True time delays using conversion/dispersion with flat magnitude response for wideband analog RF signals

doi:10.1364/OE.20.008219

True time delays using conversion/dispersion with flat magnitude response for wideband analog RF signals

Omer F. Yilmaz, Lior Yaron, Salman Khaleghi, M. Reza Chitgarha, Moshe Tur, and Alan Willner »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 8, pp. 8219-8227 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.008219

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Abstract
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Abstract

We demonstrate optical true time delays using wavelength conversion coupled with chromatic dispersion. The transfer function of the delay system is investigated, and it is shown that 3-dB bandwidth of the system can be increased over 40 GHz by using offset pumps. A flat magnitude response (<1 dB peak-peak, 0.2 dB RMS deviation) is achieved in the 1-30 GHz band. Calculated matched filter output to LFM pulses shows good performance, maintaining a > 30 dB peak-to-sidelobe-ratio. The effect of pump depletion during wavelength conversion is also investigated.

OCIS Codes
(190.4410) Nonlinear optics : Nonlinear optics, parametric processes
(280.5110) Remote sensing and sensors : Phased-array radar
(060.5625) Fiber optics and optical communications : Radio frequency photonics

ToC Category:
Nonlinear Optics

History
Original Manuscript: March 20, 2012
Revised Manuscript: March 20, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: March 20, 2012
Published: March 26, 2012

Citation
Omer F. Yilmaz, Lior Yaron, Salman Khaleghi, M. Reza Chitgarha, Moshe Tur, and Alan Willner, "True time delays using conversion/dispersion with flat magnitude response for wideband analog RF signals," Opt. Express 20, 8219-8227 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-8-8219

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References

K. Willaims, “Microwave photonics,” Optical Fiber Communications Conference, Los Angeles, CA, SC160 (2011).
J. Capmany, J. Sancho, J. Lloret, I. Gasulla, and S. Sales, “Tunable phase-shift and true time delays using slow light techniques and devices,” European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC), Torino, Italy, WS9 (2010).
M. Skolnik, Radar Handbook (McGraw-Hill, 1990).
R. Rotman, O. Raz, and M. Tur, “Analysis of a true time delay photonic beamformer for transmission of a linear frequency modulated waveform,” J. Lightwave Technol.23(12), 4026–4036 (2005). [CrossRef]
S. Blanc, M. Alouini, K. Garenaux, M. Queguiner, and T. Merlet, “Optical multibeamforming network based on WDM and dispersion fiber in receive mode,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.54(1), 402–411 (2006). [CrossRef]
L. Yaron, R. Rotman, S. Zach, and M. Tur, “Photonic beamformer receiver with multiple beam capabilities,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.22(23), 1723–1725 (2010). [CrossRef]
R. D. Esman, M. Y. Frankel, J. L. Dexter, L. Goldberg, M. G. Parent, D. Stilwell, and D. G. Cooper, “Fiber-optic prism true time-delay antenna feed,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.5(11), 1347–1349 (1993). [CrossRef]
W. Ng, D. Yap, A. Narayanan, and A. Walston, “High-precision detector-switched monolithic GaAs time-delay network for the optical control of phased arrays,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.6(2), 231–234 (1994). [CrossRef]
J. L. Cruz, B. Ortega, M. V. Andrés, B. Gimeno, D. Pastor, J. Capmany, and L. Dong, “Chirped fiber Bragg gratings for phased array antennas,” Electron. Lett.33(7), 545–546 (1997). [CrossRef]
M. Y. Chen, H. Subbaraman, and R. T. Chen, “Photonic crystal fiber beamformer for multiple-band phased-array antenna transmissions,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.20(5), 375–377 (2008). [CrossRef]
O. Raz, R. Rotman, Y. Danziger, and M. Tur, “Implementation of photonic true time delay using high-order-mode dispersion compensating fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.16(5), 1367–1369 (2004). [CrossRef]
B. Juswardy, F. Xiao, and K. Alameh, “Opto-VLSI-based photonic true-time delay architecture for broadband adaptive nulling in phased array antennas,” Opt. Express17(6), 4773–4781 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Sylvain Combrié, Pierre Colman, Nguyen-Vy Quynh Tran, Jérome Bourderionnet, Alfredo DeRossi, Mark Patterson, Greg Demand, Stephen Hughes, Renaud Gabet, and Yves Jaouen, “Toward a miniature optical true-time delay line,” SPIE Newsroom, June 2010, DOI: 10.1117/2.1201005.002946 [CrossRef]
S. S. Maicas, F. Ohman, J. É. Capmany, and J. Mork, “Controlling microwave signals by means of slow and fast light effects in SOA-EA structures,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.19(20), 1589–1591 (2007). [CrossRef]
J. Sancho, M. Sanghoon Chin, A. Sagues, J. Loayssa, I. Lloret, S. Gasulla, L. Sales, Thévenaz, and J. Capmany, “Dynamic microwave photonic filter using separate carrier tuning based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.22(23), 1753–1755 (2010). [CrossRef]
S. R. Nuccio, O. F. Yilmaz, X. Wang, H. Huang, J. Wang, X. Wu, and A. E. Willner, “Higher-order dispersion compensation to enable a 3.6 micros wavelength-maintaining delay of a 100 Gb/s DQPSK signal,” Opt. Lett.35(17), 2985–2987 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]
O. F. Yilmaz, L. Yaron, S. Khaleghi, M. R. Chitgarha, M. Tur, and A. Willner, “True time delays using conversion/dispersion with flat magnitude response for wideband analog RF signals,” European Conference on Optical Communications, Geneva, Switzerland, paper Mo.1.A.6 (2011).
C. Langrock, S. Kumar, J. E. McGeehan, A. Willner, and M. M. Fejer, “All-optical signal processing using χ(2) nonlinearities in guided-wave devices,” J. Lightwave Technol.24(7), 2579–2592 (2006). [CrossRef]

Electron. Lett.

J. L. Cruz, B. Ortega, M. V. Andrés, B. Gimeno, D. Pastor, J. Capmany, and L. Dong, “Chirped fiber Bragg gratings for phased array antennas,” Electron. Lett.33(7), 545–546 (1997). [CrossRef]

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

M. Y. Chen, H. Subbaraman, and R. T. Chen, “Photonic crystal fiber beamformer for multiple-band phased-array antenna transmissions,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.20(5), 375–377 (2008). [CrossRef]
O. Raz, R. Rotman, Y. Danziger, and M. Tur, “Implementation of photonic true time delay using high-order-mode dispersion compensating fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.16(5), 1367–1369 (2004). [CrossRef]
S. S. Maicas, F. Ohman, J. É. Capmany, and J. Mork, “Controlling microwave signals by means of slow and fast light effects in SOA-EA structures,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.19(20), 1589–1591 (2007). [CrossRef]
J. Sancho, M. Sanghoon Chin, A. Sagues, J. Loayssa, I. Lloret, S. Gasulla, L. Sales, Thévenaz, and J. Capmany, “Dynamic microwave photonic filter using separate carrier tuning based on stimulated Brillouin scattering in fibers,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.22(23), 1753–1755 (2010). [CrossRef]
L. Yaron, R. Rotman, S. Zach, and M. Tur, “Photonic beamformer receiver with multiple beam capabilities,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.22(23), 1723–1725 (2010). [CrossRef]
R. D. Esman, M. Y. Frankel, J. L. Dexter, L. Goldberg, M. G. Parent, D. Stilwell, and D. G. Cooper, “Fiber-optic prism true time-delay antenna feed,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.5(11), 1347–1349 (1993). [CrossRef]
W. Ng, D. Yap, A. Narayanan, and A. Walston, “High-precision detector-switched monolithic GaAs time-delay network for the optical control of phased arrays,” IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.6(2), 231–234 (1994). [CrossRef]

IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.

S. Blanc, M. Alouini, K. Garenaux, M. Queguiner, and T. Merlet, “Optical multibeamforming network based on WDM and dispersion fiber in receive mode,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech.54(1), 402–411 (2006). [CrossRef]

J. Lightwave Technol.

Opt. Express

B. Juswardy, F. Xiao, and K. Alameh, “Opto-VLSI-based photonic true-time delay architecture for broadband adaptive nulling in phased array antennas,” Opt. Express17(6), 4773–4781 (2009). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Opt. Lett.

S. R. Nuccio, O. F. Yilmaz, X. Wang, H. Huang, J. Wang, X. Wu, and A. E. Willner, “Higher-order dispersion compensation to enable a 3.6 micros wavelength-maintaining delay of a 100 Gb/s DQPSK signal,” Opt. Lett.35(17), 2985–2987 (2010). [CrossRef] [PubMed]

Other

O. F. Yilmaz, L. Yaron, S. Khaleghi, M. R. Chitgarha, M. Tur, and A. Willner, “True time delays using conversion/dispersion with flat magnitude response for wideband analog RF signals,” European Conference on Optical Communications, Geneva, Switzerland, paper Mo.1.A.6 (2011).
Sylvain Combrié, Pierre Colman, Nguyen-Vy Quynh Tran, Jérome Bourderionnet, Alfredo DeRossi, Mark Patterson, Greg Demand, Stephen Hughes, Renaud Gabet, and Yves Jaouen, “Toward a miniature optical true-time delay line,” SPIE Newsroom, June 2010, DOI: 10.1117/2.1201005.002946 [CrossRef]
K. Willaims, “Microwave photonics,” Optical Fiber Communications Conference, Los Angeles, CA, SC160 (2011).
J. Capmany, J. Sancho, J. Lloret, I. Gasulla, and S. Sales, “Tunable phase-shift and true time delays using slow light techniques and devices,” European Conference on Optical Communications (ECOC), Torino, Italy, WS9 (2010).
M. Skolnik, Radar Handbook (McGraw-Hill, 1990).

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