Coaxial waveguide mode reconstruction and analysis with THz digital holography

doi:10.1364/OE.20.007706

Coaxial waveguide mode reconstruction and analysis with THz digital holography

Xinke Wang, Wei Xiong, Wenfeng Sun, and Yan Zhang »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 7, pp. 7706-7715 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.007706

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Abstract

Terahertz (THz) digital holography is employed to investigate the properties of waveguides. By using a THz digital holographic imaging system, the propagation modes of a metallic coaxial waveguide are measured and the mode patterns are restored with the inverse Fresnel diffraction algorithm. The experimental results show that the THz propagation mode inside the waveguide is a combination of four modes TE₁₁, TE₁₂, TM₁₁, and TM₁₂, which are in good agreement with the simulation results. In this work, THz digital holography presents its strong potential as a platform for waveguide mode charactering. The experimental findings provide a valuable reference for the design of THz waveguides.

OCIS Codes
(230.7370) Optical devices : Waveguides
(090.1995) Holography : Digital holography
(110.6795) Imaging systems : Terahertz imaging

ToC Category:
Imaging Systems

History
Original Manuscript: January 10, 2012
Revised Manuscript: February 24, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: February 28, 2012
Published: March 20, 2012

Citation
Xinke Wang, Wei Xiong, Wenfeng Sun, and Yan Zhang, "Coaxial waveguide mode reconstruction and analysis with THz digital holography," Opt. Express 20, 7706-7715 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-7-7706

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References

G. Gallot, S. P. Jamison, R. W. McGowan, and D. Grischkowsky, “Terahertz waveguides,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B17(5), 851–863 (2000). [CrossRef]
M. Nagel, A. Marchewka, and H. Kurz, “Low-index discontinuity terahertz waveguides,” Opt. Express14(21), 9944–9954 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
C. H. Lai, Y. C. Hsueh, H. W. Chen, Y. J. Huang, H. C. Chang, and C. K. Sun, “Low-index terahertz pipe waveguides,” Opt. Lett.34(21), 3457–3459 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
J. T. Lu, Y. C. Hsueh, Y. R. Huang, Y. J. Hwang, and C. K. Sun, “Bending loss of terahertz pipe waveguides,” Opt. Express18(25), 26332–26338 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
K. L. Wang and D. M. Mittleman, “Metal wires for terahertz wave guiding,” Nature432(7015), 376–379 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
H. Zhan, R. Mendis, and D. M. Mittleman, “Superfocusing terahertz waves below λ/250 using plasmonic parallel-plate waveguides,” Opt. Express18(9), 9643–9650 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
O. Mitrofanov, T. Tan, P. R. Mark, B. Bowden, and J. A. Harrington, “Waveguide mode imaging and dispersion analysis with terahertz near-field microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94(17), 171104 (2009). [CrossRef]
M. Rozé, B. Ung, A. Mazhorova, M. Walther, and M. Skorobogatiy, “Suspended core subwavelength fibers: towards practical designs for low-loss terahertz guidance,” Opt. Express19(10), 9127–9138 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
A. Thoma and T. Dekorsy, “Influence of tip-sample interaction in a time-domain terahertz scattering near field scanning microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(25), 251103 (2008). [CrossRef]
Q. Wu, T. D. Hewitt, and X. C. Zhang, “Two-dimensional electro-optic imaging of THz beams,” Appl. Phys. Lett.69(8), 1026–1028 (1996). [CrossRef]
Z. P. Jiang and X. C. Zhang, “2D measurement and spatio-temporal coupling of few-cycle THz pulses,” Opt. Express5(11), 243–248 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, W. F. Sun, Y. Zhang, and C. L. Zhang, “Terahertz pulse reflective focal-plane tomography,” Opt. Express15(22), 14369–14375 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, W. F. Sun, J. S. Ye, and Y. Zhang, “Terahertz polarization real-time imaging based on balanced electro-optic detection,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A27(11), 2387–2393 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Y. Zhang, W. H. Zhou, X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, and W. F. Sun, “Terahertz digital holography,” Strain44(5), 380–385 (2008). [CrossRef]
M. S. Heimbeck, M. K. Kim, D. A. Gregory, and H. O. Everitt, “Terahertz digital holography using angular spectrum and dual wavelength reconstruction methods,” Opt. Express19(10), 9192–9200 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
M. Ibanescu, Y. Fink, S. Fan, E. L. Thomas, and J. D. Joannopoulos, “An all-dielectric coaxial waveguide,” Science289(5478), 415–419 (2000). [CrossRef]
F. I. Baida, A. Belkhir, D. Van Labeke, and O. Lamrous, “Subwavelength metallic coaxial waveguides in the optical range: Role of the plasmonic modes,” Phys. Rev. B74(20), 205419 (2006). [CrossRef]
T. I. Jeon and D. Grischkowsky, “Direct optoelectronic generation and detection of sub-ps-electrical pulses on sub-mm-coaxial transmission lines,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(25), 6092–6094 (2004). [CrossRef]
X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, W. F. Sun, J. S. Ye, and Y. Zhang, “Terahertz real-time imaging with balanced electro-optic detection,” Opt. Commun.283(23), 4626–4632 (2010). [CrossRef]
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J. W. Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996), Chap. 4.
N. Marcuvitz, Waveguide Handbook (Peter Peregrinus, London, 1993), Chap. 2.
A. Agrawal and A. Nahata, “Coupling terahertz radiation onto a metal wire using a subwavelength coaxial aperture,” Opt. Express15(14), 9022–9028 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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[1] G. Gallot, S. P. Jamison, R. W. McGowan, and D. Grischkowsky, “Terahertz waveguides,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B17(5), 851–863 (2000). [CrossRef]

[2] M. Nagel, A. Marchewka, and H. Kurz, “Low-index discontinuity terahertz waveguides,” Opt. Express14(21), 9944–9954 (2006). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[3] C. H. Lai, Y. C. Hsueh, H. W. Chen, Y. J. Huang, H. C. Chang, and C. K. Sun, “Low-index terahertz pipe waveguides,” Opt. Lett.34(21), 3457–3459 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[4] J. T. Lu, Y. C. Hsueh, Y. R. Huang, Y. J. Hwang, and C. K. Sun, “Bending loss of terahertz pipe waveguides,” Opt. Express18(25), 26332–26338 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[5] K. L. Wang and D. M. Mittleman, “Metal wires for terahertz wave guiding,” Nature432(7015), 376–379 (2004). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[6] H. Zhan, R. Mendis, and D. M. Mittleman, “Superfocusing terahertz waves below λ/250 using plasmonic parallel-plate waveguides,” Opt. Express18(9), 9643–9650 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[7] O. Mitrofanov, T. Tan, P. R. Mark, B. Bowden, and J. A. Harrington, “Waveguide mode imaging and dispersion analysis with terahertz near-field microscopy,” Appl. Phys. Lett.94(17), 171104 (2009). [CrossRef]

[8] M. Rozé, B. Ung, A. Mazhorova, M. Walther, and M. Skorobogatiy, “Suspended core subwavelength fibers: towards practical designs for low-loss terahertz guidance,” Opt. Express19(10), 9127–9138 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[9] A. Thoma and T. Dekorsy, “Influence of tip-sample interaction in a time-domain terahertz scattering near field scanning microscope,” Appl. Phys. Lett.92(25), 251103 (2008). [CrossRef]

[10] Q. Wu, T. D. Hewitt, and X. C. Zhang, “Two-dimensional electro-optic imaging of THz beams,” Appl. Phys. Lett.69(8), 1026–1028 (1996). [CrossRef]

[11] Z. P. Jiang and X. C. Zhang, “2D measurement and spatio-temporal coupling of few-cycle THz pulses,” Opt. Express5(11), 243–248 (1999). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[12] X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, W. F. Sun, Y. Zhang, and C. L. Zhang, “Terahertz pulse reflective focal-plane tomography,” Opt. Express15(22), 14369–14375 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[13] X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, W. F. Sun, J. S. Ye, and Y. Zhang, “Terahertz polarization real-time imaging based on balanced electro-optic detection,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. A27(11), 2387–2393 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[14] Y. Zhang, W. H. Zhou, X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, and W. F. Sun, “Terahertz digital holography,” Strain44(5), 380–385 (2008). [CrossRef]

[15] M. S. Heimbeck, M. K. Kim, D. A. Gregory, and H. O. Everitt, “Terahertz digital holography using angular spectrum and dual wavelength reconstruction methods,” Opt. Express19(10), 9192–9200 (2011). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

[16] M. Ibanescu, Y. Fink, S. Fan, E. L. Thomas, and J. D. Joannopoulos, “An all-dielectric coaxial waveguide,” Science289(5478), 415–419 (2000). [CrossRef]

[17] F. I. Baida, A. Belkhir, D. Van Labeke, and O. Lamrous, “Subwavelength metallic coaxial waveguides in the optical range: Role of the plasmonic modes,” Phys. Rev. B74(20), 205419 (2006). [CrossRef]

[18] T. I. Jeon and D. Grischkowsky, “Direct optoelectronic generation and detection of sub-ps-electrical pulses on sub-mm-coaxial transmission lines,” Appl. Phys. Lett.85(25), 6092–6094 (2004). [CrossRef]

[19] X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, W. F. Sun, J. S. Ye, and Y. Zhang, “Terahertz real-time imaging with balanced electro-optic detection,” Opt. Commun.283(23), 4626–4632 (2010). [CrossRef]

[20] X. K. Wang, Y. Cui, D. Hu, W. F. Sun, J. S. Ye, and Y. Zhang, “Terahertz quasi-near-field real-time imaging,” Opt. Commun.282(24), 4683–4687 (2009). [CrossRef]

[21] J. W. Goodman, Introduction to Fourier Optics, 2nd ed. (McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996), Chap. 4.

[22] N. Marcuvitz, Waveguide Handbook (Peter Peregrinus, London, 1993), Chap. 2.

[23] A. Agrawal and A. Nahata, “Coupling terahertz radiation onto a metal wire using a subwavelength coaxial aperture,” Opt. Express15(14), 9022–9028 (2007). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

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Coaxial waveguide mode reconstruction and analysis with THz digital holography