Reverse chromatic aberration and its numerical optimization in a metamaterial lens

doi:10.1364/OE.20.008761

Reverse chromatic aberration and its numerical optimization in a metamaterial lens

William J. Capecchi, Nader Behdad, and Francesco A. Volpe »View Author Affiliations

Optics Express, Vol. 20, Issue 8, pp. 8761-8769 (2012)
http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.20.008761

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Abstract

In planar metamaterial lenses, the focal point moves with the frequency. Here it is shown numerically that this movement can be controlled by properly engineering the dimensions of the metamaterial-based phase shifters that constitute the lens. In particular, such lenses can be designed to exhibit unusual chromatic aberration with the focal length increasing, rather than decreasing, with the frequency. It is proposed that such an artificial “reverse” chromatic aberration may optimize the transverse resolution of millimeter wave diagnostics of plasmas and be useful in compensating for the natural “ordinary” chromatic aberration of other components in an optical system. More generally, optimized chromatic aberration will allow for simultaneous focusing of several objects located at different distances and emitting or reflecting at different frequencies.

OCIS Codes
(080.3630) Geometric optics : Lenses
(220.1000) Optical design and fabrication : Aberration compensation
(160.3918) Materials : Metamaterials
(280.5395) Remote sensing and sensors : Plasma diagnostics

ToC Category:
Metamaterials

History
Original Manuscript: February 15, 2012
Manuscript Accepted: March 22, 2012
Published: March 30, 2012

Citation
William J. Capecchi, Nader Behdad, and Francesco A. Volpe, "Reverse chromatic aberration and its numerical optimization in a metamaterial lens," Opt. Express 20, 8761-8769 (2012)
http://www.opticsinfobase.org/oe/abstract.cfm?URI=oe-20-8-8761

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References

H. J. Hartfuss, T. Geist, and M. Hirsch, “Heterodyne methods in millimetre wave plasma diagnostics with applications to ECE, interferometry and reflectometry,” Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion39(11), 1693–1769 (1997). [CrossRef]
I. Hutchinson, Principles of Plasma Diagnostics (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002).
N. C. Luhnann, H. Bindslev, H. Park, J. Sanchez, G. Taylor, and C. X. Yu, “Microwave diagnostics,” Fusion Sci. Technol.53, 335–396 (2008).
P. K. Chattopadhyay, J. K. Anderson, T. M. Biewer, D. Craig, C. B. Forest, R. W. Harvey, and A. P. Smirnov, “Electron Bernstein wave emission from an overdense reversed field pinch plasma,” Phys. Plasmas9(3), 752–755 (2002). [CrossRef]
J. Wesson, Tokamaks (Oxford University Press, 1987).
M. Al-Joumayly and N. Behdad, “Wideband planar microwave lenses using sub-wavelength spatial phase shifters,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.59(12), 4542–4552 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. Al-Joumayly and N. Behdad, “A generalized method for synthesizing low-profile, band-pass frequency selective surfaces with non-resonant constituting elements,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.58(12), 4033–4041 (2010). [CrossRef]
N. Behdad, M. Al-Joumayly, and M. Salehi, “A low-profile third-order bandpass frequency selective surface,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.57(2), 460–466 (2009). [CrossRef]
J. L. Luxon, “A design retrospective of the DIII-D tokamak,” Nucl. Fusion42(5), 614–633 (2002). [CrossRef]
R. F. Ellis, M. E. Austin, and D. Taussig, “New high spatial resolution optics for the DIII-D ECE radiometer,” in Proc. Of the 14th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC 14), Santorini, GR, May 9–12, 2006.

Al-Joumayly, M.
Anderson, J. K.
Behdad, N.
Biewer, T. M.
Bindslev, H.
Chattopadhyay, P. K.
Craig, D.
Forest, C. B.
Geist, T.
Hartfuss, H. J.
Harvey, R. W.
Hirsch, M.
Luhnann, N. C.
Luxon, J. L.
Park, H.
Salehi, M.
Sanchez, J.
Smirnov, A. P.
Taylor, G.
Yu, C. X.

Fusion Sci. Technol.

N. C. Luhnann, H. Bindslev, H. Park, J. Sanchez, G. Taylor, and C. X. Yu, “Microwave diagnostics,” Fusion Sci. Technol.53, 335–396 (2008).

IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.

M. Al-Joumayly and N. Behdad, “Wideband planar microwave lenses using sub-wavelength spatial phase shifters,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.59(12), 4542–4552 (2011). [CrossRef]
M. Al-Joumayly and N. Behdad, “A generalized method for synthesizing low-profile, band-pass frequency selective surfaces with non-resonant constituting elements,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.58(12), 4033–4041 (2010). [CrossRef]
N. Behdad, M. Al-Joumayly, and M. Salehi, “A low-profile third-order bandpass frequency selective surface,” IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.57(2), 460–466 (2009). [CrossRef]

Nucl. Fusion

J. L. Luxon, “A design retrospective of the DIII-D tokamak,” Nucl. Fusion42(5), 614–633 (2002). [CrossRef]

Phys. Plasmas

P. K. Chattopadhyay, J. K. Anderson, T. M. Biewer, D. Craig, C. B. Forest, R. W. Harvey, and A. P. Smirnov, “Electron Bernstein wave emission from an overdense reversed field pinch plasma,” Phys. Plasmas9(3), 752–755 (2002). [CrossRef]

Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion

H. J. Hartfuss, T. Geist, and M. Hirsch, “Heterodyne methods in millimetre wave plasma diagnostics with applications to ECE, interferometry and reflectometry,” Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion39(11), 1693–1769 (1997). [CrossRef]

Other

I. Hutchinson, Principles of Plasma Diagnostics (Cambridge Univ. Press, 2002).
J. Wesson, Tokamaks (Oxford University Press, 1987).
R. F. Ellis, M. E. Austin, and D. Taussig, “New high spatial resolution optics for the DIII-D ECE radiometer,” in Proc. Of the 14th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating (EC 14), Santorini, GR, May 9–12, 2006.

2011, Al-Joumayly, IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.
2010, Al-Joumayly, IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.
2009, Behdad, IEEE Trans. Antenn. Propag.
2008, Luhnann, Fusion Sci. Technol.
2002, Chattopadhyay, Phys. Plasmas
2002, Luxon, Nucl. Fusion
1997, Hartfuss, Plasma Phys. Contr. Fusion

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