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Pulse compression of phase-matched high harmonic pulses from a time-delay compensated monochromatorHironori Igarashi, Ayumu Makida, Motohiko Ito, and Taro Sekikawa »View Author Affiliations
Hironori Igarashi,
Ayumu Makida,
Motohiko Ito,
and Taro Sekikawa*
Department of Applied Physics, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan *Corresponding author: sekikawa@eng.hokudai.ac.jp |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 4, pp. 3725-3732 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.003725
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Abstract
Single 32.6 eV high harmonic pulses from a time-delay compensated monochromator were compressed down to 11 ± 3 fs by completely compensating for the pulse-front tilt. The photon flux was intensified up to 5.7×109 photons/s on target by implementing high harmonic generation under a phase matching condition in a hollow fiber used for increasing the interaction length. The output photon flux on target from the monochromator was comparable to that from a small synchrotron facility, while the pulse duration was more than three orders of magnitude shorter. This high harmonic beam line fulfills two requirements for time-resolved spectroscopy in extreme ultraviolet region, namely, ultrashort pulses and high photon flux.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(190.4160) Nonlinear optics : Multiharmonic generation
(320.5520) Ultrafast optics : Pulse compression
(320.7100) Ultrafast optics : Ultrafast measurements
ToC Category:
Ultrafast Optics
History
Original Manuscript: December 2, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 26, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: January 27, 2012
Published: January 31, 2012
Citation
Hironori Igarashi, Ayumu Makida, Motohiko Ito, and Taro Sekikawa, "Pulse compression of phase-matched high harmonic pulses from a time-delay compensated monochromator," Opt. Express 20, 3725-3732 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-4-3725
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References
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- A. Rundquist, C. G. Durfee, Z. Chang, C. Herne, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays,” Science280(5368), 1412–1415 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, F. Frassetto, F. Calegari, F. Ferrari, M. Lucchini, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Time-delay compensated monochromator for the spectral selection of extreme-ultraviolet high-order laser harmonics,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80(12), 123109 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, S. Stagira, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Intense femtosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses by using a time-delay-compensated monochromator: erratum,” Opt. Lett.33(2), 140–140 (2008). [CrossRef]
- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, S. Stagira, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Intense femtosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses by using a time-delay-compensated monochromator,” Opt. Lett.32(19), 2897–2899 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Frassetto, C. Cacho, C. A. Froud, I. C. E. Turcu, P. Villoresi, W. A. Bryan, E. Springate, and L. Poletto, “Single-grating monochromator for extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulses,” Opt. Express19(20), 19169–19181 (2011), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-20-19169 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto and F. Frassetto, “Time-preserving grating monochromators for ultrafast extreme-ultraviolet pulses,” Appl. Opt.49(28), 5465–5473 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, F. Frassetto, F. Calegari, F. Ferrari, M. Lucchini, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Time-delay compensated monochromator for the spectral selection of extreme-ultraviolet high-order laser harmonics,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80(12), 123109 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Frassetto, P. Villoresi, and L. Poletto, “Optical concept of a compressor for XUV pulses in the attosecond domain,” Opt. Express16(9), 6652–6667 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-9-6652 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Frassetto, C. Cacho, C. A. Froud, I. C. E. Turcu, P. Villoresi, W. A. Bryan, E. Springate, and L. Poletto, “Single-grating monochromator for extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulses,” Opt. Express19(20), 19169–19181 (2011), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-20-19169 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Nabekawa, T. Shimizu, Y. Furukawa, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Interferometry of attosecond pulse trains in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(21), 213904 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- E. Constant, D. Garzella, P. Breger, E. Mével, C. Dorrer, C. Le Blanc, F. Salin, and P. Agostini, “Optimizing high harmonic generation in absorbing gases: model and experiment,” Phys. Rev. Lett.82(8), 1668–1671 (1999). [CrossRef]
- P. Wernet, M. Odelius, K. Godehusen, J. Gaudin, O. Schwarzkopf, and W. Eberhardt, “Real-time evolution of the valence electronic structure in a dissociating molecule,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103(1), 013001 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. E. Glover, R. W. Schoenlein, A. H. Chin, and C. V. Shank, “Observation of laser assisted photoelectric effect and femtosecond high order harmonic radiation,” Phys. Rev. Lett.76(14), 2468–2471 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Wernet, M. Odelius, K. Godehusen, J. Gaudin, O. Schwarzkopf, and W. Eberhardt, “Real-time evolution of the valence electronic structure in a dissociating molecule,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103(1), 013001 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Nugent-Glandorf, M. Scheer, D. A. Samuels, A. M. Mulhisen, E. R. Grant, X. Yang, V. M. Bierbaum, and S. R. Leone, “Ultrafast time-resolved soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of dissociating Br2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett.87(19), 193002 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Haight and D. R. Peale, “Tunable photoemission with harmonics of subpicosecond lasers,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.65(6), 1853–1857 (1994). [CrossRef]
- H. Wang, M. Chini, S. Chen, C.-H. Zhang, F. He, Y. Cheng, Y. Wu, U. Thumm, and Z. Chang, “Attosecond time-resolved autoionization of argon,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105(14), 143002 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Uiberacker, T. Uphues, M. Schultze, A. J. Verhoef, V. Yakovlev, M. F. Kling, J. Rauschenberger, N. M. Kabachnik, H. Schröder, M. Lezius, K. L. Kompa, H.-G. Muller, M. J. J. Vrakking, S. Hendel, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Attosecond real-time observation of electron tunnelling in atoms,” Nature446(7136), 627–632 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Uiberacker, T. Uphues, M. Schultze, A. J. Verhoef, V. Yakovlev, M. F. Kling, J. Rauschenberger, N. M. Kabachnik, H. Schröder, M. Lezius, K. L. Kompa, H.-G. Muller, M. J. J. Vrakking, S. Hendel, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Attosecond real-time observation of electron tunnelling in atoms,” Nature446(7136), 627–632 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Rundquist, C. G. Durfee, Z. Chang, C. Herne, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays,” Science280(5368), 1412–1415 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ito, Y. Kataoka, T. Okamoto, M. Yamashita, and T. Sekikawa, “Spatiotemporal characterization of single-order high harmonic pulses from time-compensated toroidal-grating monochromator,” Opt. Express18(6), 6071–6078 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-6-6071 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Shimizu, T. Sekikawa, T. Kanai, S. Watanabe, and M. Itoh, “Time-resolved Auger decay in CsBr using high harmonics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.91(1), 017401 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys.81(1), 163–234 (2009). [CrossRef]
- M. Lewenstein, P. Balcou, M. Y. Ivanov, A. L’Huillier, and P. B. Corkum, “Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields,” Phys. Rev. A49(3), 2117–2132 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Uiberacker, T. Uphues, M. Schultze, A. J. Verhoef, V. Yakovlev, M. F. Kling, J. Rauschenberger, N. M. Kabachnik, H. Schröder, M. Lezius, K. L. Kompa, H.-G. Muller, M. J. J. Vrakking, S. Hendel, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Attosecond real-time observation of electron tunnelling in atoms,” Nature446(7136), 627–632 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Sekikawa, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet,” Nature432(7017), 605–608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Shimizu, T. Sekikawa, T. Kanai, S. Watanabe, and M. Itoh, “Time-resolved Auger decay in CsBr using high harmonics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.91(1), 017401 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Li, X. Zhou, R. Lock, S. Patchkovskii, A. Stolow, H. C. Kapteyn, and M. M. Murnane, “Time-resolved dynamics in N2O4 probed using high harmonic generation,” Science322(5905), 1207–1211 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Rundquist, C. G. Durfee, Z. Chang, C. Herne, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays,” Science280(5368), 1412–1415 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ito, Y. Kataoka, T. Okamoto, M. Yamashita, and T. Sekikawa, “Spatiotemporal characterization of single-order high harmonic pulses from time-compensated toroidal-grating monochromator,” Opt. Express18(6), 6071–6078 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-6-6071 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- H. Wang, M. Chini, S. Chen, C.-H. Zhang, F. He, Y. Cheng, Y. Wu, U. Thumm, and Z. Chang, “Attosecond time-resolved autoionization of argon,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105(14), 143002 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Sekikawa, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet,” Nature432(7017), 605–608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Shimizu, T. Sekikawa, T. Kanai, S. Watanabe, and M. Itoh, “Time-resolved Auger decay in CsBr using high harmonics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.91(1), 017401 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Sekikawa, T. Yamazaki, Y. Nabekawa, and S. Watanabe, “Femtosecond Lattice Relaxation Induced by Inner-Shell Excitation,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B19(8), 1941–1945 (2002). [CrossRef]
- P. Wernet, “Electronic structure in real time: mapping valence electron rearrangements during chemical reactions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.13(38), 16941–16954 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Wernet, M. Odelius, K. Godehusen, J. Gaudin, O. Schwarzkopf, and W. Eberhardt, “Real-time evolution of the valence electronic structure in a dissociating molecule,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103(1), 013001 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Wang, M. Chini, S. Chen, C.-H. Zhang, F. He, Y. Cheng, Y. Wu, U. Thumm, and Z. Chang, “Attosecond time-resolved autoionization of argon,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105(14), 143002 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Uiberacker, T. Uphues, M. Schultze, A. J. Verhoef, V. Yakovlev, M. F. Kling, J. Rauschenberger, N. M. Kabachnik, H. Schröder, M. Lezius, K. L. Kompa, H.-G. Muller, M. J. J. Vrakking, S. Hendel, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Attosecond real-time observation of electron tunnelling in atoms,” Nature446(7136), 627–632 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ito, Y. Kataoka, T. Okamoto, M. Yamashita, and T. Sekikawa, “Spatiotemporal characterization of single-order high harmonic pulses from time-compensated toroidal-grating monochromator,” Opt. Express18(6), 6071–6078 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-6-6071 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Sekikawa, T. Okamoto, E. Haraguchi, M. Yamashita, and T. Nakajima, “Two-photon resonant excitation of a doubly excited state in He atoms by high-harmonic pulses,” Opt. Express16(26), 21922–21929 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-26-21922 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Nugent-Glandorf, M. Scheer, D. A. Samuels, A. M. Mulhisen, E. R. Grant, X. Yang, V. M. Bierbaum, and S. R. Leone, “Ultrafast time-resolved soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of dissociating Br2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett.87(19), 193002 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Wang, M. Chini, S. Chen, C.-H. Zhang, F. He, Y. Cheng, Y. Wu, U. Thumm, and Z. Chang, “Attosecond time-resolved autoionization of argon,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105(14), 143002 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Li, X. Zhou, R. Lock, S. Patchkovskii, A. Stolow, H. C. Kapteyn, and M. M. Murnane, “Time-resolved dynamics in N2O4 probed using high harmonic generation,” Science322(5905), 1207–1211 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Appl. Opt.
- P. Villoresi, “Compensation of optical path lengths in extreme-ultraviolet and soft-x-ray monochromators for ultrafast pulses,” Appl. Opt.38(28), 6040–6049 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto and F. Frassetto, “Time-preserving grating monochromators for ultrafast extreme-ultraviolet pulses,” Appl. Opt.49(28), 5465–5473 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto, “Tolerances of time-delay-compensated monochromators for extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulses,” Appl. Opt.48(23), 4526–4535 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B
- T. Sekikawa, T. Yamazaki, Y. Nabekawa, and S. Watanabe, “Femtosecond Lattice Relaxation Induced by Inner-Shell Excitation,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B19(8), 1941–1945 (2002). [CrossRef]
Nature
- T. Sekikawa, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet,” Nature432(7017), 605–608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Uiberacker, T. Uphues, M. Schultze, A. J. Verhoef, V. Yakovlev, M. F. Kling, J. Rauschenberger, N. M. Kabachnik, H. Schröder, M. Lezius, K. L. Kompa, H.-G. Muller, M. J. J. Vrakking, S. Hendel, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Attosecond real-time observation of electron tunnelling in atoms,” Nature446(7136), 627–632 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Express
- T. Sekikawa, T. Okamoto, E. Haraguchi, M. Yamashita, and T. Nakajima, “Two-photon resonant excitation of a doubly excited state in He atoms by high-harmonic pulses,” Opt. Express16(26), 21922–21929 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-26-21922 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ito, Y. Kataoka, T. Okamoto, M. Yamashita, and T. Sekikawa, “Spatiotemporal characterization of single-order high harmonic pulses from time-compensated toroidal-grating monochromator,” Opt. Express18(6), 6071–6078 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-6-6071 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Frassetto, C. Cacho, C. A. Froud, I. C. E. Turcu, P. Villoresi, W. A. Bryan, E. Springate, and L. Poletto, “Single-grating monochromator for extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulses,” Opt. Express19(20), 19169–19181 (2011), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-20-19169 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Frassetto, P. Villoresi, and L. Poletto, “Optical concept of a compressor for XUV pulses in the attosecond domain,” Opt. Express16(9), 6652–6667 (2008), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-16-9-6652 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Opt. Lett.
- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, S. Stagira, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Intense femtosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses by using a time-delay-compensated monochromator,” Opt. Lett.32(19), 2897–2899 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, E. Benedetti, F. Ferrari, S. Stagira, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Intense femtosecond extreme ultraviolet pulses by using a time-delay-compensated monochromator: erratum,” Opt. Lett.33(2), 140–140 (2008). [CrossRef]
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
- P. Wernet, “Electronic structure in real time: mapping valence electron rearrangements during chemical reactions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.13(38), 16941–16954 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Phys. Rev. A
- M. Lewenstein, P. Balcou, M. Y. Ivanov, A. L’Huillier, and P. B. Corkum, “Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields,” Phys. Rev. A49(3), 2117–2132 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Phys. Rev. Lett.
- E. Constant, D. Garzella, P. Breger, E. Mével, C. Dorrer, C. Le Blanc, F. Salin, and P. Agostini, “Optimizing high harmonic generation in absorbing gases: model and experiment,” Phys. Rev. Lett.82(8), 1668–1671 (1999). [CrossRef]
- Y. Tamaki, Y. Nagata, M. Obara, and K. Midorikawa, “Phase-matched high-order-harmonic generation in a gas-filled hollow fiber,” Phys. Rev. Lett.59, 4041 (1999).
- T. E. Glover, R. W. Schoenlein, A. H. Chin, and C. V. Shank, “Observation of laser assisted photoelectric effect and femtosecond high order harmonic radiation,” Phys. Rev. Lett.76(14), 2468–2471 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Nugent-Glandorf, M. Scheer, D. A. Samuels, A. M. Mulhisen, E. R. Grant, X. Yang, V. M. Bierbaum, and S. R. Leone, “Ultrafast time-resolved soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of dissociating Br2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett.87(19), 193002 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Wernet, M. Odelius, K. Godehusen, J. Gaudin, O. Schwarzkopf, and W. Eberhardt, “Real-time evolution of the valence electronic structure in a dissociating molecule,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103(1), 013001 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Shimizu, T. Sekikawa, T. Kanai, S. Watanabe, and M. Itoh, “Time-resolved Auger decay in CsBr using high harmonics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.91(1), 017401 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Nabekawa, T. Shimizu, Y. Furukawa, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Interferometry of attosecond pulse trains in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(21), 213904 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Wang, M. Chini, S. Chen, C.-H. Zhang, F. He, Y. Cheng, Y. Wu, U. Thumm, and Z. Chang, “Attosecond time-resolved autoionization of argon,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105(14), 143002 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Rev. Mod. Phys.
- F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys.81(1), 163–234 (2009). [CrossRef]
Rev. Sci. Instrum.
- G. L. Dakovski, Y. Li, T. Durakiewicz, and G. Rodriguez, “Tunable ultrafast extreme ultraviolet source for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.81(7), 073108 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, F. Frassetto, F. Calegari, F. Ferrari, M. Lucchini, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Time-delay compensated monochromator for the spectral selection of extreme-ultraviolet high-order laser harmonics,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80(12), 123109 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Haight and D. R. Peale, “Tunable photoemission with harmonics of subpicosecond lasers,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.65(6), 1853–1857 (1994). [CrossRef]
- L. Nugent-Glandorf, M. Scheer, D. A. Samuels, V. M. Bierbaum, and S. R. Leone, “A laser-based instrument for the study of ultrafast chemical dynamics by soft x-ray-probe photoelectron spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.73(4), 1875–1886 (2002). [CrossRef]
Science
- W. Li, X. Zhou, R. Lock, S. Patchkovskii, A. Stolow, H. C. Kapteyn, and M. M. Murnane, “Time-resolved dynamics in N2O4 probed using high harmonic generation,” Science322(5905), 1207–1211 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Rundquist, C. G. Durfee, Z. Chang, C. Herne, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays,” Science280(5368), 1412–1415 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
2011, Frassetto, Opt. Express
- F. Frassetto, C. Cacho, C. A. Froud, I. C. E. Turcu, P. Villoresi, W. A. Bryan, E. Springate, and L. Poletto, “Single-grating monochromator for extreme-ultraviolet ultrashort pulses,” Opt. Express19(20), 19169–19181 (2011), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-19-20-19169 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Wernet, “Electronic structure in real time: mapping valence electron rearrangements during chemical reactions,” Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.13(38), 16941–16954 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Ito, Y. Kataoka, T. Okamoto, M. Yamashita, and T. Sekikawa, “Spatiotemporal characterization of single-order high harmonic pulses from time-compensated toroidal-grating monochromator,” Opt. Express18(6), 6071–6078 (2010), http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-18-6-6071 . [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- G. L. Dakovski, Y. Li, T. Durakiewicz, and G. Rodriguez, “Tunable ultrafast extreme ultraviolet source for time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.81(7), 073108 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- H. Wang, M. Chini, S. Chen, C.-H. Zhang, F. He, Y. Cheng, Y. Wu, U. Thumm, and Z. Chang, “Attosecond time-resolved autoionization of argon,” Phys. Rev. Lett.105(14), 143002 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. Krausz and M. Ivanov, “Attosecond physics,” Rev. Mod. Phys.81(1), 163–234 (2009). [CrossRef]
- P. Wernet, M. Odelius, K. Godehusen, J. Gaudin, O. Schwarzkopf, and W. Eberhardt, “Real-time evolution of the valence electronic structure in a dissociating molecule,” Phys. Rev. Lett.103(1), 013001 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Poletto, P. Villoresi, F. Frassetto, F. Calegari, F. Ferrari, M. Lucchini, G. Sansone, and M. Nisoli, “Time-delay compensated monochromator for the spectral selection of extreme-ultraviolet high-order laser harmonics,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.80(12), 123109 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Nabekawa, T. Shimizu, Y. Furukawa, E. J. Takahashi, and K. Midorikawa, “Interferometry of attosecond pulse trains in the extreme ultraviolet wavelength region,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102(21), 213904 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- W. Li, X. Zhou, R. Lock, S. Patchkovskii, A. Stolow, H. C. Kapteyn, and M. M. Murnane, “Time-resolved dynamics in N2O4 probed using high harmonic generation,” Science322(5905), 1207–1211 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Uiberacker, T. Uphues, M. Schultze, A. J. Verhoef, V. Yakovlev, M. F. Kling, J. Rauschenberger, N. M. Kabachnik, H. Schröder, M. Lezius, K. L. Kompa, H.-G. Muller, M. J. J. Vrakking, S. Hendel, U. Kleineberg, U. Heinzmann, M. Drescher, and F. Krausz, “Attosecond real-time observation of electron tunnelling in atoms,” Nature446(7136), 627–632 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Sekikawa, A. Kosuge, T. Kanai, and S. Watanabe, “Nonlinear optics in the extreme ultraviolet,” Nature432(7017), 605–608 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. Shimizu, T. Sekikawa, T. Kanai, S. Watanabe, and M. Itoh, “Time-resolved Auger decay in CsBr using high harmonics,” Phys. Rev. Lett.91(1), 017401 (2003). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- L. Nugent-Glandorf, M. Scheer, D. A. Samuels, V. M. Bierbaum, and S. R. Leone, “A laser-based instrument for the study of ultrafast chemical dynamics by soft x-ray-probe photoelectron spectroscopy,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.73(4), 1875–1886 (2002). [CrossRef]
- L. Nugent-Glandorf, M. Scheer, D. A. Samuels, A. M. Mulhisen, E. R. Grant, X. Yang, V. M. Bierbaum, and S. R. Leone, “Ultrafast time-resolved soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of dissociating Br2.,” Phys. Rev. Lett.87(19), 193002 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Y. Tamaki, Y. Nagata, M. Obara, and K. Midorikawa, “Phase-matched high-order-harmonic generation in a gas-filled hollow fiber,” Phys. Rev. Lett.59, 4041 (1999).
- E. Constant, D. Garzella, P. Breger, E. Mével, C. Dorrer, C. Le Blanc, F. Salin, and P. Agostini, “Optimizing high harmonic generation in absorbing gases: model and experiment,” Phys. Rev. Lett.82(8), 1668–1671 (1999). [CrossRef]
- A. Rundquist, C. G. Durfee, Z. Chang, C. Herne, S. Backus, M. M. Murnane, and H. C. Kapteyn, “Phase-matched generation of coherent soft X-rays,” Science280(5368), 1412–1415 (1998). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- T. E. Glover, R. W. Schoenlein, A. H. Chin, and C. V. Shank, “Observation of laser assisted photoelectric effect and femtosecond high order harmonic radiation,” Phys. Rev. Lett.76(14), 2468–2471 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M. Lewenstein, P. Balcou, M. Y. Ivanov, A. L’Huillier, and P. B. Corkum, “Theory of high-harmonic generation by low-frequency laser fields,” Phys. Rev. A49(3), 2117–2132 (1994). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- R. Haight and D. R. Peale, “Tunable photoemission with harmonics of subpicosecond lasers,” Rev. Sci. Instrum.65(6), 1853–1857 (1994). [CrossRef]
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