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Performance of electro-optical plasmonic ring resonators at telecom wavelengthsSukanya Randhawa, Sébastien Lachèze, Jan Renger, Alexandre Bouhelier, Roch Espiau de Lamaestre, Alain Dereux, and Romain Quidant »View Author Affiliations
Sukanya Randhawa,1
Sébastien Lachèze,2,3
Jan Renger,1
Alexandre Bouhelier,2
Roch Espiau de Lamaestre,3
Alain Dereux,2
and Romain Quidant1,4,*
1ICFO-Institut de Ciences Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, Castelldefels, Barcelona, 08860, Spain 2Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire Carnot de Bourgogne, CNRS-UMR 5209, Université de Bourgogne, 21078 Dijon, France 3CEA LETI, MINATEC Campus, 17 rue des Martyrs 38054 Grenoble cedex 9, France 4ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain *Corresponding author: romain.quidant@icfo.es |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 3, pp. 2354-2362 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.002354
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Abstract
In this work we report on the characteristics of an electro-optical dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguide ring resonator. By doping the dielectric host matrix with an electro-optical material and designing an appropriate set of planar electrodes, we measured a 16% relative change of transmission upon application of a controlled electric field. We have analyzed the temporal response of the device and conclude that electrostriction of the host matrix is playing a dominating role in the transmission response.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(230.2090) Optical devices : Electro-optical devices
(240.6680) Optics at surfaces : Surface plasmons
(250.5403) Optoelectronics : Plasmonics
ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces
History
Original Manuscript: September 9, 2011
Revised Manuscript: November 21, 2011
Manuscript Accepted: December 9, 2011
Published: January 19, 2012
Citation
Sukanya Randhawa, Sébastien Lachèze, Jan Renger, Alexandre Bouhelier, Roch Espiau de Lamaestre, Alain Dereux, and Romain Quidant, "Performance of electro-optical plasmonic ring resonators at telecom wavelengths," Opt. Express 20, 2354-2362 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-3-2354
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References
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- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, A. Bouhelier, S. Massenot, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides on a finite-width metal strip,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 063105 (2010). [CrossRef]
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- S. Randhawa, A. V. Krasavin, T. Holmgaard, J. Renger, S. Bozhevolnyi, A. V. Zayats, and R. Quidant, “Experimental demonstration of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide disk resonators at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 161102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. Kumar, J. Gosciniak, T. B. Andersen, L. Markey, A. Dereux, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi, “Power monitoring in dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides,” Opt. Express19, 2972–2978 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Gosciniak, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, T. B. Andersen, V. S. Volkov, J. Kjelstrup-Hansen, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Thermo-optic control of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide components,” Opt. Express18, 1207–1216 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguidering resonators,” Opt. Express17, 2968–2975 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, A. Dereux, A. V. Krasavin, and A. V. Zayats, “Bend-and splitting loss of dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides,” Opt. Express.16, 13585–13592 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Holmgaard, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides at telecommunication wavelengths: Excitation and characterization,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 011124 (2008). [CrossRef]
- S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, J.-Y. Laluet, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators,” Nature440, 508–511 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. I. Bozhevolnyi, Plasmonic Nanowaveguides and Cirquits (Pan Stanford Publishing, 2009)
- R. M. Briggs, J. Grandidier, S. P. Burgos, E. Feigenbaum, and H. A. Atwater, “Efficient coupling between dielectric-loaded plasmonic and silicon photonic waveguides,” Nano Lett.10, 4851–4857 (2010). [CrossRef]
- R. Zia, J. A. Schuller, A. Chandran, and M. L. Brongersma, “Plasmonics: the next chip-scale technology,” Mater. Today9, 20–27 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R. M. Briggs, J. Grandidier, S. P. Burgos, E. Feigenbaum, and H. A. Atwater, “Efficient coupling between dielectric-loaded plasmonic and silicon photonic waveguides,” Nano Lett.10, 4851–4857 (2010). [CrossRef]
- N. Galler, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, A. Hohenau, M. Dansachmueller, F. Camacho-Gonzales, S. Bauer, J. R. Krenn, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electrically actuated elastomers for electro-optical modulators,” Appl. Phys. B, 85, 7–10 (2006). [CrossRef]
- Y. Jiang, Z. Cao, G. Chen, X. Dou, and Y. Chen, “Low voltage electro-optic polymer light modulator using attenuated total intenal reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol.33(6), 417–420 (2001). [CrossRef]
- R. Zia, J. A. Schuller, A. Chandran, and M. L. Brongersma, “Plasmonics: the next chip-scale technology,” Mater. Today9, 20–27 (2006). [CrossRef]
- Y. Jiang, Z. Cao, G. Chen, X. Dou, and Y. Chen, “Low voltage electro-optic polymer light modulator using attenuated total intenal reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol.33(6), 417–420 (2001). [CrossRef]
- Y. Jiang, Z. Cao, G. Chen, X. Dou, and Y. Chen, “Low voltage electro-optic polymer light modulator using attenuated total intenal reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol.33(6), 417–420 (2001). [CrossRef]
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguidering resonators,” Opt. Express17, 2968–2975 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, A. Dereux, A. V. Krasavin, and A. V. Zayats, “Bend-and splitting loss of dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides,” Opt. Express.16, 13585–13592 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, A. Bouhelier, S. Massenot, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides on a finite-width metal strip,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 063105 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, S. Massenot, A. Bouhelier, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, C. Finot, and A. Dereux, “Gain-assisted propagation in a plasmonic waveguide at telecom wavelength,” Nano Lett.9, 2935–2939 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Massenot, J. Grandidier, A. Bouhelier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, A. Dereux, J. Renger, M. U. Gonzàlez, and R. Quidant, “Polymer-metal waveguides characterization by fourier plane leakage radiation microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 243102 (2007). [CrossRef]
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- C. T. Nguyen, R. Hierle, J. Zyss, B. A. Journet, and P. Labbe, “New electro-optic modulator based on polymer waveguide and loop structure,” Proc. SPIE237, 5351 (2004).
- K. Ohara, M. Hennecke, and J. Furhmann, “Electrostriction of polymethacrylates,” Colloid Polym. Sci.260, 164–168 (1982). [CrossRef]
- R. F. Oulton, V. J. Sorger, T. Zentgraf, R.-M. Ma, C. Gladden, L. Daia, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale,” Nature461, 624–631 (2009). [CrossRef]
- E. Ozbay, “Plasmonics: Merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimensions,” Science311, 189–193 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Dicken, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, H. J. Lezec, K. Bhattacharya, and H. A. Atwater, “Electrooptic modulation in thin film barium titanate plasmonic interferometers,” Nano Lett.8, 4048–4052 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Pacifici, H. J. Lezec, and H. A. Atwater, “All-optical modulation by plasmonic excitation of CdSe quantum dots,” Nat. Photonics1, 402–406 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Bouhelier, T. Huser, H. Tamaru, H.-J. Güntherodt, and D. W. Pohl, “Plasmon transmissivity and reflectivity of narrow grooves in a silver film,” J. Microsc.194, 571–573 (1999). [CrossRef]
- S. Randhawa, A. V. Krasavin, T. Holmgaard, J. Renger, S. Bozhevolnyi, A. V. Zayats, and R. Quidant, “Experimental demonstration of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide disk resonators at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 161102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- S. Randhawa, M. U. González, J. Renger, S. Enoch, and R. Quidant, “Design and properties of dielectric surface plasmon bragg mirrors,” Opt. Express18, 14496–14510 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Massenot, J. Grandidier, A. Bouhelier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, A. Dereux, J. Renger, M. U. Gonzàlez, and R. Quidant, “Polymer-metal waveguides characterization by fourier plane leakage radiation microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 243102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- S. Randhawa, A. V. Krasavin, T. Holmgaard, J. Renger, S. Bozhevolnyi, A. V. Zayats, and R. Quidant, “Experimental demonstration of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide disk resonators at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 161102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- S. Randhawa, M. U. González, J. Renger, S. Enoch, and R. Quidant, “Design and properties of dielectric surface plasmon bragg mirrors,” Opt. Express18, 14496–14510 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Randhawa, A. V. Krasavin, T. Holmgaard, J. Renger, S. Bozhevolnyi, A. V. Zayats, and R. Quidant, “Experimental demonstration of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide disk resonators at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 161102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- S. Randhawa, M. U. González, J. Renger, S. Enoch, and R. Quidant, “Design and properties of dielectric surface plasmon bragg mirrors,” Opt. Express18, 14496–14510 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Massenot, J. Grandidier, A. Bouhelier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, A. Dereux, J. Renger, M. U. Gonzàlez, and R. Quidant, “Polymer-metal waveguides characterization by fourier plane leakage radiation microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 243102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Renger, S. Grafström, and M. Lukas Eng, “Direct excitation of surface plasmon polaritons in nanopatterned metal surfaces and thin films,” Phys. Rev. B76, 045431–045438 (2007). [CrossRef]
- K. F. MacDonald, Z. L. Sámson, M. I. Stockman, and N. I. Zheludev, “Ultrafast active plasmonics,” Nat. Photonics3, 55–58 (2009). [CrossRef]
- R. Zia, J. A. Schuller, A. Chandran, and M. L. Brongersma, “Plasmonics: the next chip-scale technology,” Mater. Today9, 20–27 (2006). [CrossRef]
- R. F. Oulton, V. J. Sorger, T. Zentgraf, R.-M. Ma, C. Gladden, L. Daia, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale,” Nature461, 624–631 (2009). [CrossRef]
- N. Galler, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, A. Hohenau, M. Dansachmueller, F. Camacho-Gonzales, S. Bauer, J. R. Krenn, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electrically actuated elastomers for electro-optical modulators,” Appl. Phys. B, 85, 7–10 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, A. L. Stepanov, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, N. Galler, F. R. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. R. Krenn, “How to erase surface plasmon fringes,” Appl. Phys. Lett.89, 091117 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Hohenau, J. R. Krenn, A. Stepanov, A. Drezet, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, A. Leitner, and F. Aussenegg, “Dielectric optical elements for surface plasmons,” Opt. Lett.30, 893–895 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, D. Koller, A. Stepanov, B. S. H. Ditlbacher, F. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. Krenn, “Leakage radiation microscopy of surface plasmon polaritons,” Mater. Sci. Eng., B148, 220–229 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. Hohenau, J. R. Krenn, A. Stepanov, A. Drezet, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, A. Leitner, and F. Aussenegg, “Dielectric optical elements for surface plasmons,” Opt. Lett.30, 893–895 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, A. L. Stepanov, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, N. Galler, F. R. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. R. Krenn, “How to erase surface plasmon fringes,” Appl. Phys. Lett.89, 091117 (2006). [CrossRef]
- K. F. MacDonald, Z. L. Sámson, M. I. Stockman, and N. I. Zheludev, “Ultrafast active plasmonics,” Nat. Photonics3, 55–58 (2009). [CrossRef]
- M. Dicken, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, H. J. Lezec, K. Bhattacharya, and H. A. Atwater, “Electrooptic modulation in thin film barium titanate plasmonic interferometers,” Nano Lett.8, 4048–4052 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Bouhelier, T. Huser, H. Tamaru, H.-J. Güntherodt, and D. W. Pohl, “Plasmon transmissivity and reflectivity of narrow grooves in a silver film,” J. Microsc.194, 571–573 (1999). [CrossRef]
- J. Gosciniak, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, T. B. Andersen, V. S. Volkov, J. Kjelstrup-Hansen, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Thermo-optic control of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide components,” Opt. Express18, 1207–1216 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, J.-Y. Laluet, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators,” Nature440, 508–511 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Berthelot, A. Bouhelier, G. C. des Francs, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Excitation of a one-dimensional evanescent wave by conical edge diffraction of surface plasmon,” Opt. Express19, 5303–5312 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, A. Bouhelier, S. Massenot, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides on a finite-width metal strip,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 063105 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, S. Massenot, A. Bouhelier, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, C. Finot, and A. Dereux, “Gain-assisted propagation in a plasmonic waveguide at telecom wavelength,” Nano Lett.9, 2935–2939 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Massenot, J. Grandidier, A. Bouhelier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, A. Dereux, J. Renger, M. U. Gonzàlez, and R. Quidant, “Polymer-metal waveguides characterization by fourier plane leakage radiation microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 243102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Weeber, M. U. González, A.-L. Baudrion, and A. Dereux, “Surface plasmon routing along right angle bent metal strips,” Appl. Phys. Lett.87, 221101 (2005). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Weeber, Y. Lacroute, and A. Dereux, “Optical near-field distributions of surface plasmon waveguide modes,” Phys. Rev. B68, 115401–115411 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Weeber, J. R. Krenn, A. Dereux, B. Lamprecht, Y. Lacroute, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Near-field observation of surface plasmon polariton propagation on thin metal stripes,” Phys. Rev. B64, 045411–045420 (2001). [CrossRef]
- G. P. Wiederrecht, J. Hall, and A. Bouhelier, “Control of molecular energy redistribution pathways via surface plasmon gating,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 083001–083005 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Bouhelier and G. P. Wiederrecht, “Surface plasmon rainbow jet,” Opt. Lett.30, 884 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Nahata, C. Wu, and J. T. Yardley, “Electrooptic characterization of organic media,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.41, 128–131 (1992). [CrossRef]
- A. V. Krasavin, P. M. Bolger, G. A. Wurtz, and A. V. Zayats, “Passive photonic elements based on dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90, 211101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Nahata, C. Wu, and J. T. Yardley, “Electrooptic characterization of organic media,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.41, 128–131 (1992). [CrossRef]
- S. Randhawa, A. V. Krasavin, T. Holmgaard, J. Renger, S. Bozhevolnyi, A. V. Zayats, and R. Quidant, “Experimental demonstration of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide disk resonators at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 161102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. V. Krasavin and A. V. Zayats, “Silicon-based plasmonic waveguides,” Opt. Express18, 11791–11799 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. V. Krasavin and A. V. Zayats, “Electro-optic switching element for dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97, 041107–041109 (2010). [CrossRef]
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, A. Dereux, A. V. Krasavin, and A. V. Zayats, “Bend-and splitting loss of dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides,” Opt. Express.16, 13585–13592 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. V. Krasavin, P. M. Bolger, G. A. Wurtz, and A. V. Zayats, “Passive photonic elements based on dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90, 211101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- R. F. Oulton, V. J. Sorger, T. Zentgraf, R.-M. Ma, C. Gladden, L. Daia, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale,” Nature461, 624–631 (2009). [CrossRef]
- R. F. Oulton, V. J. Sorger, T. Zentgraf, R.-M. Ma, C. Gladden, L. Daia, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale,” Nature461, 624–631 (2009). [CrossRef]
- K. F. MacDonald, Z. L. Sámson, M. I. Stockman, and N. I. Zheludev, “Ultrafast active plasmonics,” Nat. Photonics3, 55–58 (2009). [CrossRef]
- R. Zia, J. A. Schuller, A. Chandran, and M. L. Brongersma, “Plasmonics: the next chip-scale technology,” Mater. Today9, 20–27 (2006). [CrossRef]
- S. Michel, J. Zyss, I. Ledoux-Rak, and C. T. Nguyen, “High-performance electro-optic modulators realized with a commercial side-chain DR1-pmma electro-optic copolymer,” Proc. SPIE7599, 75990I (2010). [CrossRef]
- C. T. Nguyen, R. Hierle, J. Zyss, B. A. Journet, and P. Labbe, “New electro-optic modulator based on polymer waveguide and loop structure,” Proc. SPIE237, 5351 (2004).
Appl. Phys. B
- N. Galler, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, A. Hohenau, M. Dansachmueller, F. Camacho-Gonzales, S. Bauer, J. R. Krenn, A. Leitner, and F. R. Aussenegg, “Electrically actuated elastomers for electro-optical modulators,” Appl. Phys. B, 85, 7–10 (2006). [CrossRef]
Appl. Phys. Lett.
- J.-C. Weeber, M. U. González, A.-L. Baudrion, and A. Dereux, “Surface plasmon routing along right angle bent metal strips,” Appl. Phys. Lett.87, 221101 (2005). [CrossRef]
- A. V. Krasavin, P. M. Bolger, G. A. Wurtz, and A. V. Zayats, “Passive photonic elements based on dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.90, 211101 (2007). [CrossRef]
- S. Randhawa, A. V. Krasavin, T. Holmgaard, J. Renger, S. Bozhevolnyi, A. V. Zayats, and R. Quidant, “Experimental demonstration of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide disk resonators at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 161102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. V. Krasavin and A. V. Zayats, “Electro-optic switching element for dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97, 041107–041109 (2010). [CrossRef]
- T. Holmgaard, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides at telecommunication wavelengths: Excitation and characterization,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 011124 (2008). [CrossRef]
- S. Massenot, J. Grandidier, A. Bouhelier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, A. Dereux, J. Renger, M. U. Gonzàlez, and R. Quidant, “Polymer-metal waveguides characterization by fourier plane leakage radiation microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.91, 243102 (2007). [CrossRef]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, A. Bouhelier, S. Massenot, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides on a finite-width metal strip,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 063105 (2010). [CrossRef]
- A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, A. L. Stepanov, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, N. Galler, F. R. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. R. Krenn, “How to erase surface plasmon fringes,” Appl. Phys. Lett.89, 091117 (2006). [CrossRef]
Colloid Polym. Sci.
- K. Ohara, M. Hennecke, and J. Furhmann, “Electrostriction of polymethacrylates,” Colloid Polym. Sci.260, 164–168 (1982). [CrossRef]
IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.
- A. Nahata, C. Wu, and J. T. Yardley, “Electrooptic characterization of organic media,” IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.41, 128–131 (1992). [CrossRef]
J. Microsc.
- A. Bouhelier, T. Huser, H. Tamaru, H.-J. Güntherodt, and D. W. Pohl, “Plasmon transmissivity and reflectivity of narrow grooves in a silver film,” J. Microsc.194, 571–573 (1999). [CrossRef]
Mater. Sci. Eng., B
- A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, D. Koller, A. Stepanov, B. S. H. Ditlbacher, F. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. Krenn, “Leakage radiation microscopy of surface plasmon polaritons,” Mater. Sci. Eng., B148, 220–229 (2008). [CrossRef]
Mater. Today
- R. Zia, J. A. Schuller, A. Chandran, and M. L. Brongersma, “Plasmonics: the next chip-scale technology,” Mater. Today9, 20–27 (2006). [CrossRef]
Nano Lett.
- A. Drezet, D. Koller, A. Hohenau, A. Leitner, F. R. Aussenegg, and J. R. Krenn, “Plasmonic crystal demultiplexer and multiports,” Nano Lett.7, 1697–1700 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Dicken, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, H. J. Lezec, K. Bhattacharya, and H. A. Atwater, “Electrooptic modulation in thin film barium titanate plasmonic interferometers,” Nano Lett.8, 4048–4052 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. M. Briggs, J. Grandidier, S. P. Burgos, E. Feigenbaum, and H. A. Atwater, “Efficient coupling between dielectric-loaded plasmonic and silicon photonic waveguides,” Nano Lett.10, 4851–4857 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, S. Massenot, A. Bouhelier, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, C. Finot, and A. Dereux, “Gain-assisted propagation in a plasmonic waveguide at telecom wavelength,” Nano Lett.9, 2935–2939 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Nat. Photonics
- D. Pacifici, H. J. Lezec, and H. A. Atwater, “All-optical modulation by plasmonic excitation of CdSe quantum dots,” Nat. Photonics1, 402–406 (2007). [CrossRef]
- K. F. MacDonald, Z. L. Sámson, M. I. Stockman, and N. I. Zheludev, “Ultrafast active plasmonics,” Nat. Photonics3, 55–58 (2009). [CrossRef]
Nature
- R. F. Oulton, V. J. Sorger, T. Zentgraf, R.-M. Ma, C. Gladden, L. Daia, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale,” Nature461, 624–631 (2009). [CrossRef]
- S. I. Bozhevolnyi, V. S. Volkov, E. Devaux, J.-Y. Laluet, and T. W. Ebbesen, “Channel plasmon subwavelength waveguide components including interferometers and ring resonators,” Nature440, 508–511 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Express
- A. V. Krasavin and A. V. Zayats, “Silicon-based plasmonic waveguides,” Opt. Express18, 11791–11799 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- S. Randhawa, M. U. González, J. Renger, S. Enoch, and R. Quidant, “Design and properties of dielectric surface plasmon bragg mirrors,” Opt. Express18, 14496–14510 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Kumar, J. Gosciniak, T. B. Andersen, L. Markey, A. Dereux, and S. I. Bozhevolnyi, “Power monitoring in dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides,” Opt. Express19, 2972–2978 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Gosciniak, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, T. B. Andersen, V. S. Volkov, J. Kjelstrup-Hansen, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Thermo-optic control of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide components,” Opt. Express18, 1207–1216 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguidering resonators,” Opt. Express17, 2968–2975 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J. Berthelot, A. Bouhelier, G. C. des Francs, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Excitation of a one-dimensional evanescent wave by conical edge diffraction of surface plasmon,” Opt. Express19, 5303–5312 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Express.
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, A. Dereux, A. V. Krasavin, and A. V. Zayats, “Bend-and splitting loss of dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides,” Opt. Express.16, 13585–13592 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Laser Technol.
- Y. Jiang, Z. Cao, G. Chen, X. Dou, and Y. Chen, “Low voltage electro-optic polymer light modulator using attenuated total intenal reflection,” Opt. Laser Technol.33(6), 417–420 (2001). [CrossRef]
Opt. Lett.
- A. Bouhelier and G. P. Wiederrecht, “Surface plasmon rainbow jet,” Opt. Lett.30, 884 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Perron, M. Wu, C. Horvath, D. Bachman, and V. Van, “All-plasmonic switching based on thermal nonlinearity in a polymer plasmonic microring resonator,” Opt. Lett.36, 2731–2733 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Hohenau, J. R. Krenn, A. Stepanov, A. Drezet, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, A. Leitner, and F. Aussenegg, “Dielectric optical elements for surface plasmons,” Opt. Lett.30, 893–895 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Phys. Rev. B
- J.-C. Weeber, Y. Lacroute, and A. Dereux, “Optical near-field distributions of surface plasmon waveguide modes,” Phys. Rev. B68, 115401–115411 (2003). [CrossRef]
- J.-C. Weeber, J. R. Krenn, A. Dereux, B. Lamprecht, Y. Lacroute, and J. P. Goudonnet, “Near-field observation of surface plasmon polariton propagation on thin metal stripes,” Phys. Rev. B64, 045411–045420 (2001). [CrossRef]
- J. Renger, S. Grafström, and M. Lukas Eng, “Direct excitation of surface plasmon polaritons in nanopatterned metal surfaces and thin films,” Phys. Rev. B76, 045431–045438 (2007). [CrossRef]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
- G. P. Wiederrecht, J. Hall, and A. Bouhelier, “Control of molecular energy redistribution pathways via surface plasmon gating,” Phys. Rev. Lett.98, 083001–083005 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Proc. SPIE
- C. T. Nguyen, R. Hierle, J. Zyss, B. A. Journet, and P. Labbe, “New electro-optic modulator based on polymer waveguide and loop structure,” Proc. SPIE237, 5351 (2004).
- S. Michel, J. Zyss, I. Ledoux-Rak, and C. T. Nguyen, “High-performance electro-optic modulators realized with a commercial side-chain DR1-pmma electro-optic copolymer,” Proc. SPIE7599, 75990I (2010). [CrossRef]
Science
- E. Ozbay, “Plasmonics: Merging photonics and electronics at nanoscale dimensions,” Science311, 189–193 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Other
- S. I. Bozhevolnyi, Plasmonic Nanowaveguides and Cirquits (Pan Stanford Publishing, 2009)
2011, Randhawa, Appl. Phys. Lett.
- S. Randhawa, A. V. Krasavin, T. Holmgaard, J. Renger, S. Bozhevolnyi, A. V. Zayats, and R. Quidant, “Experimental demonstration of dielectric-loaded plasmonic waveguide disk resonators at telecom wavelengths,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 161102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- A. V. Krasavin and A. V. Zayats, “Electro-optic switching element for dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97, 041107–041109 (2010). [CrossRef]
- R. M. Briggs, J. Grandidier, S. P. Burgos, E. Feigenbaum, and H. A. Atwater, “Efficient coupling between dielectric-loaded plasmonic and silicon photonic waveguides,” Nano Lett.10, 4851–4857 (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, L. Markey, A. Bouhelier, S. Massenot, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon polariton waveguides on a finite-width metal strip,” Appl. Phys. Lett.96, 063105 (2010). [CrossRef]
- S. Michel, J. Zyss, I. Ledoux-Rak, and C. T. Nguyen, “High-performance electro-optic modulators realized with a commercial side-chain DR1-pmma electro-optic copolymer,” Proc. SPIE7599, 75990I (2010). [CrossRef]
- J. Grandidier, G. Colas des Francs, S. Massenot, A. Bouhelier, L. Markey, J.-C. Weeber, C. Finot, and A. Dereux, “Gain-assisted propagation in a plasmonic waveguide at telecom wavelength,” Nano Lett.9, 2935–2939 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- K. F. MacDonald, Z. L. Sámson, M. I. Stockman, and N. I. Zheludev, “Ultrafast active plasmonics,” Nat. Photonics3, 55–58 (2009). [CrossRef]
- R. F. Oulton, V. J. Sorger, T. Zentgraf, R.-M. Ma, C. Gladden, L. Daia, G. Bartal, and X. Zhang, “Plasmon lasers at deep subwavelength scale,” Nature461, 624–631 (2009). [CrossRef]
- T. Holmgaard, Z. Chen, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, A. Dereux, A. V. Krasavin, and A. V. Zayats, “Bend-and splitting loss of dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides,” Opt. Express.16, 13585–13592 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Dicken, L. A. Sweatlock, D. Pacifici, H. J. Lezec, K. Bhattacharya, and H. A. Atwater, “Electrooptic modulation in thin film barium titanate plasmonic interferometers,” Nano Lett.8, 4048–4052 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Holmgaard, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, L. Markey, and A. Dereux, “Dielectric-loaded surface plasmon-polariton waveguides at telecommunication wavelengths: Excitation and characterization,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 011124 (2008). [CrossRef]
- A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, D. Koller, A. Stepanov, B. S. H. Ditlbacher, F. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. Krenn, “Leakage radiation microscopy of surface plasmon polaritons,” Mater. Sci. Eng., B148, 220–229 (2008). [CrossRef]
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