Enhancing electromagnetically-induced transparency in a multilevel broadened medium

doi:10.1364/OE.20.004346

Enhancing electromagnetically-induced transparency in a multilevel broadened medium

M. Scherman, O. S. Mishina, P. Lombardi, E. Giacobino, and J. Laurat »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 4, pp. 4346-4351 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.004346

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Abstract

Electromagnetically-induced transparency has become an important tool to control the optical properties of dense media. However, in a broad class of systems, the interplay between inhomogeneous broadening and the existence of several excited levels may lead to a vanishing transparency. Here, by identifying the underlying physical mechanisms resulting in this effect, we show that transparency can be strongly enhanced. We thereby demonstrate a 5-fold enhancement in a room-temperature vapor of alkali-metal atoms via a specific shaping of the atomic velocity distribution.

OCIS Codes
(020.1670) Atomic and molecular physics : Coherent optical effects
(020.2930) Atomic and molecular physics : Hyperfine structure
(270.5585) Quantum optics : Quantum information and processing

ToC Category:
Atomic and Molecular Physics

History
Original Manuscript: December 5, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 25, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: January 28, 2012
Published: February 7, 2012

Citation
M. Scherman, O. S. Mishina, P. Lombardi, E. Giacobino, and J. Laurat, "Enhancing electromagnetically-induced transparency in a multilevel broadened medium," Opt. Express 20, 4346-4351 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-4-4346

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References

K.-J. Boller, A. Imamoglu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett.66, 2593–2596 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Fleischhauer, A. Imamoglu, and J. P. Marangos, “Electromagnetically induced transparency: optics in coherent media,” Rev. Mod. Phys.77, 633–673 (2005). [CrossRef]
L.V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, and C. H. Behrooz, “Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas,” Nature397, 594–598 (1999). [CrossRef]
C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature409, 490–493 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. F. Phillips, A. Fleischhauer, A. Mair, and R. L. Walsworth, “Storage of light in atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett.86, 783–786 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Chanelière, D. N. Matsukevich, S. D. Jenkins, S.-Y. Lan, T. A. B. Kennedy, and A. Kuzmich, “Storage and retrieval of single photons transmitted between remote quantum memories,” Nature438, 833–836 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. D. Eisaman, A. Andre, F. Massou, M. Fleischhauer, A. S. Zibrov, and M. D. Lukin, “Electromagnetically induced transparency with tunable single-photon pulses,” Nature438, 837–841 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature452, 67–71 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. Akamatsu, M. Arikawa, Y. Yokoi, K. Akiba, S. Nagatsuka, T. Tanimura, A. Furusawa, and M. Kozuma, “Storage and retrieval of a squeezed vacuum,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 093601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum memory for squeezed light,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 093602 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Cviklinski, J. Ortalo, J. Laurat, A. Bramati, M. Pinard, and E. Giacobino, “Reversible quantum interface for tunable single-sideband modulation,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 133601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Quantum optical memory,” Nature Photon.3, 706–714 (2009). [CrossRef]
K. Hammerer, A. S. Sorensen, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum interface between light and atomic ensembles,” Rev. Mod. Phys.82, 1041–1093 (2010). [CrossRef]
A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A57, 2996–3002 (1998). [CrossRef]
K. Li, L. Deng, and M. G. Payne, “Realization of a single and closed Λ-system in a room-temperature three-level coherently prepared resonant medium with narrow D1 hyperfine splittings,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95, 221103 (2009). [CrossRef]
C. Y. Ye and A. S. Zibrov, “Width of the electromagnetically induced transparency resonance in atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A65, 023806 (2002). [CrossRef]
M. M. Hossain, S. Mitra, S. Chakrabarti, D. Bhattacharyya, B. Ray, and P. N. Ghosh, “Study of width and height of EIT resonance in a Doppler broadened five-level system with varying probe power,” Eur. Phys. J. D53, 141–146 (2009). [CrossRef]
E. Figueroa, F. Vewinger, J. Appel, and A.I. Lvovsky, “Decoherence of electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic vapor,” Opt. Lett.31, 2625–2627 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
E. Cerboneschi and E. Arimondo, “Propagation and amplitude correlation of pairs of intense pulses interacting with a double-Λ system,” Phys. Rev. A54, 5400–5409 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. S. Sheremet, L. V. Gerasimov, I. M. Sokolov, D. V. Kupriyanov, O. S. Mishina, E. Giacobino, and J. Laurat, “Quantum memory for light via a stimulated off-resonant Raman process: Beyond the three-level Λ-scheme approximation,” Phys. Rev. A82, 033838 (2010). [CrossRef]
O.S. Mishina, M. Scherman, P. Lombardi, J. Ortalo, D. Felinto, A. S. Sheremet, A. Bramati, D. V. Kupriyanov, J. Laurat, and E. Giacobino, “Electromagnetically induced transparency in an inhomogeneously broadened Λ transition with multiple excited levels,” Phys. Rev. A83, 053809 (2011). [CrossRef]
D. A. Smith and I. G. Hughes, “The role of hyperfine pumping in multilevel systems exhibiting saturated absorption,” Am. J. Phys.72, 631 (2004). [CrossRef]
L. P. Macguire, R. M. W van Bijnen, E. Mese, and R. E. Scholten, “Theoretical calculation of saturated absorption spectra for multi-level atoms,” J. Phys. B39, 2709 (2006). [CrossRef]
T. Lindvall and I. Tittonen, “Interaction-time-averaged optical pumping in alkali-metal-atom Doppler spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. A80, 032505 (2009). [CrossRef]

Akamatsu, D.
Akiba, K.
Akulshin, A. M.
Andre, A.
Appel, J.
Arikawa, M.
Arimondo, E.
Barreiro, S.
Behrooz, C. H.
Behroozi, C. H.
Bhattacharyya, D.
Boller, K.-J.
Bramati, A.
Cerboneschi, E.
Chakrabarti, S.
Chanelière, T.
Choi, K. S.
Cviklinski, J.
Deng, H.
Deng, L.
Dutton, Z.
Eisaman, M. D.
Felinto, D.
Figueroa, E.
Fleischhauer, A.
Fleischhauer, M.
Furusawa, A.
Gerasimov, L. V.
Ghosh, P. N.
Giacobino, E.
Hammerer, K.
Harris, S. E.
Hau, L. V.
Hau, L.V.
Hossain, M. M.
Hughes, I. G.
Imamoglu, A.
Jenkins, S. D.
Kennedy, T. A. B.
Kimble, H. J.
Korystov, D.
Kozuma, M.
Kupriyanov, D. V.
Kuzmich, A.
Lan, S.-Y.
Laurat, J.
Lezama, A.
Li, K.
Lindvall, T.
Liu, C.
Lobino, M.
Lombardi, P.
Lukin, M. D.
Lvovsky, A. I.
Lvovsky, A.I.
Macguire, L. P.
Mair, A.
Marangos, J. P.
Massou, F.
Matsukevich, D. N.
Mese, E.
Mishina, O. S.
Mishina, O.S.
Mitra, S.
Nagatsuka, S.
Ortalo, J.
Payne, M. G.
Phillips, D. F.
Pinard, M.
Polzik, E. S.
Ray, B.
Sanders, B. C.
Scherman, M.
Scholten, R. E.
Sheremet, A. S.
Smith, D. A.
Sokolov, I. M.
Sorensen, A. S.
Tanimura, T.
Tittel, W.
Tittonen, I.
van Bijnen, R. M. W
Vewinger, F.
Walsworth, R. L.
Ye, C. Y.
Yokoi, Y.
Zibrov, A. S.

Am. J. Phys.

D. A. Smith and I. G. Hughes, “The role of hyperfine pumping in multilevel systems exhibiting saturated absorption,” Am. J. Phys.72, 631 (2004). [CrossRef]

Appl. Phys. Lett.

K. Li, L. Deng, and M. G. Payne, “Realization of a single and closed Λ-system in a room-temperature three-level coherently prepared resonant medium with narrow D1 hyperfine splittings,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95, 221103 (2009). [CrossRef]

Eur. Phys. J. D

M. M. Hossain, S. Mitra, S. Chakrabarti, D. Bhattacharyya, B. Ray, and P. N. Ghosh, “Study of width and height of EIT resonance in a Doppler broadened five-level system with varying probe power,” Eur. Phys. J. D53, 141–146 (2009). [CrossRef]

J. Phys. B

L. P. Macguire, R. M. W van Bijnen, E. Mese, and R. E. Scholten, “Theoretical calculation of saturated absorption spectra for multi-level atoms,” J. Phys. B39, 2709 (2006). [CrossRef]

Nature

L.V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, and C. H. Behrooz, “Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas,” Nature397, 594–598 (1999). [CrossRef]
C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature409, 490–493 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
T. Chanelière, D. N. Matsukevich, S. D. Jenkins, S.-Y. Lan, T. A. B. Kennedy, and A. Kuzmich, “Storage and retrieval of single photons transmitted between remote quantum memories,” Nature438, 833–836 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. D. Eisaman, A. Andre, F. Massou, M. Fleischhauer, A. S. Zibrov, and M. D. Lukin, “Electromagnetically induced transparency with tunable single-photon pulses,” Nature438, 837–841 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature452, 67–71 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Nature Photon.

A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Quantum optical memory,” Nature Photon.3, 706–714 (2009). [CrossRef]

Opt. Lett.

E. Figueroa, F. Vewinger, J. Appel, and A.I. Lvovsky, “Decoherence of electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic vapor,” Opt. Lett.31, 2625–2627 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Phys. Rev. A

E. Cerboneschi and E. Arimondo, “Propagation and amplitude correlation of pairs of intense pulses interacting with a double-Λ system,” Phys. Rev. A54, 5400–5409 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. S. Sheremet, L. V. Gerasimov, I. M. Sokolov, D. V. Kupriyanov, O. S. Mishina, E. Giacobino, and J. Laurat, “Quantum memory for light via a stimulated off-resonant Raman process: Beyond the three-level Λ-scheme approximation,” Phys. Rev. A82, 033838 (2010). [CrossRef]
O.S. Mishina, M. Scherman, P. Lombardi, J. Ortalo, D. Felinto, A. S. Sheremet, A. Bramati, D. V. Kupriyanov, J. Laurat, and E. Giacobino, “Electromagnetically induced transparency in an inhomogeneously broadened Λ transition with multiple excited levels,” Phys. Rev. A83, 053809 (2011). [CrossRef]
C. Y. Ye and A. S. Zibrov, “Width of the electromagnetically induced transparency resonance in atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A65, 023806 (2002). [CrossRef]
T. Lindvall and I. Tittonen, “Interaction-time-averaged optical pumping in alkali-metal-atom Doppler spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. A80, 032505 (2009). [CrossRef]
A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A57, 2996–3002 (1998). [CrossRef]

Phys. Rev. Lett.

D. Akamatsu, M. Arikawa, Y. Yokoi, K. Akiba, S. Nagatsuka, T. Tanimura, A. Furusawa, and M. Kozuma, “Storage and retrieval of a squeezed vacuum,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 093601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum memory for squeezed light,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 093602 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. Cviklinski, J. Ortalo, J. Laurat, A. Bramati, M. Pinard, and E. Giacobino, “Reversible quantum interface for tunable single-sideband modulation,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 133601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
D. F. Phillips, A. Fleischhauer, A. Mair, and R. L. Walsworth, “Storage of light in atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett.86, 783–786 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K.-J. Boller, A. Imamoglu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett.66, 2593–2596 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Rev. Mod. Phys.

M. Fleischhauer, A. Imamoglu, and J. P. Marangos, “Electromagnetically induced transparency: optics in coherent media,” Rev. Mod. Phys.77, 633–673 (2005). [CrossRef]
K. Hammerer, A. S. Sorensen, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum interface between light and atomic ensembles,” Rev. Mod. Phys.82, 1041–1093 (2010). [CrossRef]

2011, Mishina, Phys. Rev. A
2010, Sheremet, Phys. Rev. A
2010, Hammerer, Rev. Mod. Phys.
2009, Li, Appl. Phys. Lett.
2009, Lvovsky, Nature Photon.
2009, Lindvall, Phys. Rev. A
2009, Hossain, Eur. Phys. J. D
2008, Choi, Nature
2008, Akamatsu, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2008, Appel, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2008, Cviklinski, Phys. Rev. Lett.
2006, Figueroa, Opt. Lett.
2006, Macguire, J. Phys. B
2005, Fleischhauer, Rev. Mod. Phys.
2005, Chanelière, Nature
2005, Eisaman, Nature
2004, Smith, Am. J. Phys.
2002, Ye, Phys. Rev. A
2001, Liu, Nature
2001, Phillips, Phys. Rev. Lett.
1999, Hau, Nature
1998, Akulshin, Phys. Rev. A
1996, Cerboneschi, Phys. Rev. A
1991, Boller, Phys. Rev. Lett.

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[1] K.-J. Boller, A. Imamoglu, and S. E. Harris, “Observation of electromagnetically induced transparency,” Phys. Rev. Lett.66, 2593–2596 (1991). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[2] M. Fleischhauer, A. Imamoglu, and J. P. Marangos, “Electromagnetically induced transparency: optics in coherent media,” Rev. Mod. Phys.77, 633–673 (2005). [CrossRef]

[3] L.V. Hau, S. E. Harris, Z. Dutton, and C. H. Behrooz, “Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas,” Nature397, 594–598 (1999). [CrossRef]

[4] C. Liu, Z. Dutton, C. H. Behroozi, and L. V. Hau, “Observation of coherent optical information storage in an atomic medium using halted light pulses,” Nature409, 490–493 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] D. F. Phillips, A. Fleischhauer, A. Mair, and R. L. Walsworth, “Storage of light in atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. Lett.86, 783–786 (2001). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] T. Chanelière, D. N. Matsukevich, S. D. Jenkins, S.-Y. Lan, T. A. B. Kennedy, and A. Kuzmich, “Storage and retrieval of single photons transmitted between remote quantum memories,” Nature438, 833–836 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] M. D. Eisaman, A. Andre, F. Massou, M. Fleischhauer, A. S. Zibrov, and M. D. Lukin, “Electromagnetically induced transparency with tunable single-photon pulses,” Nature438, 837–841 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[8] K. S. Choi, H. Deng, J. Laurat, and H. J. Kimble, “Mapping photonic entanglement into and out of a quantum memory,” Nature452, 67–71 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] D. Akamatsu, M. Arikawa, Y. Yokoi, K. Akiba, S. Nagatsuka, T. Tanimura, A. Furusawa, and M. Kozuma, “Storage and retrieval of a squeezed vacuum,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 093601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[10] J. Appel, E. Figueroa, D. Korystov, M. Lobino, and A. I. Lvovsky, “Quantum memory for squeezed light,” Phys. Rev. Lett.100, 093602 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[11] J. Cviklinski, J. Ortalo, J. Laurat, A. Bramati, M. Pinard, and E. Giacobino, “Reversible quantum interface for tunable single-sideband modulation,” Phys. Rev. Lett.101, 133601 (2008). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[12] A. I. Lvovsky, B. C. Sanders, and W. Tittel, “Quantum optical memory,” Nature Photon.3, 706–714 (2009). [CrossRef]

[13] K. Hammerer, A. S. Sorensen, and E. S. Polzik, “Quantum interface between light and atomic ensembles,” Rev. Mod. Phys.82, 1041–1093 (2010). [CrossRef]

[14] A. M. Akulshin, S. Barreiro, and A. Lezama, “Electromagnetically induced absorption and transparency due to resonant two-field excitation of quasidegenerate levels in Rb vapor,” Phys. Rev. A57, 2996–3002 (1998). [CrossRef]

[15] K. Li, L. Deng, and M. G. Payne, “Realization of a single and closed Λ-system in a room-temperature three-level coherently prepared resonant medium with narrow D1 hyperfine splittings,” Appl. Phys. Lett.95, 221103 (2009). [CrossRef]

[16] C. Y. Ye and A. S. Zibrov, “Width of the electromagnetically induced transparency resonance in atomic vapor,” Phys. Rev. A65, 023806 (2002). [CrossRef]

[17] M. M. Hossain, S. Mitra, S. Chakrabarti, D. Bhattacharyya, B. Ray, and P. N. Ghosh, “Study of width and height of EIT resonance in a Doppler broadened five-level system with varying probe power,” Eur. Phys. J. D53, 141–146 (2009). [CrossRef]

[18] E. Figueroa, F. Vewinger, J. Appel, and A.I. Lvovsky, “Decoherence of electromagnetically induced transparency in atomic vapor,” Opt. Lett.31, 2625–2627 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[19] E. Cerboneschi and E. Arimondo, “Propagation and amplitude correlation of pairs of intense pulses interacting with a double-Λ system,” Phys. Rev. A54, 5400–5409 (1996). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[20] A. S. Sheremet, L. V. Gerasimov, I. M. Sokolov, D. V. Kupriyanov, O. S. Mishina, E. Giacobino, and J. Laurat, “Quantum memory for light via a stimulated off-resonant Raman process: Beyond the three-level Λ-scheme approximation,” Phys. Rev. A82, 033838 (2010). [CrossRef]

[21] O.S. Mishina, M. Scherman, P. Lombardi, J. Ortalo, D. Felinto, A. S. Sheremet, A. Bramati, D. V. Kupriyanov, J. Laurat, and E. Giacobino, “Electromagnetically induced transparency in an inhomogeneously broadened Λ transition with multiple excited levels,” Phys. Rev. A83, 053809 (2011). [CrossRef]

[22] D. A. Smith and I. G. Hughes, “The role of hyperfine pumping in multilevel systems exhibiting saturated absorption,” Am. J. Phys.72, 631 (2004). [CrossRef]

[23] L. P. Macguire, R. M. W van Bijnen, E. Mese, and R. E. Scholten, “Theoretical calculation of saturated absorption spectra for multi-level atoms,” J. Phys. B39, 2709 (2006). [CrossRef]

[24] T. Lindvall and I. Tittonen, “Interaction-time-averaged optical pumping in alkali-metal-atom Doppler spectroscopy,” Phys. Rev. A80, 032505 (2009). [CrossRef]

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Enhancing electromagnetically-induced transparency in a multilevel broadened medium

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Abstract

References

Am. J. Phys.

Appl. Phys. Lett.

Eur. Phys. J. D

J. Phys. B

Nature

Nature Photon.

Opt. Lett.

Phys. Rev. A

Phys. Rev. Lett.

Rev. Mod. Phys.

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