), 12503–12508 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
- D. G. Lancaster, S. Gross, H. Ebendorff-Heidepriem, K. Kuan, T. M. Monro, M. Ams, A. Fuerbach, and M. J. Withford, “Fifty percent internal slope efficiency femtosecond direct-written Tm³⁺:ZBLAN waveguide laser,” Opt. Lett.36(9), 1587–1589 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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Opt. Mater.
- S. R. Zhao, H. J. Zhang, J. Y. Wang, H. K. Kong, X. F. Cheng, J. H. Liu, J. Li, Y. T. Lin, X. B. Hu, X. G. Xu, X. Q. Wang, Z. S. Shao, and M. H. Jiang, “Growth and characterization of the new laser crystal Nd:LuVO4,” Opt. Mater.26(3), 319–325 (2004). [CrossRef]
Phys. Status Solidi
- N. Dong, Y. Yao, F. Chen, and J. R. Vazquez de Aldana, “Channel waveguides preserving luminescence features in Nd3+:Y2O3 ceramics produced by ultrafast laser inscription,” Phys. Status Solidi5, 184–186 (2011).
Physica B
- C. L. Jia, X. L. Wang, K. M. Wang, and H. J. Zhang, “Characterization of optical waveguide in Nd:LuVO4 crystals by triple-energy oxygen ion implantation,” Physica B403(4), 679–683 (2008). [CrossRef]
Proc. SPIE
- W. Watanabe, S. Sowa, and K. Itoh, “Waveguide writing in bulk PMMA by femtosecond laser pulses,” Proc. SPIE6108, 61080R, 61080R-6 (2006). [CrossRef]
Prog. Quantum Electron.
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Other
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2011, Yu, Laser Phys.
- X. Yu, C. L. Li, G. C. Sun, B. Z. Li, X. Y. Chen, M. Zhao, J. B. Wang, X. H. Zhang, and G. Y. Jin, “Continuous-Wave Dual-Wavelength Operation of a Diode-End-Pumped Nd:LuVO4 Laser,” Laser Phys.21(6), 1039–1041 (2011). [CrossRef]
- B. Liu, Y. L. Li, and H. L. Jiang, “Nd:LuVO4 as a true three-level laser,” Laser Phys. Lett.8(8), 575–578 (2011). [CrossRef]
- C. Grivas, “Optically pumped planar waveguide lasers, Part I: Fundamentals and fabrication techniques,” Prog. Quantum Electron.35(6), 159–239 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. Benayas, W. F. Silva, A. Ródenas, C. Jacinto, J. Vázquez de Aldana, F. Chen, Y. Tan, R. R. Thomsom, N. D. Psaila, D. T. Reid, G. A. Torchia, A. K. Kar, and D. Jaque, “Ultrafast laser writing of optical waveguides in ceramic Yb:YAG: a study of thermal and non-thermal regimes,” Appl. Phys., A Mater. Sci. Process.104(1), 301–309 (2011). [CrossRef]
- N. Dong, Y. Yao, F. Chen, and J. R. Vazquez de Aldana, “Channel waveguides preserving luminescence features in Nd3+:Y2O3 ceramics produced by ultrafast laser inscription,” Phys. Status Solidi5, 184–186 (2011).
- T. Calmano, J. Siebenmorgen, O. Hellmig, K. Petermann, and G. Huber, “Nd:YAG waveguide laser with 1.3 W output power, fabricated by direct femtosecond laser writing,” Appl. Phys. B100(1), 131–135 (2010). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tan, F. Chen, J. R. Vázquez de Aldana, G. A. Torchia, A. Benayas, and D. Jaque, “Continuous wave laser generation at 1064 nm in femtosecond laser inscribed Nd:YVO4 channel waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97(3), 031119 (2010). [CrossRef]
- S. Juodkazis, V. Mizeikis, and H. Misawa, “Three-dimensional microfabrication of materials by femtosecond lasers for photonics applications,” J. Appl. Phys.106(5), 051101 (2009). [CrossRef]
- J. Siebenmorgen, K. Petermann, G. Huber, K. Rademaker, S. Nolte, and A. Tünnermann, “Femtosecond laser written stress-induced Nd:Y3Al5O12 (Nd:YAG) channel waveguide laser,” Appl. Phys. B97(2), 251–255 (2009). [CrossRef]
- A. Ródenas, G. A. Torchia, G. Lifante, E. Cantelar, J. Lamela, F. Jaque, L. Roso, and D. Jaque, “Refractive index change mechanisms in femtosecond laser written ceramic Nd:YAG waveguides: micro-spectroscopy experiments and beam propagation calculations,” Appl. Phys. B95(1), 85–96 (2009). [CrossRef]
- G. A. Torchia, A. Rodenas, A. Benayas, E. Cantelar, L. Roso, and D. Jaque, “Highly efficient laser action in femtosecond-written Nd:yttrium aluminum garnet ceramic waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(11), 111103 (2008). [CrossRef]
- C. L. Jia, X. L. Wang, K. M. Wang, and H. J. Zhang, “Characterization of optical waveguide in Nd:LuVO4 crystals by triple-energy oxygen ion implantation,” Physica B403(4), 679–683 (2008). [CrossRef]
- N. D. Psaila, R. R. Thomson, H. T. Bookey, A. K. Kar, N. Chiodo, R. Osellame, G. Cerullo, A. Jha, and S. Shen, “Er:Yb-doped oxyfluoride silicate glass waveguide amplifier fabricated using femtosecond laser inscription,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90(13), 131102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- W. Watanabe, S. Sowa, and K. Itoh, “Waveguide writing in bulk PMMA by femtosecond laser pulses,” Proc. SPIE6108, 61080R, 61080R-6 (2006). [CrossRef]
- H. X. Li, J. Y. Wang, H. J. Zhang, G. W. Yua, X. X. Wang, L. Fang, M. R. Shen, Z. Y. Ning, Q. W. Tang, S. L. Li, X. L. Wang, and K. M. Wang, “Structural and optical properties of Nd:LuVO4 waveguides grown on sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition,” J. Cryst. Growth277(1-4), 269–273 (2005). [CrossRef]
- S. R. Zhao, H. J. Zhang, J. Y. Wang, H. K. Kong, X. F. Cheng, J. H. Liu, J. Li, Y. T. Lin, X. B. Hu, X. G. Xu, X. Q. Wang, Z. S. Shao, and M. H. Jiang, “Growth and characterization of the new laser crystal Nd:LuVO4,” Opt. Mater.26(3), 319–325 (2004). [CrossRef]
- C. Czeranowsky, M. Schmidt, E. Heumann, G. Huber, S. Kutovoi, and Y. Zavartsev, “Continuous wave diode umped intracavity doubled Nd:GdVO4 laser with 840 mW output power at 456 nm,” Opt. Commun.205, 361–365 (2002).
- D. Kip, “Photorefractive waveguides in oxide crystals: fabrication, properties, and applications,” Appl. Phys. B67(2), 131–150 (1998). [CrossRef]
- T. Jensen, V. G. Ostroumov, J.-P. Meyn, G. Huber, A. I. Zagumennyi, and I. A. Shcherbakov, “Spectroscopic Characterization and Laser Performance of Diode-Laser-Pumped Nd:GdVO4,” Appl. Phys. B58(5), 373–379 (1994). [CrossRef]
- T. S. Lomheim and L. G. DeShazer, “Optical-absorption intensities of trivalent neodymium in the uniaxial crystal yttrium orthovanadate,” J. Appl. Phys.49(11), 5517–5522 (1978). [CrossRef]
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