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Directional excitation of surface plasmon polaritons via nanoslits under varied incidence observed using leakage radiation microscopyYannick Sonnefraud, Sarp Kerman, Giuliana Di Martino, Dang Yuan Lei, and Stefan A. Maier »View Author Affiliations
Yannick Sonnefraud,*
Sarp Kerman,
Giuliana Di Martino,
Dang Yuan Lei,
and Stefan A. Maier
Experimental Solid State Group, Physics Department, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK *Corresponding author: y.sonnefraud@imperial.ac.uk |
Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 5, pp. 4893-4902 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.004893
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Abstract
Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPPs) are excited at the interface between a thin gold film and air via the illumination of nanoslits etched into the film. The coupling efficiency to the two propagation directions away from the slits is determined by leakage radiation microscopy, when the angle of incidence of the pump beam is changed from 0° to 20°. We find that preferential coupling of SPPs into one direction can be achieved for non-normal incidence in the case of single slits and slit pairs. The proportion of SPP excited into one direction can be in excess of 90%. We further provide a simple model of the process, and directly compare the performances of the two approaches.
© 2012 OSA
OCIS Codes
(070.0070) Fourier optics and signal processing : Fourier optics and signal processing
(180.0180) Microscopy : Microscopy
(240.6680) Optics at surfaces : Surface plasmons
ToC Category:
Optics at Surfaces
History
Original Manuscript: December 9, 2011
Revised Manuscript: January 5, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: January 9, 2012
Published: February 13, 2012
Virtual Issues
Vol. 7, Iss. 4 Virtual Journal for Biomedical Optics
Citation
Yannick Sonnefraud, Sarp Kerman, Giuliana Di Martino, Dang Yuan Lei, and Stefan A. Maier, "Directional excitation of surface plasmon polaritons via nanoslits under varied incidence observed using leakage radiation microscopy," Opt. Express 20, 4893-4902 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-5-4893
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References
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- J.-Y. Laluet, E. Devaux, C. Genet, T. W. Ebbesen, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Optimization of surface plasmons launching from subwavelength hole arrays: modelling and experiments,” Opt. Express15, 3488–3495 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- D. Egorov, B. S. Dennis, G. Blumberg, and M. I. Haftel, “Two-dimensional control of surface plasmons and directional beaming from arrays of subwavelength apertures,” Phys. Rev. B70, 033404 (2004). [CrossRef]
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- T. Xu, Y. Zhao, D. Gan, C. Wang, C. Du, and X. Luo, “Directional excitation of surface plasmons with subwave-length slits,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 101501 (2008). [CrossRef]
- I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, G. Brucoli, L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, and A. Boltasseva, “Efficient unidirectional ridge excitation of surface plasmons,” Opt. Express17, 7228–7232 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- F. López-Tejeira, S. G. Rodrigo, L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, J. R. Krenn, I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, M. U. González, J. C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Efficient unidirectional nanoslit couplers for surface plasmons,” Nat. Phys.3, 324 (2007). [CrossRef]
- H. F. Schouten, N. Kuzmin, G. Dubois, T. D. Visser, G. Gbur, P. F. A. Alkemade, H. Blok, G. W. t. Hooft, D. Lenstra, and E. R. Eliel, “Plasmon-assisted two-slit transmission: Young’s experiment revisited,” Phys. Rev. Lett.94, 053901 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- A. Baron, E. Devaux, J.-C. Rodier, J.-P. Hugonin, E. Rousseau, C. Genet, T. W. Ebbesen, and P. Lalanne, “Compact antenna for efficient and unidirectional launching and decoupling of surface plasmons,” Nano Lett.11, 4207–4212 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- J.-Y. Laluet, E. Devaux, C. Genet, T. W. Ebbesen, J.-C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Optimization of surface plasmons launching from subwavelength hole arrays: modelling and experiments,” Opt. Express15, 3488–3495 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Wang, L. Aigouy, E. Bourhis, J. Gierak, J. P. Hugonin, and P. Lalanne, “Efficient generation of surface plasmon by single-nanoslit illumination under highly oblique incidence,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94, 011114 (2009). [CrossRef]
- J. Chen, Z. Li, S. Yue, and Q. Gong, “Ultracompact surface-plasmon-polariton splitter based on modulations of quasicylindrical waves to the total field,” J. Appl. Phys.109, 073102 (2011). [CrossRef]
- J. Chen, Z. Li, S. Yue, and Q. Gong, “Efficient unidirectional generation of surface plasmon polaritons with asymmetric single-nanoslit,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97, 041113 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M.-D. He, Z.-Q. Gong, S. Li, Y.-F. Luo, J.-Q. Liu, and X. Chen, “Plasmonic coupler based on the nanoslit with bump,” Opt. Commun.284, 368 – 372 (2011). [CrossRef]
- F. López-Tejeira, S. G. Rodrigo, L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, J. R. Krenn, I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, M. U. González, J. C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Efficient unidirectional nanoslit couplers for surface plasmons,” Nat. Phys.3, 324 (2007). [CrossRef]
- A. Bouhelier, T. Huser, H. Tamaru, H.-J. Güntherodt, D. W. Pohl, F. I. Baida, and D. Van Labeke, “Plasmon optics of structured silver films,” Phys. Rev. B63, 155404 (2001). [CrossRef]
- D. Egorov, B. S. Dennis, G. Blumberg, and M. I. Haftel, “Two-dimensional control of surface plasmons and directional beaming from arrays of subwavelength apertures,” Phys. Rev. B70, 033404 (2004). [CrossRef]
- D.-S. Kim, J. Heo, S.-H. Ahn, S. W. Han, W. S. Yun, and Z. H. Kim, “Real-space mapping of the strongly coupled plasmons of nanoparticle dimers,” Nano. Lett.9, 3619–3625 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- M.-D. He, Z.-Q. Gong, S. Li, Y.-F. Luo, J.-Q. Liu, and X. Chen, “Plasmonic coupler based on the nanoslit with bump,” Opt. Commun.284, 368 – 372 (2011). [CrossRef]
- D.-S. Kim, J. Heo, S.-H. Ahn, S. W. Han, W. S. Yun, and Z. H. Kim, “Real-space mapping of the strongly coupled plasmons of nanoparticle dimers,” Nano. Lett.9, 3619–3625 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Bai, X. Meng, J. Laukkanen, T. Sfez, L. Yu, W. Nakagawa, H. P. Herzig, L. Li, and J. Turunen, “Asymmetrical excitation of surface plasmon polaritons on blazed gratings at normal incidence,” Phys. Rev. B80, 035407 (2009). [CrossRef]
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Appl. Phys. Lett.
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Mat. Sci. Eng. B
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Opt. Express
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- X. Li, Q. Tan, B. Bai, and G. Jin, “Experimental demonstration of tunable directional excitation of surface plasmon polaritons with a subwavelength metallic double slit,” Appl. Phys. Lett.98, 251109 (2011). [CrossRef]
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- J. Chen, Z. Li, S. Yue, and Q. Gong, “Efficient unidirectional generation of surface plasmon polaritons with asymmetric single-nanoslit,” Appl. Phys. Lett.97, 041113 (2010). [CrossRef]
- M. L. Brongersma and V. M. Shalaev, “The case for plasmonics,” Science328, 440–441 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- B. Bai, X. Meng, J. Laukkanen, T. Sfez, L. Yu, W. Nakagawa, H. P. Herzig, L. Li, and J. Turunen, “Asymmetrical excitation of surface plasmon polaritons on blazed gratings at normal incidence,” Phys. Rev. B80, 035407 (2009). [CrossRef]
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- B. Wang, L. Aigouy, E. Bourhis, J. Gierak, J. P. Hugonin, and P. Lalanne, “Efficient generation of surface plasmon by single-nanoslit illumination under highly oblique incidence,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94, 011114 (2009). [CrossRef]
- X. Y. Yang, H. T. Liu, and P. Lalanne, “Cross conversion between surface plasmon polaritons and quasicylindrical waves,” Phys. Rev. Lett.102, 153903 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
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- H. W. Kihm, K. G. Lee, D. S. Kim, J. H. Kang, and Q.-H. Park, “Control of surface plasmon generation efficiency by slit-width tuning,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 051115 (2008). [CrossRef]
- T. Xu, Y. Zhao, D. Gan, C. Wang, C. Du, and X. Luo, “Directional excitation of surface plasmons with subwave-length slits,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92, 101501 (2008). [CrossRef]
- H. Liu, P. Lalanne, X. Yang, and J.-P. Hugonin, “Surface plasmon generation by subwavelength isolated objects,” IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron.14, 1522 (2008). [CrossRef]
- F. López-Tejeira, S. G. Rodrigo, L. Martín-Moreno, F. J. García-Vidal, E. Devaux, T. W. Ebbesen, J. R. Krenn, I. P. Radko, S. I. Bozhevolnyi, M. U. González, J. C. Weeber, and A. Dereux, “Efficient unidirectional nanoslit couplers for surface plasmons,” Nat. Phys.3, 324 (2007). [CrossRef]
- S. Maier, “Effective mode volume of nanoscale plasmon cavities,” Opt. Quantum Electron.38, 257–267 (2006). [CrossRef]
- A. Drezet, A. Hohenau, A. L. Stepanov, H. Ditlbacher, B. Steinberger, N. Galler, F. R. Aussenegg, A. Leitner, and J. R. Krenn, “How to erase surface plasmon fringes,” Appl. Phys. Lett.89, 091117 (2006). [CrossRef]
- H. F. Schouten, N. Kuzmin, G. Dubois, T. D. Visser, G. Gbur, P. F. A. Alkemade, H. Blok, G. W. t. Hooft, D. Lenstra, and E. R. Eliel, “Plasmon-assisted two-slit transmission: Young’s experiment revisited,” Phys. Rev. Lett.94, 053901 (2005). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- P. Lalanne, J. P. Hugonin, and J. C. Rodier, “Theory of surface plasmon generation at nanoslit apertures,” Phys. Rev. Lett.95, 263902 (2005). [CrossRef]
- D. Egorov, B. S. Dennis, G. Blumberg, and M. I. Haftel, “Two-dimensional control of surface plasmons and directional beaming from arrays of subwavelength apertures,” Phys. Rev. B70, 033404 (2004). [CrossRef]
- A. Bouhelier, T. Huser, H. Tamaru, H.-J. Güntherodt, D. W. Pohl, F. I. Baida, and D. Van Labeke, “Plasmon optics of structured silver films,” Phys. Rev. B63, 155404 (2001). [CrossRef]
- P. B. Johnson and R. W. Christy, “Optical constants of the noble metals,” Phys. Rev. B6, 4370–4379 (1972). [CrossRef]
- A. Roszkiewicz and W. Nasalski, “Unidirectional SPP excitation at asymmetrical two-layered metal gratings,” J. Phys. B43, 185401 (2010).
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